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MEMORIES 


OF 


CANADA AND SCOTLAND. 


RIC 
DA 


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U 


LA) 


MEMORIES 


OF 


CANADA AND SCOTLAND 


SPEECHES AND VERSES 
BY THE 


RIGHT HON. THE MARQUIS OF LORNE 
K.T., G.CM.G., &c. 


MONTREAL 


BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS 
1884 


DAWSON 


Entered by Dawson BrotHErs, according to Act of Parliament ot 
Canada, in the year 1883, in the office of the Minister of Agriculture. 


Dedicated 
WITH RESPECT AND AFFECTION 
TO 
THE MEMBERS 


OF 


THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 


CANAD! 
QUEBEC 
PROLOG 
CANADI: 
CANADI: 
THE CA} 
MILICET’ 
THE GUI 
THE STR 
THE ORI 
THE ISLE 
THE MYs 
WINI 
WESTWAR 
THE SON¢ 
THE PRAI 
CREE FAI! 
THE ‘‘Qu 
THE BLAC 


CONTENTS. 


VERSES ON CANADIAN SUBFECTS, 


PAGE 
CANADA, 1882. ‘ ‘ , : ‘ 3 
QUEBEC . ‘ P ' ; ; 5 
PROLOGUE—GOVERNMENT HOUSE, MARCH 15879 . a 8 
CANADIAN NATIONAL HYMN . ‘ ° . ; . 14 
CANADIAN RIVER RHYMES. ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ é 7 
THE CANADIAN ROBIN . ‘ ; ‘ ; : . 19 
MILICETE LEGEND OF THE RIVER ST. JOHN. : ioe 
THE GUIDE OF THE MOHAWKS . : ‘ , 98 
THE STRONG HUNTER . ‘ ; , ; ‘ . 
THE ORIGIN OF THE INDIAN CORN . ; . a 
THE ISLES OF HURON . ‘ : ‘ ‘ ; . =a 
THE MYSTIC ISLE OF THE “LAND OF THE NORTH 
WIND”, : ‘ . . ‘ : ~ 
WESTWARD HO! ‘ ‘ . ; : é a 
THE SONG OF THE SIX SISTERS . ‘ : : — 
THE PRAIRIE ROSES ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ . 
CREE FAIRIES . ; ‘ ‘ : ; : ; . 46 
THE ‘‘QU’APPELLE” VALLEY. ; . ; ‘ . 48 


THE BLACKFEET . ° e e ° . ° ° 50 


AIM NEMTONT Cine. So Oe diye nteen gh 


ane RN NBR 


Vill 


SAN GABRIEL, ON THE PACIFIC COAST . 
NIAGARA . 


ON CHIEF MOUNTAIN 


CUBA 


ON THE NEW PROVINCE ‘* ALBERTA” 


CONTENTS. 


VERSES CHIEFLY FROM HIGHLAND STORIES. 


GAELIC LEGENDS 


COLHORN . 


LOCH BUY 


THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE 
TOBERMORY BAY, 1588 
LOCH UISK, ISLE OF MULL 
THE LADY’S ROCK 
THE POOL OF THE IRON SHIRT 
INVERAWE 
AN ISLESMAN’S FAREWELL 
PREFACE TO DIARMID’S STORY 

GRINIE’S FLIGHT WITH DIARMID 

THE DEATH OF THE BOAR 

KING ARTHUR AND THE CAPTIVE MAIDEN 
SEANN ORAN GAILIC 

DUNOLLY’S DAUGHTER 

THE ARMADA GUN. 

CAVALRY CHARGE—KONIGGRATZ 

THE IRISH EMIGRANT, 1880 

THE IRISH EMIGRANT, 1883 


SONG 


SONNET ON THE DEATH OF LORD F. 


67 
68 
75 


o) 
7 


) 
94 


SADOWA 
ON A F 
STA. 


FAREWEI 
EMBARKI 
REPLY Tc 
TO THE M 
AT MONT] 
AT MONTE 
AT OTTAW 
AT OTTAW 
AT KINGS] 
OF LA 

AT KINGs 
COLLE 

AT KINGST 
COLLE 

AT MONTR 
1879 . 

AT MONTRE 
AT QUEBEC- 
TION , 

AT QUEBEC 
AT TORONT 


AT ST. JOHN 


AT ST. JOH 


CORPORA 


CONTENTS. 


SADOWA . : ‘ ; , 
ON A FOREIGN WAR-SHIP’S SALUTE TO THE QUEEN'S 
STANDARD 


SPEECHES AND ADDRESSES. 


FAREWELL ADDRESS AT INVERARAY ; ‘ 

EMBARKING AT LIVERPOOL 

REPLY TO THE LIVERPOOL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 

TO THE MUNICIPALITY OF LONDONDERRY 

AT MONTREAL—TO THE ST. ANDREWS SOCIETY 

AT MONTREAL—REPLY TO THE CITIZENS’ ADDRESS 

AT OTTAWA—REPLY TO THE CITIZENS’ ADDRESS 

AT OTTAWA—DISTRIBUTION OF SCHOOL PRIZES 

AT KINGSTON—ON RECEIVING THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR 
OF LAWS OF QUEEN’S COLLEGE 

AT KINGSTON—TO THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEEN’S 
COLLEGE 

AT KINGSTON—TO THE CADETS OF THE ROYAL MILITARY 
COLLEGE 

AT MONTREAL--REVIEW ON THE QUEEN’S BIRTHDAY, 
1879 . 

AT MONTREAL—OPENING OF AN ART INSTITUTE 

AT QUEBEC—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE CITY CORPORA- 
TION . 

AT QUEBEC—LAVAL UNIVERSITY 

AT TORONTO—TORONTO CLUB DINNER . 

AT ST. JOHN, N.B.. ’ . : ‘ 

AT ST. JOHN, N.B,X—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE CITY 

CORPORATION . ; ; : 


1X 


PAGE 


173 


175 


179 
181 
183 
185 
186 
188 
190 
192 


198 


200 


| 


nn oy . 


tees scecatretiresfacesterss 


x CONTENTS. 


AT TREDERICYON—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE CITY 
CORPORATION 

IN KINGS’ COUNTY, N.B.—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE 
MUNICIPALITY . 

AT TORONTO—REPLY ‘TO ADDRESS OF THE CITY 
CORPORATION 

AT BERLIN, ONTARIO—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE 
GERMAN RESIDENTS . 

AT OTTAWA—EXHIBITION OF 1880 . 

AT OTTAWA—ENXHIBITION OF THE ROYAL CANADIAN 
ACADEMY OF ART 

AT QUEBEC—FESTIVAL OF ST. JEAN BAPTISTE. 

AT HAMILTON—OPENING OF PROVINCIAL FAIR 

AT MONTREAL—OPENING OF PROVINCIAL FAIR 

AT MONTREAL—LAYING THE FOUNDATION STONE OF 
THE REDPATH MUSEUM OF THE M GILL COLLEGE 

AT CHAMBLY—UNVEILING THE STATUE OF COLONEL DE 
SALABERRY 

AT ST. THOMAS—GATHERING OF HIGHLANDERS 

AT WINNIPEG—IMPRESSIONS OF A TOUR IN THE NORTH- 
WEST. 

AT WINNIPEG —SOCIETY OF ST. JEAN BAPTISTE OF 
MANITOBA. 

AT WINNIPEG—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE ARCHBISHOP 
OF ST. BONIFACE—MANITOBA 

AT WINNIPEG—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE BOARD OF 
MANAGEMENT OF MANITOBA COLLEGE 

AT FORT SHAW, MONTANA —FAREWELL TO THE NORTH: 

WEST MOUNTED POLICE . ; 

AT OTTAWA—INCEPTION OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF 

CANADA 


PAGE 


a iinet. 


i 
| 


AT OTTAWA 


AT QUEBEC 


AT SAN 

BRI’ 

AT VICT< 

AT OTT 

ASSO 

AT OTTA) 

OF Cy 

AT TORO 

ACAD) 

ARTIS 

AT OTTAW. 

OF CA) 
RFPLY 


EXTRACT F, 


AT TORONT 


TURES 


AT TORONT 


PARK 


PORATI 


CORPOR: 


OF THE 


AGE 


OF 


CONTENTS. 


AT SAN FRANCISCO, CAL —REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE 


BRITISH RESIDENTS 


AT VICTORIA, B.C.—SPEECH AT A PUBLIC DINNER . 


AT 


AT 


OTTAWA—MEETING OF THE NATIONAL RIFLE 
ASSOCIATION 
OTTAWA—SECOND MEETING OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY 
OF CANADA . 


TORONTO—REPLY TO ADDRESSES OF THE ROYAL. 


ACADEMY AND OF THE ONTARIO SOCIETY OF 
ARTISTS ; : . ° 


AT OTTAWA—FAREWELL ADDRESS OF THE PARLIAMENT 


OF CANADA . 


RF PLY 


EXTRACT FROM THE SPEECH FROM THE THRONE 


AT 


AT 


AT 


AT 


AT 


APPENDIX. 


TORONTO—EXHIBITION OF ARTS AND MANUFAC- 
TURES , 

TORONTO—REPLY TO ADDRESS AT THE QUEEN'S 
PARK . : ° ‘ 

OTTAWA—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE CITY COR- 
PORATION 

MONTREAL—REPLY TO ADDRESS OF THE CITY 
CORPORATION ; 

QUEBEC—REPLY, OCT. 20TH 1883, TO ADDRESS 
OF THE CITY CORPORATION so! . : 


VERSES 


CANADIAN SUBJECTS. 


CANADA, 1882. 


‘* ARE hearts here strong enough to found 
A glorious people’s sway ?” 

Ask of our rivers as they bound 

From hill to plain, or ocean-sound, 
If they are stron~ to-day ? 

If weakness in their floods be found, 
Then may ye answer “ Nay!” 


“Is union yours? may foeman’s might 

y Your love ne’er break or chain ? ” 

Go see if o’er our land the flight 

Of Spring be stayed by blast or blight ; 
If Fall bring never grain ; 

If Summer suns deny their light, 
Then may our hope be vain! 


* Yet far too cramped the narrow space 
Your country’s rule can own?” 
Ah! travel all its bounds and trace 
Each Alp unto its fertile base, 
Our realm of forests lone, 
Our world of prairie, like the face 
Of ocean, hardly k. wn! 


CANADA, 1882. 


«“ Yet for the arts to find a shrine, 
Too rough, I ween, and rude?” 
Yea, if you find no flower divine 
With prairie grass or hardy pine, 
No lilies with the wood, 
Or on the water-meadows’ line 
No purple Iris’ flood ! 


“You deem a nation here shall stand, 
United, great, and free ?” 

Yes, see how Liberty’s own hand 

With ours the continent hath spanned, 
Strong-arched, from sea to sea: 

Our Canada’s her chosen land, 

Her roof and crown to be! 


aise laisse 


a aren 


QUEBEC. 


© FORTRESS city, bathed by streams 
Majestic as thy memories great, 
Where mountains, floods, and forests mate 
‘The grandeur of the glorious dreams, 
Born of the hero hearts who died 
In founding here an Empire’s pride ; 
Prosperity attend thy fate, 
And happiness in thee abide, 
Fair Canada’s strong tower and gate ! 


May Envy, that against thy might 
Dashed hostile hosts to surge and break, 
Bring Commerce, emulous to make 
Thy people share her fruitful fight, 
In filling argosies with store 
Of grain and timber, and each ore, 
And all a continent can shake 
Into thy lap, till more and more 
Thy praise in distant worlds awake. 


Who hath not known delight whose feet 
Have paced thy streets or terrace way ; 
From rampart sod or bastion grey 

Hath marked thy sea-like river greet 


6 QUEBEC. 


The bright and peopled banks which shine: 


In front of tie far mountain’s line ; 


Thy glitteri »g roofs below, the play 


Of currents where the ships entwine 


. t 
Their spars, or laden pass away ? 


As we who joyously once rode \ 
Past guarded gates to trumpet sound, 
Along the devious ways that wound 
O’er drawbridges, through moats, and showed Ir 
The vast St. Lawrence flowing, belt 
The Orleans Isle, and sea-ward melt ; | 
Then by old walls with cannon crowned, Ar 
Down stair-like streets, to where we felt 1 
The salt winds blown o’er meadow ground. Th 


Where flows the Charles past wharf and dock. 
And Learning from Laval looks down, 


And quiet convents grace the town. 
Chere swift to meet the battle shock 
Montcalm rushed on ; and eddying back, 
Red slaughter marked the bridge’s track : 
See now the shores with lumber brown, 
And girt with happy lands which lack 


No loveliness of Summer’s crown. 


Quaint hamlet-alleys, border-filled 
With purple lilacs, poplars tall, 4 E 
Where flits the yellow bird, and fall 1 es 

The deep eave shadows. ‘lhere when tilled ; Whe 


wed 


in tilled 


QUEBEC. 


The peasant’s r-'d or garden bed, 

He rests content if o’er his head 
From silver spires the church-bells call 

To gorgeous shrines, and prayers that gild 
The simple hopes and lives of all. 


Winter is mocked by garbs of green, 
Worn by the copses flaked with snow,— 
White spikes and balls of bloom, that blow 
In hedgerows deep ; and cattle seen 
In meadows spangled thick with gold, 
And globes where lovers’ fates are told 
Around the red-doored houses low ; 
While rising o’er them, fold on fold, 
The distant hills in azure glow. 


Oft in the woods we long delayed, 
When hours were minutes all too brief, 
For Nature knew no sound of grief ; 
But overhead the breezes played, 
And in the dank grass at our knee, 
Shone pearls of our green forest sea, 
The star-white flowers of triple leaf 
Which love around the brooks to be, 
Within the birch and maple shade. 


At times we passed some fairy mere 
Embosomed in the leafy screen, 
And streaked with tints of heaven’s sheen, 
Where’er the water’s surface clear 


8 QUEBEC. 


Bore not the hues of verdant light 

From myriad boughs on mountain height, 
Or near the shadowed banks were seen ) 

The sparkles that in circlets bright 
Told where the fishes’ feast had been. 


And when afar the forests flushed C 
In falling swathes of fire, there soared 
Dark clouds where muttering thunder roared, 

And mounting vapours lurid rushed, SI 
While a metallic lustre flew 
Upon the vivid verdure’s hue, 


Before the blasts and rain forth poured, Sh. 
And slow o’er mighty landscapes drew : 
The grandest pageant of the Lord: ie 


The threatening march of flashing cloud, ) The 
With tumults of embattled air, | 
Blest conflicts for the good they bear ! 

A century has God allowed The 
None other, since the days He gave | 


Unequal fortune to the brave. 


Comrades in death! you live to share : Bat] 


An equal honour, for your grave 
Bade Enmity take Love as heir! 


We watched, when gone day’s quivering haze, 


The loops of plunging foam that beat 


The rocks at Montmorenci’s feet 


Stab the deep gloom with moonlit rays ; 


yared, 


QUEBEC. 


Or from the fortress saw the streams 
Sweep swiftly o’er the pillared beams ; 
White shone the roofs, and anchored fleet, 

And grassy slopes where nod in dreams 
Pale hosts of sleeping Marguerite. 


Or when the dazzling Frost King mailed 
Would clasp the wilful waterfall, 
Fast leaping to her snowy hall 
She fled ; and where her rainbows hailed 
Her freedom, painting all her home, 
We climbed her spray-built palace dome, 
Shot down the radiant glassy wall 
Until we reached the snowdrift foam, 
As shoots to waves some meteor ball. 


Then homeward, hearing song or tale, 
With chime of harness bells we sped 
Above the frozen river bed. 
The city, through a misty veil, 
Gleamed from her cape, where sunset fire 
Touched louvre and cathedral spire, 
Bathed ice and snow a rosy red, 
So beautiful that men’s desire 
For May-time’s rival wonders fled : 


What glories hath this gracious land, 
Fit home for many a hardy race ; 
Where liberty has broadest base, 

And labour honours every hand! 


10 


QUEBEC. 


Throughout her triply thousand miles 

The sun upon each season smiles, 
And every man has scope and space, 

And kindliness, from strand to strand, 
Alone is born to right of place ! 


Such were our memories. May they yet 
Be shared by others, sent to be 
Signs of the union of the free 
And kindred peoples God hath set 
O’er famous isles, and fertile zones 
Of continents! Or if new thrones 
And mighty States arise, may He 
Whose potent hand yon river owns 
Smooth their great future’s shrouded Sea! 


A mc 
To ST 
Now | 
Affect 
For ¢ 
Speak 
And s] 
The hg 


Missed 
Among 
Missed 
In ring 
Missed 
In Man 

Where’ 
Evoked 
We mo 

Old En 

And thg 

Our Qu 


PROLOGUE. 
GOVERNMENT House, March 1879. 


A MOMENT’s pause before we play our parts, 

To speak the thought that reigns within your hearts.— 
Now from the Future’s hours, and unknown days, 
Affection turns, and with the Past delays ; 

For countless voices in our mighty land 

Speak the fond praises of a vanished hand ; 

And shall, to mightier ages yet, proclaim 

The happy memories linked with Dufferin’s name. 


Missed here is he, to whom each class and creed, 
Among our people lately bade “ God speed ;” 
Missed, when each Winter sees the skater wheel 
In ringing circle on the flashing steel ; 

Missed in the Spring, the Summer and the Fall, 
In many a hut, as in the Council Hall ; 
Where’er his wanderings on Duty’s hest 

Evoked his glowing speech, his genial jest. 

We mourn his absence, though we joy that now 
Old England’s honours cluster round his brow, 
And that he left us but to serve again 

Our Queen and Empire on the Neva’s plain! 


12 A PROLOGUE. 

Amidst the honoured roll of those whose fate | Bu 
It was to crown our fair Canadian State, 3 Wh 
And bind in one bright diadem alone, Mo 
Fach glorious Province, each resplendent stone, Her 
His name shall last, and his example give ; And 
To all her sons a lesson how to live: Shor 
How every task, if met with heart as bold, | 
Proves the hard rock is seamed with precious gold, Gree. 
And Labour, when with Mirth and Love allied, Thei 
Finds friends far stronger than in Force and Pride, ‘And | 
And Sympathy and Kindness can be made Our c 


The potent weapons by which men are swayed. 


He proved a nation’s trust can well be won 

By loyal work and constant duty done ; 

The wit that winged the wisdom of his word 

Set forth our glories, till all Europe heard 

How wide the room our Western World can spare 
For all who nobly toil and bravely dare. 


And while the statesman we revere, we know 
In him the friend is gone, to whom we owe 
So much of gaiety, so much which made 


Life’s duller round to seem in joy repaid. 

These little festivals by him made bright, 

With grateful thoughts of him renewed to-night, 
Remind no less of her who deigned to grace 
This mimic world, and fill therein her place 
With the sweet dignity and gracious mien 

The race of Hamilton has often seen ; 


A PROLOGUE. 13 


But never shown upon the wider stage 

Where the great “cast” is writ on History’s page, 
More purely, nobly, than by her, whose voice 
Here moved to tears, or made the heart rejoice, 
And who in act and word, at home, or far, 

Shone with calm beauty like the Northern Star! 


Green as the Shamrock of their native Isle 
Their memory lives, and babes unborn shall smile 


‘And share in happiness the pride that blends 


Our country’s name with her beloved friends ! 


A NATIONAL HYMN. 
GOVERNMENT HOUSE, March 1880. 


From our Dominion never 
Take Thy protecting hand, 
United, Lord, for ever 
Keep Thou our fathers’ land ! 
From where Atlantic terrors 
Our hardy seamen train, 
To where the salt sea mirrors 
The vast Pacific chain. 
Aye one with her whose thunder 
Keeps world-watch with the hours, 
Guard Freedom’s home and wonder, 
“This Canada of ours.” 


Fair days of fortune send her, 
Be Thou her Shield and Sun! 

Our land, our flag’s Defender, 
Unite our hearts as one! 

One flag, one land, upon her 
May every blessing rest! 

For loyal faith and honour 
Her children’s deeds attest. 

Aye one with her, &c. 


; 


A NATIONAL HYMN. 15 


No stranger’s foot, insulting, 
Shall tread our country’s soil ; 

While stand her sons exulting 
For her to live and toil. 

She hath the victor’s guerdon, 
Her’s are the conquering hours, 

No foeman’s yoke shall burden 
“This Canada of ours.” 


Aye one with her, &c. 


Our sires, when times were sorest, 
Asked none but aid Divine, 
And cleared the tangled forest, 
And wrought the buried mine. 
They tracked the floods and fountains, 
And won, with master-hand, 
Far more than gold in mountains, 
The glorious Prairie-land. 
Aye one with her, &c. 


O Giver of earth’s treasure, 
Make Thou our nation strow, ; 
Pour forth Thine hot displeasure 
On all who work our wrong! 
To our remotest border 
Let plenty still increase, 
Let Liberty and Order, 
Bid ancient feuds to cease. 
Aye one with her, &c. 


A NATIONAL HYMN. 


May Canada’s fair daughters 

Keep house for hearts as bold 
As theirs who o’er the waters 

Came hither first of old. 
The pioncers of nations ! 

They showed the world the way 5 
’Tis ours to keep their stations, 

And lead the van to-day. 

Aye one with her, &c. 


Inheritors of glory, 
O countrymen ! we swear 
To guard the flag whose story 
Shall onward victory bear. 
Where’er through earth’s far regions 
Its triple crosses fly, 
For God, for home, our leyions 
Shall win, or fighting die ! 
Aye one with her, &c. 


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2. WI 


RIVER RHYMES. 


1. WE have poled our staunch canoe 
Many a boiling torrent through ; 
Paddling where the eddies drew, 


Athwart the roaring flood we flew. 
Chorus— 


Dip your paddles! make them leap, 
Where the clear cold waters sweep. 

Dip your paddles! steady keep, 

Where breaks the rapid down the steep. 


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aco aNMNnSKNaNeam 


2. Where the wind, like censer, flings 
Smoke-spray wider as it swings, 
Hark! the aisle of rainbow rings 
To falls that hymn the King of kings. 


3. Lifting there our vessel tight, 
Climbed we bank and rocky height, 
Bore her through thick woods, where light 
Fell dappling those green haunts of Night. 


- derlitligsicunnbaanndacetiorse si nuiipiaibdednscoaneesTanaNel meee 
Wiitbic Kiev WORM " 


4. O’er the rush of billows hurled, 


Where they tossed and leaped and curled, 
Past each wave-worn boulder whirled, 
How fast we sailed, no sail unfurled ! 


B 


RIVER RHYMES. 


5. Laughs from parted lips and teeth 
Hailed the quiet reach beneath, 
Damascened in ferny sheath, 

And girt with pine and maple wreath. 


6. Oh, the lovely river there 
Made all Nature yet more fair ; 
Wooded hills and azure air 


7. Plunged the salmon, waging feud 
’Gainst the jewelled insect-brood ; 
From aerial solitude 
An eagle’s shadow crossed the wood. 


Flapped the heron, and the grey 
Halcyon talked from cedar’s spray, 
Drummed the partridge far away ;— 
Ah! could we choose to live as they ! 


o 


Kissed, quivering, in the stream they share. 


LEG! 


Tr 


r share. 


LEGEND OF THE CANADIAN ROBIN. 


Is it Man alone who merits 
Immortality or death ? 

Each created thing inherits 
Equal air and common breath. 


Souls pass onward : some are ranging 
Happy hunting-grounds, and some 

Are as joyous, though in changing 
Form be altered, language dumb. — 


Beauteous all, if fur or feather, 
Strength or gift of song be theirs ; 

He who planted all together 
Equally their fate prepares. 


Like to Time, that dies not, living 
Through the change the seasons bring, 
So men, dying, are but giving 
Life to some fleet foot or wing. 


Bird and beast the Savage cherished, 
But the Robins loved he best ; 

O’er the grave where he has perished 

They shall thrive and build their nest. 


THE CANADIAN ROBIN. 


Hunted by the white invader, 
Vanish ancient races all ; 
Yet no ruthless foe or trader 

Silences the songster’s call. 


For the white man too rejoices, 
Welcoming Spring’s herald bird, 

When the ice breaks, and the voices 
From the rushing streams are heard. 


Where the indian’s head-dress fluttered, 
Pale the settler would recoil, 

And his deepest curse was uttered 
On the Red Son of the soil. 


SA 


<6 


Later knew he not, when often 
Gladness with the Robin came, 

How a spirit-change could soften 
Hate to dear affection’s flame : 


Knew not, as he heard, delighted, 
Mellow notes in woodlands die, 
How his heart had leaped, affrighted 

At that voice in battle-cry. 


For a youthful Savage, keeping 
Long his cruel fast, had prayed, 

All his soul in yearning steeping, 

Not for glory, chase, or maid; 


NAAR Sect rit ciedaaraeancir mei oD abu ree 


But to sing in joy, and wander, 
Following the summer hours, 


THE CANADIAN ROBIN. 


Drinking where the streams meander, 
Feasting with the leaves and flowers. 


Once his people saw him painting 
Red his sides and red his breast, 
Said: ‘ His soul for fight is fainting, 
War-paint suits the hero best ;” 


Went, when passed the night, loud calling, 
Found him not, but where he lay 

Saw a Robin, whose enthralling 
Carol seemed to them to say ; 


“‘T have left you! I am going 
Far from fast and winter pain ; 


When the laughing water’s flowing 


Hither I will come again!” 


Thus his ebon locks still wearing, 
With the war-paint on his breast, 

Still he comes, our summer sharing, 
And the lands he once possessed. 


Finding in the white man’s regions 
Foemen none, but friends whose heart 

Loves the Robins’ happy legions, 
Mourns when, silent, they depart. 


WERE THESE THE FIRST DISCOVERERS 
OF AMERICA ? 


MILICETE LEGEND OF THE OUANGONDE, OR RIVER 
Xx St. JOHN. 


THoucu the ebbing ocean listens 
To Ugondé’s throbbing roar, 

Calm the conquering flood-tide glistens 
Where the river raved before.* 


So the sea-brought strangers, stronger 
Than their Indian foes of old, 

Conquered, till were heard no longer 
War-songs through the forests rolled. 


Vet the land’s wild stream, begotten 
Where its Red Sons fought and died, 


* The Bay of Fundy tide rises to such a height that it flows up 
the St. John River channel to some distance, silencing the roar 


of the falls, which pour over a great ledge of rock left by the 


ebbing sea. Taken very literally from a tale in the “ Amaranth 
Magazine,” 1841. 


Fo 


An 


UGONDE. 23 


With traditions unforgotten 
Strives to stem Oblivion’s tide ; 


Tells the mighty, who, like ocean, 
Whelm the native stream, how they 

First in far dim days’ commotion, 
Wrestling, fought for empire’s sway. 


ERERS Hear the sad cascade, ere ever 
Sinks in rising tides its moan, 
True may be the tale, though never 
R RIVER | By the victor ocean known. 


Now the chant rings softly, finding 
Freedom as the sea retires ; 
Loudly now, through spray-tears blinding 


= Throb and thunder silver lyres ; 

i Silenced when the strong sea-water 
To its great heart, limitless, 

. Rising, takes the valley’s daughter, 

ed Soothes the song of her distress. 

ied, j Uconpf#’s TALE. 


For a while the salt brine leaves me 
aor | O’er my terraced rocks to fall, 
cing the roar | ‘ ee 
k left bythe 4 And my broad swift-gliding waters 
e “Amaranth | Olden memories recall. 


24 UGONDE. 


Ere the tallest pines were seedlings Sa 
With my !ife-stream these were blent ; 

As a father’s words, like arrows ) R: 
Straight to children’s hearts are sent, 


So my currents speeding downwards, : Tu 
Ever passing, sing the same ( 
Story of the days remembered, , Da: 
When the stranger people came. c 


Men of mighty limbs and voices, : Fro 
Bearing shining shields and knives, Y 
Painted gleamed their hair like evening, i Flas 
When the sun in ocean dives. : B 


Blue their eyes and tall their stature, 
Huge as Indian shadows seen 

When the sun through mists of morning 

Casts them o’er a clear lake’s sheen. 


From before the great Pale-faces 
Fled the tribes to woods and caves, 
Watching thence their fearful councils, 
Where they talked beside the waves. 


For they loved the shores, and fashioned 
Houses from its stones, and there 

Fished and rested, danced at night-time 

By their fire and torches’ glare. 


UGONDVE. 25 


Sang loud songs before the pine-logs 
As they crackled in the flame, 

Raised and drank from bone-cups, shouting 
Fiercely some strange spirit’s name. 


Turning to the morning’s pathway, 
Cried they thus to gods, and none 

Dared to fight the bearded giants, 
Children of the fire and sun. 


From their bodies fell our flint-darts, 
Yet their arrows flew, like rays 
, Flashing from the rocks where polished 
By the ice in winter days. 


Then the Indians prayed the spirits 
Haunting river, bank, and hill, 
9 : To let hatred, like marsh vapour, 
1 Rise among their foes and kill. 


And they seemed to heed, for anger 
Often maddened all the band, 

Fighting for some stones that glittered 
Yellow on Ugondé’s sand. 


aa | Seeing axe and spear-head crimson, 

Hope illumined doubt and dread, 

And our land’s despairing children 
Called upon the mighty dead. 


26 UGONDE. 


All the Northern night-air shaking, 
Rose the ancients’ bright array, 

Burning lines of battle breaking 
Darkness into lurid day. 


But the stranger hearts were hardened, 
Fearless slept they ; then at last 

Our Great Spirit heard, and answered 
From his home in heaven vast. 


For his waving locks were tempests, 
And the thunder-cloud his frown ; 
Where he trod the earthquake followed, 
And the forests bowed them down. 


As his whirlwind struck the mountains, 
Rent and ..ited, swayed the ground ; 

Wingéd knives of crooked lightning 

Gleamed from skies and gulfs profound. 


Floods, from wonted channels driven, 
Roared at falling hillside’s shock ; 

What was land became the torrent, 

What was lake became the rock. 


Now the river and the ocean, 
Whispering, say: ‘Our floods alone 

See white skeletons slow-moving 

Near the olden walls of stone.” 


UGONDE. 27 


Moving slow in stream and sea-tide, 

There the stranger warriors sleep, 
And their shades still cry in anguish 
Where the foaming waters leap. 


THE GUIDE OF THE MOHAWKS. ’ 


For strife against the ocean tribe j y, 
The Mohawks’ war array 

Comes floating down, where broad St. John 
Reflects the dawning day. 


A camp is seen, and victims fall, 
And none are left to flee ; 

A maid alone is spared, compelled 
A traitress guide to be. 


The swift canoes together keep, 

And over their gliding prows 
The silent girl points down the stream, 
Nor halt nor rest allows. 


“‘Speak ! are we near your fires? How dark 
Night o’er these waters lies!” 
Still pointing down the rushing stream, 


The maiden naught replies. 


The banks fly past, the water seethes ; 
The Mohawks shout, *‘ To shore! 
Where is the girl?” Her cry ascends 
From out the river’s roar. 


THE GUIDE OF THE MOHAWEKS. 29 


The foaming rapids rise and flash 
A moment o’er her head, 

And smiling as she sinks, she knows 
tier foemen’s course is sped ; 


4 A moment hears she shriek on shriek 
WES. : From hearts that death appals, 

’ As, seized by whirling gulfs, the crews 
Are drawn into the falls! 


THE STRONG HUNTER. 


THERE’Ss a warrior hunting o’er prairie and hill, 
Who in sunshine or starlight is eager to kill, 

Who ne'er sleeps by his fire on the wild river’s shore, 
Where the green cedars shake to the white rapids’ 


roar. 


Ever tireless and noiseless, he knows not repose, 
Be the land filled with summer, OF lifeless with | 
SnOWS ; : 
But his strength gives him few he can count as his i 
friends, 
Man and beast fly before him wherever he wends. 


For he chases alike every form that has breath, 
And his darts must strike all,—for that hunter is | 
Death ! 1 
Lo! askeleton armed, and his scalp-lock yet streams 
From this vision of fear of the Iroquois’ dreams! — 


ce 


6< 


MON-DAW-MIN ; 


Or, THE ORIGIN OF THE INDIAN-CORN. 


nd hill, | 
‘kill, | Cuerry bloom and green buds bursting 
river’s shore, i Fleck the azure skies ; 

xhite rapids’ 4 In the spring wood, hungering, thirsting, 


Faint an Indian lies. 


To behold his guardian spirit 
Fasts the dusky youth ; 

Prays that thus he may inherit 
Warrior strength and truth. 


ot repose, 
lifeless with 


count as his 


i Weak he grows, the war-path gory 
r he wends. Seems a far delight ; 
Now he scans the flowers, whose glory 


Ss breath, Is not won by fight. 


hat hunter is 7 
: “ Hunger kills me; see my arrow 

ck yet streams © Bloodless lies ; I ask, 

is’ dreams ! ; If life’s doom be grave-pit narrow, 

Deathless make its task. 


‘For man’s welfare guide my being, 
So I shall not die 


MON-DAW-MIN. 


Like the flow’rets, fading, fleeing, 
When the snow is nigh. 


“ Medicine from the plants we borrow, 
Salves from many a leaf; 

May they not kill hunger’s sorrow, 
Give with food relief?” 


Suddenly a spirit shining F 
From the sky came down, : 

Green his mantle, floating, twining, ; 
Gold his feather crown. : W 


“T have heard thy thought unspoken ; O 

Famous thou shalt be; : 
Though no scalp shall be the token, 
Men shall speak of thee. 


“‘Bravely borne, men’s heaviest burden § 
Ever lighter lies ; 3 S 

Wrestling with me, win the guerdon; 

Gain thy wish, arise !” 


Now he rises, and, prevailing, 

Hears the angel say : 1 Fe 
‘Strong in weakness, never failing, 
Strive yet one more day. 


** Now again I come, and find thee 
Yet with courage high, 

So that, though my arms can bind thee, 

Victor thou, not I. 


l, 


rden 


thee, 


MON-DAW-MIN. , 


‘*‘ Hark! to-morrow, conquering, slay me, 


Blest shall be thy toil: 
After wrestling, strip me, lay me 
Sleeping in the soil. 


‘Visit oft the place ; above me 
Root out weeds and grass ; 

Fast no more ; obeying, love me ; 
Watch what comes to pass.” 


Waiting through the long day dreary, 
Still he hungers on ; 

Once more wrestling, weak and weary, 
Still the fight is won. 


Stripped of robes and golden feather, 
Buried lies the guest: 

Summer’s wonder-working weather 
Warms his place of rest. 


Ever his commands fulfilling, 
Mourns his victor friend, 

Fearing, with a heart unwilling, 
To have known the end. 


No! upon the dark mould fallow 
Shine bright blades of green ; 
Rising, spreading, plumes of yellow 
O’er their sheaves are seen. 


MON-DAW-MIN. 


Higher than a mortal’s stature 


Soars the corn in pride ; 
Seeing it, he knows that Nature 


There stands deified. 
“the guerdon 


“Tis my friend,” he cries, 
Fast and prayer have won; 


Want is past, an 
Soon shall torture none.” 


d hunger’s burden 


ydon 


THE ISLES OF HURON. 


BRIGHT are the countless isles which crest 
With waving woods wide Huron’s breast,— 
Her countless isles, that love too well 

The crystal waters whence they rise, 
Far from her azure depths to swell, 
Or wanton with the wooing skies ; 


Nor, jealous, soar to keep the Day 
From laughing in each rippling bay, 
But floating on the: flood they love, 
Soft whispering, kiss her breast, and seek 
No passions of the air above, 
No fires that burn the thunder-peak. 


Algoma o’er Ontario throws 
Fair forest heights and mountain snows ; 
Strong Erie shakes the orchard plain 
At great Niagara’s defiles, 
And river-gods o’er Lawrence reign, 
But Love is king in Huron’s isles. 


THE MYSTIC ISLE OF THE “LAND 
OF THE NORTH WIND.” 


(KEEWATIN. ) 


A LAND untamed, whose myriad isles 
Are set in branching lakes that vein 
Illimitable silent woods, 

Voiceful in Fall, when their defiles, 
Rich with the birch’s golden rain, 
See winging past the wildfowl broods. 


Blue channels seem its dented rocks, 
So steeply smoothed, but crusted o’er 
With rounded mosses, green and grey, 
That oft a Southern coral mocks 
Upon this Northern fir-clad shore, 


"Neath tufted copse on cape and bay. 


Here sunshine from serener skies 
Than Europe’s ocean-islands know 
Ripens the berry for the bear, 

And pierces where the beaver plies 
His water-forestry, or slow 

The moose seeks out a breezy lair. 


LAND 


THE “LAND OF THE NORTH WIND.” 


The blaze scarce spangles bush or ferns, 
But lights the white pine’s velvet fringe 
And its dark Norway sister’s boughs ; 
At eve between their shadows burns 
The lake, where shafts of crimson tinge 
‘The savage war-flotilla’s prows. 


Far circling round, these seem to shun 
An isle more fair than all beside, 

As if some lurking foe were there, 
Although upon its heights the sun 
Shines glorious, and its forest pride 

Is fanned by summer’s joyous air. 


For ’mid these isles is one of fear, 
And none may ever breathe its name. 
‘There the Great Spirit loves to be ; 
Its haunted groves and waters clear 
Are homes of thunder and of flame ; 
All pass it silently and flee, 


Save they who potent magic learn, 

Who lonely in that dreaded fane 

Resist nine days the awful powers : 

And, fasting, each through pain may earn 
‘The knowledge daring mortals gain, 

if life survive those secret hours! 


37 


There 


The b 

And, | 

By ml, 

+ But fo 

WESTWARD HO/ More 

Away to the West ! Westward ho! Westward ho! ; Away t 
Where over the prairies the summer winds blow! 7 God's h 
Why known to so few were its rivers and plains, > To land 
Where rustle so tall in their ripeness the grains ? j We mot 
The bison and Red-men alone cared to roam j Full strc 
O’er realms that to millions must soon givea home; | For, truc 
The vast fertile levels Old Time loved to reap 1 The will 
The haymaker’s song hath awakened from sleep. 1 As pole: 


Away to the West! Westward ho! Westward ho! Away to 
Why waited we fearing to plant and to sow? Where r¢ 


Not ours was the waiting! By God was ordained > Right go 
The hour when the ocean’s grey steeds were up-reined,. | Its rollin 
And green marshes rose, and the bittern’s abode j Nor used 
Became the Lone Land where the wild hunter strode, 7 The wate 
And soils with grass harvests grew rich, and the clime: 4} The spa 


For us was prepared in the fulness of Time! 7) Our Roc 


Away to the West! Westward ho! Westward ho! > Away to 
For us ’twas prepared long ago, long ago ! 5 From mg 


ard ho? 
blow! 


lains, 
rains ? 
am 
re a home 5. 
reap 

sleep. 


ward ho! 


Dw P 


ordained 
pre up-reined,. 
’s abode 


unter strode,. © 


and the clime. 3 
Our Rocky Sierras’ sweet rivers of light. 


hme ! 


WESTWARD HO! 39 


There came from the Old World at last o’er the sea, 
The bravest and best to this land of the free ; 

And, leal to their flag, won the fruits of the earth 
By might that has given new nations a birth, 

But found in our North-land a bride to be known 
More worthy than all of the love of the throne. 


Away to the West! Westward ho! Westward ho! 
God’s hand is our guide; ’tis His will that we go! 


To lands yet more happy than Europe’s, for here 

We mould the young nation for Freedom to rear. 
Full strongly we build, and have nought to pull down, 
For, true to ourselves, we are true to the Crown ; 
The will of the people its honour shows forth, 

As pole-star, whose radiance points steadfastly north. 


Away to the West! Westward ho! Westward ho! 
Where rooted in Freedom shall Liberty grow! 


Right good is the loam that for five score of days 
Its rolling lands show, or its plains’ scented ways : 
Nor used is the pick, if the earth has concealed 
The waters it keeps for the house and the field ; 
The spade finds enough, until burst on the sight 


j Away to the West! Westward ho! Westward ho! 


From mountains and lakes there the great rivers flow! 


40 WESTWARD HO! 


If told of Brazil or great Mexico’s gold, 

Of Cotton States’ warmth and of Canada’s cold, 

Go say how we prize, like the ore of the mine, 

The snows sapphire-shadowed in winter’s sunshine ; 
—Our gayest of seasons! which guards the good soil 
For races who won it through faith and through toil. 


Away io the West ! Westward ho! Westward ho! 
Bright sparkles its winter, and light is its snow! 


There gaily, in measureless meadows, all day 

The sun and the breeze with the grass are at play, 
In billows that never can break as they pass, 

But toss the gold foam of the flower-laden grass, 
The bright yellow disks of the asters upcast 

On waves that in blossoms flow silently past. 


Away to the West ! Westward ho! Westward ho! 
Where over the prairies the summer winds blow. 


The West for you, boys! where our God has made 


room 

For field and for city, for plough and for loom. 

The West for you, girls! for our Canada deems 
Love’s home better luck than a gold-seeker’s dreams. 
Away! and your children shall bless you, for they 
Shall rule o’er a land fairer far than Cathay. 


Away to the West! Westward ho! Westward ho! 
Thou God of their fathers, Thy blessing bestow ! 


Jand British C 


THE 


AT a fea 
Girt wit! 
Manitob 
And san; 
“Tame 
My prair 
For the } 
And his | 


On her s 
We saw 4 
“The bis 
And the 
Where hi 
By the ca 
While the 
Give light 


“To the 
Who dwe 


* Manitoba 


old, 

ne, 
nshine ; 
good soil 
ough toil. 


rd ho! 
ow ! 


ard ho! 
5 blow. 


H has made 


oom. 
deems 

pr’s dreams. 
for they 


y. 


rard ho ! 
estow ! 


THE SONG OF THE SIX SISTERS.* 


AT a feast in the east of our central plains, 

Girt with the sheaths of the wheaten grains, 
Manitoba lay where the sunflowers blow, 

And sang to the chime of the Red River’s flow: 
“T am child of the spirit whom all men own, 

My prairie no longer is green and lone, 

For the hosts of the settler have ringed me round, 
And his bride am I with the harvest crowned.” : 


On her steed at speed o’er her burning grass 
We saw Assiniboia pass : 

“The bison and antelope still are mine, 
And the Indian wars on my boundary-line ; 
Where his knife is dyed I love to ride 

By the cactus blooms or the marshes wide, 
While the quivering columns of thunder fire 
Give light to the darkened land’s desire.” 


“To the North look ye forth,” cried the voice of one, 
Who dwells where the great twin rivers run ;-— 


* Manitoba, Assiniboia, Saskatchewan, Athabasca, Alberta, 


and British Columbia. 


42 A SONG OF THE SIX SISTERS. 


“Or farther yet,” Athabaska cried, 

“Where mightier waters the hills divide: 

‘Peace’ is their name, and the musk ox there 

Still feeds alone on the meadows fair.” 

‘Nay, stay,” said the first; ‘the white man’s word 
Hath called me the kindest to horse and herd.” 


From on high where the sky and the snow-born rill 
Each morn and eve to the rose-tints thrill, 

Sang the fairy Sprite of the Fountain Land: 

“A daughter of her, whose sceptred hand 

With the flag of the woven crosses three 

Hath rule o’er the ocean, hath christened me, 

And my waves their homage repeat again, 

And that standard greet in the loyal main.” 


And their lays in her praise then sang the four : 
“‘ Alberta has all we can boast and more : 

The scented breath of the plains is hers, 

The odours sweet of the sage and firs ; 

There the coal breaks forth on her rolling sod, 
And the winters flee at the winds of God. 
Columbia, come! for we want but thee ; 

Now tell of thyself and thy silent sea!” 


“Clad with the silver snow, a pine 
Guarded the grot of a golden mine, 


| In smoke 


7 Seek not 
> Lie asleey 


> From the 
9 I watch t 
And dark was the shade which the mist-wreaths cast, 
Though brightly they shone on the mountain yast. 


St 
W. 
But no 


More t 


Flo 
Th 
Where I 
O’er the 
Swi 
Beh 
But touc’ 
Where tl 


Stre 
In s; 
How love 


Soo 
Shelt 


Oft |] 
With 


Mine 
Sign 


there 


man’s word 


1 herd.” 


ow-born rill 

‘ill, 

and : 

nd 

e 1 
ied me, : 
ain, 

ain.” 


the four : 
re: 

rs, 

} 

ling sod, 
od. 


ine, 
ist-wreaths cast, 
ountain vast. | 


A SONG OF THE SIX SISTERS. 


Stars and sun o’er that cavern swept, 
Where on the glittering sand I slept ; 
But none could behold me, or know where was 
stored 
More treasure than monarch e’er won with the 
sword. 
Floods in fathomless torrents fall 
Through the awful rifts of the Alpine wall, 
Where I passed in the night over forest and glen, 
O’er the ships on the sea and the cities of men— 
Swifter than morn! His shafts of love 
Behind me caught the peaks above, 
But touched not my wings: I had gone e’er he came 
Where the vine-maple fringed the deep forest with 
flame. 
Strewn o’er the sombre walls of green 
In saffron or in crimson sheen, 
How lovely those gardens of autumn, where rolled 
In smoke and in fire the red lava of old! 
Soon I reached my sea-girt home 
Sheltered from the breakers’ foam. 
Seek not for mine isle, for a thousand and more 


| Lie asleep in the calm near the mountainous shore. 


Oft I roam in moon ray clear 
With the puma and the deer ; 
From the boughs of Madréna that droop o’er a bay 
I watch the fish dart from the beams of the day. 
Mine are tranquil gulfs, nor give 
Sign to lovers where I live ; 


aS a Yon A an ae 
. On Sg eC Ss 


44 A SONG OF THE SIX SISTERS. 


But the sea-rock betrays where my netting is hung, 
When the meshes of light o’er its mosses are flung!” 
She ceased, and then in chorus strong 
The blended voices floated long :— 


‘No sirens we, of shore or wave, 
To sing of love and tempt the brave : 
We fled their path, and freedom found 
Where blue horizons stretched around, 
And lilies in the grasses made 

A double sunshine on each blade. 

No wooers we, but, wooed by them, 
We yield our maiden diadem, 

And welcome now, no longer mute, 
Tried hearts so true and resolute !” 


THE PRAIRIE ROSES. 


THE Noon-Sun prayed a prairie rose 
To blanch for him her blossom’s hue, 
But to the Plain all love she owes ; 
Beneath that mother’s grass she grew. 


And sheltered by her verdant blades, 
Their tints of green she made her own; 

But still the Sun sought out her shades 
And said, “ Be my white bride alone!” 


Then, sorrowing for his grievous pain, 
Her sister loved the amorous god, 
And blushed, ashamed, as o’er the plain 
His parting beams illumed the sod. 


So one sweet rose yet wears the green, 
And one in sunset’s crimson glows ; 

Still one untouched by love 1s seen, 

And one in conscious beauty blows. 


M2 Seal ria ota gion 
. — . 


CREE FAIRIES. 


‘Dip earth ever see 

On thy prairie’s line 
Tribes older than thine, 
Old Chief of the Cree ?” 


‘Before us we know 

Of none who lived here : 

The Blackfeet were near ; 
Our shafts bade them go 


‘“ But others have share 
Of lake and of land, 
A swift-footed band 
No arrow can scare. 


‘“ Their coming has been 
When flowers are gay ; 
On islet and bay 

Their foc. prints are seen. 


‘There dance little feet, 
Light grasses they break ; 
Beneath the blue lake 
Must be their retreat. 


CREE FAIRIES. 


“We listen, and none 
Hears ever a sound ; 


But where, lily-crowned, 
Floats the isle in the sun, 


“Three children we see 


Like sunbeams at play, 
And, voiceless as they, 
Dogs bounding in glee. 


“Of old they were there ! 
Ever young, who are these 
Whom Death cannot seize? 


What Spirits of air ?” 


y 


For 


VW 

Whc 

W 

7 Was 

THE “QU’APPELLE” VALLEY. j Vi 

1 Who 

Morwnine, lighting all the prairies, De 

Once of old came, bright as now, tank 

To the twin cliffs, sloping wooded Br; 

From the vast plain’s even brow: Thin, 

When the sunken valley’s levels Hu 
With the winding willowed stream, 

Cried, ‘ Depart, night’s mists and shadows ; Long 

Open-flowered, we love to dream! Vet 

s. ears For it: 

Then in his canoe a stranger Gra 


Passing onward heard a cry ; 
Thought it called his name and answered, 
But the voice would not reply ; 
Waited listening, while the glory 
Rose to search each steep ravine, 
Till the shadowed terraced ridges 
Like the levei vale were green. 


Strange as when on Space the voices 
Of the stars’ hosannahs fell, 

To this wilderness of beauty | 
Seemed his call “ Qu’Appelle? Qu’Appelle ?” # 


THE ‘“QU’APPELLE” VALLEY. 


For a day he tarried, hearkening, 
Wondering, as he went his way, 

Whose the voice that gladly called him 
With the merry tones of day ? 


Was it God, who gave dumb Nature 
RY. ‘ Voice and words to shout to one 
3 Who, a pioneer, came, sunlike, 

Down the pathways of the sun ? 

Harbinger of thronging thousands, 
Bringing plain, and vale, and wood, 

Things the best and last created, 
Human hearts and brotherhood ! 


Jows ; . Long the doubt and eager question 
Yet that valley’s name shall tell, 
For its farmers’ laughing children 
Gravely call it ‘‘ The Qu’Appelle !” 


THE BLACKFEET. 


I. 


WHERE the snow-world of the mountains 
Fronts the sea-like world of sward, 

And encamped along the prairies 
Tower the white peaks heavenward ; 

Where they stand by dawn rose-coloured 
Or dim-silvered by the stars, 

And behind their shadowed portals 
Evening draws her lurid bars, 

Lies a country whose sweet grasses 
Richly clothe the rolling plain ; 

All its swelling upland pastures 
Speak of Plenty’s happy reign ; 

There the bison herds in autumn 
Roamed wide sunlit solitudes, 

Seamed with many an azure river 
Bright in burnished poplar woods. 


II. 


Night-dews pearled the painted hide-tents, 


**Moyas ” named, that on the mead 


Shel 
Br 
Neve 

Ne 
Wher 
Imi 
Maste: 
Whi 
From I 
Free 
Only W 
Sic wl 

Would. 
Deare 


Southwa 
When 
Shaking 
Meltin 
Dwelt th; 
They 
With the 
First 0 
Gallantly 
While ¢ 
While the 
Saw the 


ide-tents, 
ead 


THE BLACKFEET. 


Sheltered dark-eyed women wearing 
Braided hair and woven bead. 
Never man had seen their lodges, 
Never warrior crossed the slopes 
Where they rode, and where they hunted 
Imu bulls and antelopes. 
Masterless, how swift their riding ! 
While the wild steeds onward flew, 
From round breasts and arms unburdened 
Freedom’s winds their tresses blew. 
Only when the purple shadows 
Sic wly veiled the darkening plain 
Would they sorrow that the Sun-god 
Dearer loved his Alp’s domain. 


IIL. 


Southward, nearer to the gorges 
Whence the sudden warm winds blow, 
Shaking all the pine’s huge branches, 
Melting all the fallen snow, 
Dwelt the Séksika, the Blackfeet ; 
They whose ancestor, endued, 
With the dark salve’s magic fleetness, 
First on foot the deer pursued. 
Gallantly the Braves bore torture 
While their Sun-dance fasts were held, 
While the drums beat, and the virgins 
Saw the pains by manhood quelled. 


52 THE BLACKFEET, 


As each writhing form triumphant 
Called on the Great Spirit’s might, 
On his son, whose voice in thunder 


Summons airy hosts to fight. 


IV. 


“ Star-Child,” praised as bearing all things, 
Praised as Brave who never feared, 


Young, but famed above his elders, 


Chief to man and maid endeared, 


Went with comrades, quiver-harnessed, 
O’er the hills, and face to face, 

Where the bright leaves trembled round them, 
Found the fearless huntress race. 


Was it peace or was it warfare ? 
Starting back, their bows they drew, 

But a mystic power compelled them, 
And no word, no arrow flew. 

Nearer to each other drawing, 
Strength and beauty beckoned “ Peace,” 

Each the other envious eyeing, 

Jealous lest their hunt should cease! 


V. 


“They are strong; could not they aid us?” 
Thought the maiden band amazed ; 

“Conquered, these could well obey us!” 

Dreamed the warriors as they gazed. 


False) 
Sm 
While 
We 
““Who 
&é H 
With t 
Decl 
“Yea ; 
Ligh 
With th 
Guid 


Vaunted 
* Peer 
From the 
Worth 
Know ye 
Saw hi 
Armed, 
O’er th 
His the d 
Thrice 
Shafts the 
Kept h 

“ Give us 
Cried tl 


und them, 


THE BLACKFEET. 


Falsely answered cunning “ Star-Child,” 
Smiling as they slowly met, 

While the women’s frequent questions 
Were to laughter’s music set, 

‘““Who is chief among you, tell us ?” 
“He is far! Is she your queen 

With the shells and deer-teeth broidered, 
Decked with sheen of gold between ?” 

“Yea; she slays the bear, the grizzly : 
Light her empire on us lies ; 

With the love she rules her courser 
Guides and guards us ‘ Laughing Eyes’ !” 


VI. 


Vaunted then the men their “ Star-Child :” 
“Peerless soldier, keen-eyed king ! 
From the girl he weds shall heroes 
Worthy war-god’s lineage spring. 
Know ye not how old enchantment 
Saw his storm-born sire appear, 
Armed, upon a peak dark-lifted 
O’er the snows and glaciers drear ? 
His the darts divine, whose breaking 
Thrice hath some disaster sent, 
Shafts that killed and then returning, 
Kept his armoury unspent.” 
“ Give us of these arrows. Bring him!” 
Cried the maidens. ‘‘ Nay,” they said; 


54 


THE BLACKFEET. 


‘“*Come with us and share our hunting 
Ere the autumn leaves are shed.” 


VII. 


Answered they : ‘In painted lodges 
Berries we have dried and meat ; 

Come again ! e’er comes the winter, 
Let us hear your horses’ feet.” 

And they sprang into their saddles, 


Swept, white-splashing, through a stream ; 


Red and saffron hued, the pageant 
Crossed the blue translucent gleam. 
Then unwilling, as they vanished, 
“Star-Child ” slow to camp returned ; 
Told the council of the Blackfeet 
All the marvels he had learned ; 
Dressed him in his chief’s apparel, 
Rode to where, within the glen, 
Lay the trail that led him onward 
To the town, unknown of mer. 


VIII. 


From each Moya thronged the dwellers : 
‘Hath the chief the arrows sent?” 

*““T am Chief; behold me; trust me. 
Lead me to your ruler’s tent.’ 

“He hath not the shafts enchanted ; 
Thus unarmed came never chief!” 


Bent a 
** Bac 

Angry, 
Lest | 
He, obe 
Scorn 
Went ; : 
All al 
Red as 1 
Flushe 


Grave, in 
*Neath 
Round t 
Holdi 
Pausing |] 
Differet 
All the yo 
All the 
But the B 
Half the 
Pledge so 
None hi 
To the hu 
Waking 
Where the 
And the 


am ; 


THE BLACKFEET 


Bent a thousand bows around him : 
‘“‘ Back or die, impostor, thief!” 
Angry, yet afraid to anger, 
Lest he lose those “ Laughing-Eyes,” 
He, obeying, vowed to conquer ; 
Scorning to make vain replies, 
Went ; and weary seemed the journey ! 
All along the yellow plain 
Red as rose-leaves ip the grasses 
Flushed his dusky cheeks with pain. 


IX. 


Grave, in silent circles seated 
*Neath their Moya’s smoke-tanned cone, 

Round the fire his chieftains heard him, 
Holding each a pipe’s red stone. 

Pausing long, they gave their counsel, 
Different from their wont; for here 

All the young men spoke for kindness, 
All the old men were severe. 

But the Braves rode forth at morning, 
Half the magic darts they bore ; 

Pledge so precious of their friendship 
None had thought to give before ! 

To the huntress nation welcome, 
Waking song in every tent, 

Where the hours were passed in feasting 

And the days to love were lent ! 


ae EADS aces tan freee 


56 


THE BLACKFEET. 


X. 


Thus the maidens were the victors, 
For to them the warriors came : 
*‘ Laughing-Eyes ” but loved the “ Star-Child ” 
When his shafts her own became. 
Ah! but where is man or woman 
Who may boast of triumph long ? 
Nought abides, and mighty nations 
Cannot ever more be strong. 
So each huntress found a master, 
Yielding to her heart’s new birth, 
And no more along the prairie 
Beat her steed the sounding earth. 
Yearly yet the Blackfeet women 
Meet and dance and sing the day 
When through love they won, and, winning, 
Freedom passed with love away ! 


SAN G 


GREY-CO 
Guide: 
As their 
Teachi 
Speak thy 
Round 
Rearing t 
And th 


“Thou, S 
Why th 
To no tun 
There t 
Why I kee 
Framed 
Here wher 
Until de 


Then St. G 
Told the 


SAN GABRIEL, ON THE PACIFIC 
COAST. 


GREY-COWLED monk, whose faith so earnest 
Guides these Indians’ childlike hearts, 

As their hands to toil thou turnest, 
Teaching them the Builder’s arts, 

Speak thy thought ! as now they gather 
Round the white walls on the plain, 

3 Rearing them for God the Father, 

ing, 7 And the glory of New Spain. 


“Thou, St. Gabriel, knowest only 
Why thy holy bells I raise, 
To no turret proud and lonely, 
q There to sound the hours of praise ;— 
Why I keep them close beside me, 
Framed within the church’s walls, 
Here where heathen lands shall hide ine 
Until death to judgment calls.” 


Then St. Gabriel in high heaven 
Told the saints this mortal’s lot, 


58 


SAN GABRIEL. 


As the Angelus at even | Thus 
Rose to day that dieth not ; 4 Th 
And from out the nightly wonder : Lovir 


Of the darkened world would float, ‘ An 
Mingling with the near sea’s thunder, 
Yonder belfry’s golden note. 


‘Two there were, whose loves were blighted 
By the Spanish pride abhorred, 

And their vows and wealth they plighted 
To the Missicns of the Lord. 

For his church these bells she gave him, 
When within their glowing mould, 

She had cast what were her treasures, 
—All her ornaments of gold. 


“So do these, that to his seeming 
Were but good as touched by her, 
Ring to seek for love redeeming 
All who sorrow, all who err. 
Yes, though human love be ever 
Heard upon the throbbing air, 
This shall make his life’s endeavour 
Stronger through a woman’s prayer. 


“God is not a Lord requiring 

Sacrifice of memories dear, 
And their love in life untiring 
To His life hath brought then near. 


SAN GABRIEL. 


Thus his wish to have beside him 

That which seems her voice, is good : 
Lovingly the Lord hath tried him, 

And his heart hath understood !” 


NIAGARA. 


A CEASELESS, awful, falling sea, whose sound 
Shakes earth and air, and whose resistless stroke 
Shoots high the volleying foam like cannon smoke ! 

How dread and beautiful the floods, when, crowned 

By moonbeams on their rushing ridge, they bound 
Into the darkness and the veiling spray ; 

Or, jewel-hued and rainbow-dyed, when day 

Lights the pale torture of the gulf profound ! 

So poured the avenging streams upon the world 
When swung the ark upon the deluge wave, 

And, o’er each precipice in grandeur hurled, 

The endless torrents gave mankind a grave. 

God’s voice is mighty, on the water loud, 

Here, as of old, in thunder, glory, cloud ! 


( 


A GREAT 


AMONG wl 
Marks t! 
Apart its 

Too steep | 

In other sh 
When see 

God cary 
An altar to 
Of old there 

And fro 
Take sands 

Where océ 

So in our n 
Love’s golde 


l 
stroke 
smoke ! 
-rowned 


bound 


ON CHIEF MOUNTAIN, 


A GREAT ROCK ON THE AMERICAN NORTH-WEST 
FRONTIER. 


AMONG white peaks a rock, hewn altar-wise, 
Marks the long frontier of our mighty lands. 
Apart its dark tremendous sculpture stands, 

Too steep for snow, and square against the skies. 

In other shape its buttressed masses rise 
When seen from north or south ; but eastward set, 
God carved it where two sovereignties are met, 

An altar to His peace, before men’s eyes. 

Of old there Indian mystics, fasting, prayed ; 

And from its base to distant shores the streams 

Take sands of gold, to be at .«st inlaid 
Where ocean’s floor in shadowed splendour gleams. 

So in our nations’ sundered lives be blent 

Love’s golden memories from one proud descent ! 


ON THE JN 


CUBA. 

q IN token o 

SPAKE one upon our vessel's prow, re For this 
The sinking sun had kissed the glittering seas: A provin 
“°Twas here Columbus with his Genoese ; By thy dear 
Steered his frail barks toward the unknown — a Alberta sha 
With hope unfaltering, though all hope seemed O’er ; | From alp 
Calm ’mid the mutineers the prophet mind : Shall vau 


Saw the New World to which their eyes were blind, Each little } 


. a ? ; 
Heard on its continents the breakers’ roar, And numbe 


Told of the golden promise of the main, : Or the thi 
5 z 

While cursed his crew, and called a madman’s . Great peopl 

dream Still shall | 

The land his ashes only hold for S»ain! q Speak the lo 


It rose on dim horizon with the gleam Worthy the ¢ 


Of morn, proclaiming to the kneeling throng : 
All treasures theirs, because one heart was strong. q * This Province 
; 7 Christian names is 


ON THE NEW PROVINCE “ALBERTA.’* 


In token of the love which thou hast shown gene 

For this wide land of freedom, I have named NEL 

seas : F A province vast, and for its beauty famed, ; 
5 By thy dear name to be hereafter known. 


shore, 4 Alberta shali it be! Her fountains thrown | } ‘Co a 
ed o’er; § From alps unto three oceans, to all men Hal a he 
ad 4 Shall vaunt her loveliness een now; and when, ot ni 
reblind, @ = Each little hamlet to a city grown, te 

q And numberless as blades of prairie grass, 

: Or the thick leaves in distant forest bower, 
adman’s ‘ Great peoples hear the giant currents pass, 

4 Still shall the waters, bringing wealth and power, 

> Speak the loved name,—the land of silver springs— ae 

4 Worthy the daughter of our English kings. aa | 3 


- » @ : 
strong. | * This Province was called after the Princess, one of whose 
©, Christian names is Alberta. 


WY) 
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Mark, i: 
Manl 
Though 
Than 


Better si 
Than 

Sing gre 
Is too 


Lays whe 

Sang o 
Heard an 
* Dare, 


GAELIC LEGENDS. 


Ort the savage Tale in telling 
Less of Love than Wrath and Hate, 
Hath within its fierceness dwelling 
Some pure note compassionate. 


Mark, if rude their nature, stronger, 
Manlier are the minds that keep 


Thought on rightful vengeance longer 


¢ 
c 


Than on teose who can but weep. 


Better sing the horrid battle 
Than its cause of crime and wrong ; 
Sing great life-deeds! the death-rattle 
Is too common for a song. 


Lays where man in fight rejoices 
Sang our Sires, from Sire to Son ; 
Heard and loved the hero voices, 
“Dare, and more than life is won!” 


COLHORN. 


Lo, a castle, tall, lake-mirrored, 
Ringed around by mountain forms, 

Roofless, ruined, sti!l defying 
Summer’s rains and winter’s storms. 


Every shattered lifeless window, 
Every stone in every wall, 

Keep and gable, broken stairway, 
Woman’s faithful love recall. 


Colin, called “ the Swarthy,” famous 
In the annals of Lochow, 

When a child, was gently fostered 
Near where Orchy’s waters flow. 


The Black Knight, his sire, could value 


Vassal’s love and hardy fare ; 
To a gudewife gave him, saying, 


“Train him with the sons you bear.” 


Tae ert at a 


Strong 
Prai: 
Came 
Rule 


But afa 
Rose 
Blessed 
Sailec 


Leaving 
Half | 

Written 
Half \ 


“Tf not 
Blame 
Answerer 
Thoug 


Lonely li 
Riches 
Save the | 
Seemec 


Voiceless 
Falsely 7 

Flashed o’ 
Watche 


ns. 


alue 


COLHORN. 


Strong he grew, and brave, till armies 
Praised in him a man of men. 

Came a peace—then love ;—a lady 
Ruled with him the Orchy’s glen. 


But afar from over Ocean 
Rose a cry for Christian aid: 
Blessed of Pope, ’neath holy banners 
Sailed he for the great crusade. 


Leaving with his weeping lady 
Half their marriage ring, whereon 
Written stood his name, and taking 
Half where hers, engraven, shone. 


‘If no tidings reach thee, darling, 

Blame my death.” But she through tears 
Answered : “I'll believe thee living 

Though I hear not seven years.” 


Lonely lived the lady, lonely : 
Riches grew, and brought her all 

Save the loving words whose echo 
Seemed to linger in his hall. 


Voiceless passed the years ; and Rumour 
Falsely slew him, whose steel mail 
Flashed o’er white walls, azure sea girt, 
Watched, and feared by Moslem sail. 


ee 
Michie meine Ss 


COLHORN. 


Rhodes’ fair island saw his valour ; 
’Mid her gardens he had bled ; 
Glowing as her sun, his love-words 

Homeward to his lady sped. 


Ah, they reached her not, to banish 
Days of care, and nights of woe ; 
Their warm sunshine never parted 


Clouds that darkened o’er Lochow. 


Weary is her lot whose favour 
For her wealth is held a prize ; 

Oft she finds no. truthful homage, 
Sees no love in pleading eyes. 


Man gains strength from gold, but woman 
Worse than dross her wealth may call ; 


Avarice is her haunting suitor, 
Giving naught and seeking all. 


Messages from the Crusader. 
Fell into a Baron’s hands ; 
Who, with subtle treason working, 
Coveted dark Colin’s lands: 


Spread the base and cruel rumours, 
Preyed unon the aching heart, 
Asked her year by year in marriage, 
Falsely played the lover’s part. 


Gaily 
Na 
But s 
Fir 


“Whe 
Wh 
When 
Riss 


So the 
Wall 

Stone 
Hers 


Shall it 
Show 
Shall th 
Turn 


e) 
5 
> 
Satin Sea 


COLHORN. 


And the heartless seasons vanished, 
Other twain were nearly sped ; 

Then at last his suit seemed answered, 
Silently she bent her head. 


Gaily, loudly, laughing o’er her, 
Named the Baron hour and day. 
But she said: “ No, for this wedding 

First I’ll build a castle gay. 


(oe 


‘When its halls are built, we'll tarry 
Where our guests can praise our cheer ; 

When the feast-smoke from its chimneys 
Rises, then the day is near.” 


So the building rose, and slowly 
Walls and stairway, keep and tower, 

Stone by stone completed, sadly 
Heralded the wedding hour. 


Shall it come, and never mercy 
Shown of God avert the doom? 

Shall the longing for the absent 
Turn to feasting o’er his tomb ? 


Yes. The Castle’s new possessor 
Soon shall follow thronging guests : 

As the Lake reflects tue turrets 

Men shall second his behests. 


72 COLHORN. 


Mournful, where they laughed so gladly, ’ Fa 
A poor beggar, haggard, grey, : 

Trod with pain the stony roadside, Ca 
Often halting by the way. ( 

He too reached the Castle’s portal, Spo 
Stood within its archway grim, S 

Loitering in the path cf cthers ; The 
Who would step aside for him ? 

Pushed a henchman rudely, saying, 
“Get you hence,” but still he stood : . 

Then they gave him bread and water, : 
“Loiter not, you have your food.” : 

Twice came others, in his wallet “Ty 
Thrusting bread and meat, and said: 4 Wi 

“Now away, why stand you troubling, : Twa: 
Here you cannot make your bed.” 4 7a 

“Drink from her own hands iraploring, 4 “ets 
Tell your Lady here I wait!” - Ok 

Wondering went she where the beggar 4 Wher 
Shadowed stood within the gate. 4 By 

Now she pours the crystal water, ‘ “Thor 
Quickly he the cup returns ; é “oe 

Oh! what golden circlet broken 4 Then < 
Sees she there that gleams and burns? d Spol 

, io | awe Se ' 
aed 


COLHORN. 


Eagerly she grasped the token, 
Turning to the light away ; 

Came again, and crying “ Colin!” 
On the beggar’s breast she lay. 


Spoke he sadly : “ Hast thou truly 
Still the heart l loved? I know— 

They have told me—that thou takest 
To thy love my deadly foe. 


“Te gudewife, my foster mother, 
Unto whom I made me known 
When I reached the Orchy, told me 

How the rurnour base had grown: 


*““T was dead, or cared not for thee 
Who received no word of mine ; 

*Twas thy lover’s doing, woman, 
Hungering for my wealth and thine! 


“<«Take,’ the gudewife said, ‘a beggar’s 
Old attire ; and see the mist 

Where the wedding smoke is ordered 
By the lips which thou hast kissed.’ 


“Thou hast put our ring together 
Can it be as one again?” 


Then she raised her face, and proudly 


Spoke unto her serving-men : 


COLHORN. 


“See you where the Baron’s people 
Come with him along the road ? 
Go and tell them quickly, ‘Colin 


29) 


Rules again his own abode. 


Fled the traitor, pulses beating, 
Not with love, but craven fear ; 
And the beggar found the treasure 
That to noble hearts is dear. 


Found the love no time had altered, 
Honoured lived, and honoured died ; 

And in Rhodes and in Glenorchy 
Honoured shall his name abide. 


Dark, 
Rise 
Where 
Stan 


Horns 
Fron 

While f 
Gath 


Hound: 
From 
Quiver : 
Howl 


Henchn 

At the 
Start, to 
To the 


LOCH BUY. 


PART I. 


: Dark, with shrouds of mist surrounded, 
a: 4 Rise the mountains from the shore, 
Where the galleys of the Islesmen 
Stand updrawn, their voyage o’er. 


Horns this morn are hoarsely sounding 
From Loch Buy’s ancient wall, 

While for chase the guests and vassals 
Gather in the court and hall. 


Hounds, whose voices could give warning 
From far moors of stags at bay, | : 
Quiver in each iron muscle, 
5 Howl, impatient of delay. 


: Henchmen, waiting for the signal, 

) At their chief’s imperious word 
Start, to drive from hill and corrie | 

To the pass the watchful herd. 


76 


LOCH BUY. 


Closed were paths as with a netting, 
Vain high courage, speed, or scent ; 
Every mesh, a2 man in ambush 
Ready with a crossbow bent. 


*‘ Bachan, guard that glade and copsewood, 
At your peril let none by !” 

Cries the chief, while in the heather 
Silently the huntsmen lie. 


Shouting by the green morasses 
Where the fairies dance at night, 

Yelling ’mid the oak and birches 
Come the beaters into sight. 


And before them, rushing wildly 
Speeds the driven herd of deer, 

Whose wide antlers toss like branches 
In the winter of the year. 


Useless was the vassal’s effort 
To arrest the living flow ; 

And it passed by Eachan’s passage 
Spite of hound, and shout, and blow. 


* Worse than woman! useless caitiff ! 
Why allowed you them to pass? 

Back, no answer! Hark, men, hither! 
Take his staff and bind him fast.” 


Mc 
M: 
With 
Me 


Ah, I 
Bez 
That 
If i 


Deem 
Savi 
Think: 
At s 


Often ; 
Whe 
Surging 
Over 


He, anc 
Well 

Serving 
Shielc 


ood, 


Sr nN a a pt es ter 
‘ om * gine 
2 as 


LOCH BUY. 7 He ae 


Hearing was with them obeying, 
And the hunter’s strong limbs lie 
Bound with thongs from tawny oxen, 
"Neath the chieftain’s cruel eye. 


** More than twoscore stags have passed him, 
Mark the number on his flesh 

With red stripes of this good ashwood, 
Mend me thus this broken mesh!” 


Ah, Loch Buy! faint and sullen 
Beats the heart, once leal and free, 
That had yielded life exulting 
If it bled for thine and thee. 


Deem’st thou that no honour liveth 
Save in haughty breasts like thine? 

Think’st thou men, like dogs in spirit, 
At such blows but wince and whine? 


Often in the dangerous tempest, 
When the winds before the blast 
Surging charged like crested horsemen 
Over helm, and plank, and mast, 


He, and all his kin before him, 

Well have kept the cl-nsman’s faith, 
Serving thee in every danger, 
Shielding thee from harm and skaith. 


78 LOCH BUY. 


’Mid the glens and hills, in combats 


; And | 
Where the blades of swordsmen meet, F 
Has he fought with thee the Campbells, coeay 

ee ; With 
Mingling glory with defeat. 
Hid 
But as waters round Eorsa Deep 
Darken deep, then blanch in foam, Ran 
When the winds Ben More has harboured ; On thd 
Burst in thunder from their home, ‘ Whi 
NT 
So the brow fear never clouded Neath 
Blackens now “neath anger’s pail, Islan 
And the lips, to speak disdaining, Where 1 
Whiten at revenge’s call ! Rose 
Where t 
Pointe 
PART II. ~ Fruitful 
Waste 
Late, when many years had passed him, 
And the Chief’s old age begun, For the ; 
Seemed his youth again to blossom All the 
With the birth of his fair son. | Of the ar 
| Of the 
Late, when all his days had hardened 
Bed als Once fror 
Into flint his nature wild, WW 
Seemed it softer grown and kinder “ one 
; Northwar 
For the sake of that one child. 
Somerle 


LOCH BUY. 


And again a hunting morning 

Saw Loch Buy and his men, | } 
With his boy, his guests, and kinsmen, 

Hidden o’er a coppiced glen. 


Deep within its oaken thickets 
2 Ran its waters to the sea: 
od a On the hill the Chief lay careless, 
- While the child watched eagerly. 


"Neath them, on the shining Ocean, 
Island beyond island lay, 

Where the peaks of Jura’s bosom 
Rose o’er holy Oronsay. 


Where the greener fields of Islay 
Pointed to the far Kintyre, 
Fruitful lands of after-ages, 
Wasted then with sword and fire. 


For the spell that once had gathered 
All the chiefs beneath the sway 
Of the ancient Royal sceptre 
Of the Isles had passed away. 


Once from Rathlin to the southward, 
Westward, to the low Tiree, | , 
Northward, past the Alps of Coolin, at is 
Somerled 1uled land and sea. | | 


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LOCH BUY. 


Colonsay, Lismore, and Scarba, 
Bute and Cumrae, Mull and Skye, 

Arran, Jura, Lew’s and Islay 
Shouted then one battle-cry. 


But those Isles that, still united, 


Fought at Harlaw, Scotland’s might, 


Broken by their fierce contentions 
Singly waged disastrous fight. 


And the teaching of forgiveness, 
Grey Iona’s creed, became 

Not a sign for men to reverence, 
But a burning brand of shame. 


Still among the names that Ruin 
Had not numbered in her train, 
Lived the great Cian, proud as ever 
Of the race of strong Maclaine. 


And his boy, like her he wedded, 
Though of nature like the dove, 

Showed the eagle-spirit flashing 
Through her heritage cf love. 


Heir of all the vassals’ *.. nage 
Rendered to the grisly sire, 

He had grown his people’s treasure, 
Fostered as their heart’s desire. 


rr 


Tr 


LOCH BUY. 


Surely Safety guards his footsteps ; 
Enmity he hath not sown: 

Yet who stealthily glides near him, 
Whose the arm around him thrown P 


It is Eachan, who has wolf-like 
Seized upon a helpless prey ! 
Fearlessly and fast he bears him 

Where a cliff o’erhangs the bay. 


There, while sea-birds scream around them, , 
Holding by his throat the boy, 

Eachan turns, and to the father 
Shouts in scorn and mocking joy: 


“Take the punishment thou gavest, 
Give before all there a pledge 

For my freedom, or thy darling 
Dying, falls from yonder ledge. 


“Take the strokes in even number 
As thou gavest, blow for blow, 
Then dishonoured, on thine honour 

Swear to let me freely go.” 


Silent in his powerless anger 

Stood the Chief, with all his folk ; 
And before them all the ransom 
Was exacted stroke for stroke. 


ee nn Se Rea 


——— 


ee neseenement 


* 
SS ae = 


LOCH BUY. 


Then again the voice of vengeance 


Pealed from Eachan’s lips in hate: 


*‘ Childless and dishonoured villain, 
Expiation comes too late. 

“‘ My revenge is not completed !” 
And they saw in dumb despair 
How he hurled his victim downward 
Headlong through the empty air. 


Then they heard a yell of laughter 
As they turned away the eye ; 

And they gazed again where nothing 
Met their sight but cliff and sky ; 


For the murderer dared to follow 
Where the youthful spirit fled, 

To the Throne of the Avenger, 
To the Judge of Quick and Dead. 


we 


THE 


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sh 
When F 
the 
And vic 
the 
Alone c 
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For in 
cra 
Got gol 
gal 
Great F 
an 
A feast 
fol 
Upon © 
sm 
From |. 
ch 
Where 
he 


THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 


Now of the hard strait of the Feinne this legend’s verse 
shall tell : 

When Fionn’s men had fought and won, and ail with 
them was well, 

And victory on Erin’s shores had given spoil which 
they 

Alone could win whose swords of old were mightiest 
in the fray : 

For in those days the bravest hand, and not the 
craftiest brain, 

Got gold, and skill in gallant fight was found the surest 
gain. 

Great Fionn’s wont it was to give, when foes had bled 
and broke, 

A feast to nobles and to chiefs and all the humble 
folk : 

Upon the plain they sat, and ate the meat which 
smoking came 

From layers of stone, well laid on pits half filled with 
charcoal flame, 

Where ’neath the covering roof of turf that kept the 

heat aglow 


= 

Hi Be 
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fy 
2 ; 
( | 
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Me 

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ii 


84 THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 


The boar was quickly roasted whole, with many a 
stag and roe. 

And while the feast, with laugh and jest, gave careless 
time to most, 

Two watchers bold kept guard the while, and gazed 
o’er sea and coast— 

Two watchers good, and keenly eyed, sent out by 
Fionn to mark 

If danger rode upon the sea, with Norway’s pirate bark. 

Ful) well they watched, although behind they heard 
the shouted song, 

And knew the wine was bathing red the fair beards of 
the strong, 

While chanted verse, and music’s notes, arose upon 
the air, 

And the briny breeze itself half seemed a savoury steam 
to bear ; 

Nor left their post, when from the clouds the hail- 
stones leaped to ground, 

And plaids were wrapt o’er shoulders broad, and o’er 
deep chests were wound. 

But Fionn’s plaid untouched lay yet upon the earth 
outspread, 

And white it grew as lichened rock, or Prophet’s hoary 
head. 

“Oh would it were all ruddy gold, there lying thickly 
strewn ; 

What joy were ours to share alike, and bear away each 
stone.” 


= 


And la 
twa 
Their c 
the 
But whe 
ca 
And fo 
the 
Sore an 


pric 
They m 


and 
When t 
faré 
Runs fr 
self 
They sv 


aw: 
And sal 
her 
Their fa 
All 
To melt 
les: 
She flec 
| lan 
She troc 
Great I 
to 


THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 85 


And laughingly each filled his hands, forgetful of the 
twain, 

Their comrades good, on guard who stood to watch 
the moor and main. 

But when‘ their lonely vigil o’er, they, Roin and Aildé, 
came, 

And found how little friendship counts, when played 
the spoiler’s game, 

Sore angered that no hand for them had set apart a 
prize, 

They murmured. ‘“ With such men of greed all faith 
and kindness dies! 

When thus they deal with us in peace, how shall we 
fare when blood 

Runs from the wounds to blind the eyes to aught but 
selfish good ?” 

They swore that they forgotten thus were better far 
away, 

And sailed to Lochlin’s distant shore, and served in 
her array. 

Their fame was great in Norway’s realm, and love for 
Aildé came 

To melt the heart of Norway’s queen, a sudden quench- 
less flame. 

She fled with Aildé from the King, and soon on Scot- 

_ land’s coast 

She trod, a messenger of ill, a danger to the host. 

Great Eragon, far Lochlin’s King, was not the man 

to know 


86 THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 


The blood mount hot at insult’s stroke without an 
answering blow, 

His dragon keels were rolled to waves that shouted 
welcome loud 

To glittering helm and painted shield beneath each 
spar and shroud. 

Oh! strong was Eragon in war, in battle victor oft, 

From many a rank, from many a mast his banner 
streamed aloft ; 

With forty ships he set to sea, and scores of glancing 
oars 

Streaked white his wake on fiord and loch along the 
echoing shores. 

The Shetland Islands saw them pass, where on the 
tides, their sails 

Shone like a flight of mighty swans, fast borne on 
wintry gales : 

Hoarse as the raven’s note their oath rang over all 
the seas, 

False Fionn’s host should bend and break before the 
Northern breeze. 

And southward, onward still they steered, and up Loch 


Leven bore, 

As you may know, for one great ship was lost upon 
the shore : 

The sunken rock on which she drove and inlet where 
she lay 


Were called the Galley’s Crag and Port, and bear the 
name to-day. 


Shouk 
O 

Their 
Ss) 

When 
n 


THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE, 87 


n They left her, taking all her crew, and landing near 
Glencoe, 

d On level ground their tents were set, thick planted 
row on row. 

h 


To Fionn of the Feinne that day, King Eragon sent 


word, 

r To yield him homage or abide the hard doom of the 
sword ; | 

z But grievous then was Fionn’s strait, for thrice a thou- 
sand men, 

= His best and bravest, far away were hunting hill and 
glen. 

: The wives, the old and feeble folk alone were left, and 
these 

" He gathered, asking how to blind the strangers of the 
seas P 

l Then gave they counsel: “We are weak. By thee 


must peace be sought, 
E’en though with massy store of gold the boon to-day 
be bought ; 
And if all this do not avail,” they said, ““O Fionn, 
thou 
Shouidst yield thy daughter as the price, our ransom 
on her brow!” 
Their messenger then offered these before the set of 
sun ; 
: When flamed the wrath from Norway’s King: ‘I ask 
not what I’ve won, 


88 THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 


Your master stands before you now, my vengeance is 
my own ; 

For Aildé’s deed the Feinne as slaves in Norway shall 
atone.” 

Back went the messenger in haste, and sadly Fionn knew 

The threat was uttered by the strong, against the old 
and few. 

But homeward from the forest soon he saw each hero’s 
hound 

Come swiftly back, in front of all he saw his Oscar 
bound ; 

And when the foremost hunters came, he told their 
noble band 

How fight was sought with them this day upon the 
Northern strand. 

Then looked they for some ground whose strength 
would quickly hide and save 

Their little force, till gathering might gave fortune to 
the brave. 

They dug four trenches deep, where firs above the 
birches flung 

Red gnarléd limbs that glowed at eve the dark green 
plumes among ; 

There hidden silently they watched, while rugged, 
scarred, and high, 

Just at their rear a peak appeared to move against the 
sky. 

Steep were its rocky ledges, strewn with jagged stones 
that lay 


So loos 
wa 
While 
de 
Where 
md 
Such w 
we 
For suc 
we 
To the 
sult 
Alas, to 
nar 


They he 
hos 
His dau 
to 
And Fe 
tha 
Might c 
his 
For Fer 
col 
Till ten 
an 
Wealth 
his 


THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 89 


So loose one hand might send a mass on its resistless 
way, 

While from the neighbouring hills the mount was sun- 
dered by a glen, 

Where lightly crossed the grey cloud mists, but never 
mortal men. 

Such was the chosen fort. The Feinne into the trenches 
went ; 

¥or succour through all Alban’s realm their messengers 
were sent ; 

To the green slopes of deep Glencoe the warriors 
sunimoned came, 

Alas, too few to brave in fight the men of Norway’s 
name. 


They held long counsel, and the chief sent forth that 
hostage fair 

His daughter, with a chosen band, his words of peace 
to bear ; 

And Fergus, his young son, to speak on his behalf, 
that they 

Might change to love the king’s black thought, and all 
his wrath allay — 

For Fergus’ speech, like ivy wreath, o’er heart of rock 
could wind 

Till tender thoughts, like nestling birds, would come 
and shelter find. 

Wealth to awake the Northmen’s greed should weight 

his tempting word 


ROOTES YEN Ne TN 
See acer eee sbscatby oe 


P et ‘ Sat ia sy 
sfuains 
jesse aia iat a " ; 
arene Se : a “ Seon - 2 in ; 


90 THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 


For quaichs of gold, and precious belts, and magic stones 
which stirred 

The torpid blood of all disease to vigorous life once 
more, 

And fivescore mares of iron grey, and hunting hawks 
threescore, 

Were gifts to promise, with good herds, and cows with 
calves at side. 

They placed the maid upon a horse, and bade her 
boldly ride; 

With Fergus marching at her rein, his comrades close 
at hand, 

They came to where the fleet and camp thick covered 
sea and land. 


And halting there, young Fergus spake across a space 
of ground 

Unto the king, who foremost stood with mailéd men 
around; 

He offered all the tribute rich, and that fair lady proud. 

But when he ceased a silence fell, and then the answer 
loud 

In Eragon’s deep voice rang forth: “ Let Fionn bring 
me all, 

All that he hath on earth, and here let him before me 
fall, 

Him and his wife before me here upon the shore, that I 

May see them on their knees to me swear troth and 

fealty, 


While 4 
m 
To spat 
pa 


Then c 
yor 
Hath 
ho 
As e’er 
pra 
Nor shz 
She qu 
sto 
The sig 
bra 
The on: 
Then g 
we 
That A 
ma 
With se 
val 
And th 


Vv 


THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 9! 


While as they homage make I shall above them rear 
my blade 

To spare, or slay them at my feet, if so their debt be 
paid.” 


Then called in scorn the lady’s voice, ‘“‘ No, Eragon, 
your might 

Hath not across the broad salt seas brought such a 
host to fight 

As e’er shall cause my father’s knees to bend to you in 
prayer, 

Nor shall you ever call me bride, or spoil of Erin wear.” 

She quickly turned her horse and went, but Fergus 
stood and waved 

The signal banner for the chief, and for a while he 
braved 

The onset of the foe, and fought until the evening fell. 

Then gave the council their advice to Fionn. “It 
were well 

That Aildé should himself defy the king, and man to 
man 

With sevenscore ’gainst sevenscore contend before the 

van.” 

And thus they fought, and Aildé fell, and Eragon 
defied 

An equal band to equal fight, for great had grown his 
pride. 

Then paused and pondered Fionn long, and doubted 

whom to ask 


nen withe teeapitennden Beane re emer ettgtteeri® ‘at 
im aang 


hee 
} a h 
ae 
A aii 4 
ea 
i 
nie & 
| 
te 
i 
ee 


92 THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 


To lead in such a venture great, and dare so grave a 
task. 

But Goli, the son of Morna, named at Fionn’s call, went 
forth 

And matched with equal force, back drove the boasters 
of the North. 

And yet again a band as strong was overcome and 
made 

To own our heroes’ swords were best, when man to man 
arrayed ; 

But Eragon in fury cried his men should conquer yet. 

For eight days more aye sevenscore ’gainst sevenscore 
were Set, 

And when the blood had flowed in streams, to utter 
madness urged 

Against the trenches of the Feinne their baffled army 
surged. 


Then sparkled swords like gleams of light upon the 
ocean's spray 

When tossed aloft to wind and sun where battling 
currents play. 

In that fierce fray did Eragon the son of Morna greet, 

And, striking fast their mighty blades ascend and flash- 
ing meet ; 

Then sank the stranger king in death, and Goll sore 
wounded fell, 

Against the Northmen went the day ; and of their slain 

they tell 


That fi 
th 


Since t 
qu 


Note.- 
oral rec! 
of Islay. 


THE HARD STRAIT OF THE FEINNE. 93 


That from Glen Fewich to the shore they lay, and of 
the host 

So few escaped that galleys twain alone left Scotland’s 
coast. 

Nay, even they ne’er reached a port, so that in Norway 
none 

Could tell how Eragon revenged the deed by Aildé 
done. 

But sorrow came upon the Feinne ior all their strongest, 
dead ; 

And Fionn found that from that time his fortune waned 
and fled, 

For ne’er again in equal strength the Feinne in arms 
were seen 

Since the dark days of Aildé’s love, and Norway’s evil 
queen. 


Note.—This story was taken down by J. Dewar in prose from 
oral recitation in Gaelic in 1860. Translated by H. McLean, 
of Islay. It is rendered here nearly literally. 


TOBERMORY BAY. 
1588. 


In the vapour and haze on the ocean, 
Where the skies and the waters meet, 

There’s a form that drifts, phantom-like, onward 
As it follows the grey clouds’ feet. 


O’er the sea come the winds and the billows, 
And they howl to the rocks, and they cry, 
They will bring them a wreck on the morrow, 

Ere the joy of the tempest die. 


The shade looming dark in the distance 
Is naught but a galleon proud ; 

And the spray has long battered her turrets, 
And loosened each yard and each shroud ; 


But not on the surf-beaten islands, 
Nor yet upon Morven’s land, 
Does she drive, for her rudder, unshattered, 
Is firm in the steersman’s hand, 


TOBERMORY BAY. 1588. 


No mist wreath, no cloud, was the shadow 
That moved on the height of the seas ; 

Like a castle how steep are her bulwarks, 
Her spars like a forest of trees! 


She is safe from the gales for a season, 
In the shelter and calm of the sound ; 
A harbour named after the Virgin, 
The “ Well of Our Lady” she found. 


She may rest in that haven, hill-girdled, 
Near the shade of the woods on the shore, 

Where the hush of the forest is deepened 
By the waterfail’s song evermore. 


How grandly her masts rise to heaven, 
‘How glitters the blest Mary’s form, 
High placed o’er the stern, and upholding 
The Prince of our Peace through the storm! 


Now waters their orisons murmur 
As they fold her bright robes to their breast, 
Where they mirror the galleried windows, 
And the flag and the face of the Blest. 


Again with that sign and the banner 

Of the gold and the crimson of Spain, 
Shall this ship front the foes of the Virgin, 
And the English be chased from the Main. 


Oa ea ey aie aoe Le saa . 


96 TOBERMORY BAY. 1588. 


| Yes, again on the heretic Saxon 

Her cannon shall thunder in scorn, 

44 Till in triumph through insolent England 
Shall the Faith and King Philip be borne. 


But the rows of dark mouths that have spoken 
Defiance with sulphurous breath, 

Glisten black, stretching forth in the silence, 
And in vain ask the presence of death. 


Yes, repose and surcease of all hazard, 
A truce to all war for a time! 

The cliffs and the pines only echo 
The laugh of a sunnier clime. 


And gaily the dark-visaged seamen 
Quaff, cursing the mists and the rain ; Ca 

Gravely drinking from goblets of silver 
Sits their chief, Don Fereija of Spain.* 


Be 
But the souls of the men to whose nostrils 
Had risen the smoke of the fight, Ur 
* This galleon was said to have been “ The Florida,” com- 
manded by Don Fereija. A search at Madrid among the 
archives shows that the only vessel named the “ Florida” in Sw 


the Armada, was a small ship which came safely back to Sant- 
ander Roads after the destruction of the fleet. No commander 
had the name assigned to the captain of the vessel sunk at Th 
Tobermory. The identity of this galleon remains, therefore, a 

mystery. 


TOBERMORY BAY. 1588. 


Soon tired of the shore and of slumber, nd 
Soon yearned for the red battle light. ii| a 


And courtesy fled from the weary, 
From idleness arrogance grew ; 

And all they received as a favour 
They haughtily claimed as their due. 


Then answered the Islesmen in anger, 
‘The food you demand as your own, 

By our people’s free :.vour long given ee i i 
Shall be bought by your gold now alone.” a 


* Now, down with the savage’s envoy, 3 Le | 
Set sail and away on our track ! Ag 

Carthagena’s sweet girls shall deride him, 
And jeer the red locks on his back.” 


bp ts i 
dagelak eve Fee 
; is 


Below, in the dark narrow spaces, fi 
The Islesman gropes, down in the hold ; on 

Unnoticed, and one among many ; 
What harm can his hatred unfold ? 


Swarm the men to the rigging, and swiftly 
Shine clouds of white canvas, and clank 
The links of the anchor’s great cable, 


Creaks, trampled on ck, every plank: 
G 


98 TOBERMORY BAY. 1588. 


Swings round the huge bowsprit, and slowly 

uh With motion majestic and free, 

i The galleon, vast, gilded, and mighty, 
Passes on, passes forth, to the sea. 


Her colours still paint all the ripples, 
Repeated her banners all seem, 

Her sails, and her gold, and her cannon 
Float on like a gorgeous dream. 


Came a flash, and a roar, and a smoke-cloud 
Rushed up, and spread far o’er the sky ; 
Sank a wreck, black, and rugged, and blasted, 
While the sound on the winds swept by. 


And the mountains sent back the dull thunder 

As though to all time they would tell A 
The vengeance that pealed to the Heavens 
From the Harbour of “ Mary’s Well.” 


Lie thn Si a SS: ta id wt SIN Wey 
isle Cap alin ii lacreipapsas aa - 


LOCH UISK, ISLE OF MULL. 


Yon vale among the mountains, yl 1a, 
So sheltered from the sea, 
That lake which lies so lonely, 
Shall tell their tale to thee. 


Here stood a stately convent 


Where now the waters sleep, ae : 4 fc 
Here floated sweeter music a a an 
Than comes from yonder deep. ae 

Above the holy building 3} 
The summer cloud would rest, ae | . 


And listen where to heaven eet 
Rose hymns to God addressed ; Hap be i 44 

For the hills took up the chanting, a | 
And from their emerald wall 


; aes wn ee 


The sounds they loved, would, lingering, 
In fainter accents fall. 


Hard by, beside a streamlet | a 
Fast flowing from a well, 7 

A nun, in long past ages, 

Had built her sainted cell : 


100 


LOCH UISK. 


To her in dreams ’twas given 
As sacred task ani charge, 
To keep unchansed for ever 


The bright Spring’s mossy marge. 


“ Peace shall with joys attendant 
For ever here abide, 

White reverently and faithfully 
You guard its taintless tide.” 


And when she knew her spirit 
Was summoned to its rest, 
To all around her gathered 
She gave that high behest ; 
And many followed after 
To seek the life she chose, 
Till, like a flower, in glory 
The cloistered convent rose. 


Through Scotland’s times of bloodshed, 


Of foray, feud, and raid, 
Their home became the haven 


Where storm and strife were stayed. 
Men blessed each dark-robed Sister, 


And thought an angel trod, 


Where walked in love and meekness 


A lowly maid of God! 


Right happy were they, lighting 
With love those days of doom ; 


LOCH UISK. 


For heart need ne’er ve darkened 
By any garment’s gloom. 
Yes, often life thereafter 
Was here with gladness crowned, 
For, sad as seemed their vesture 
The peace of God was found, 
His holiness in beauty 
Made every trial seem 
A rock that lies all harmless 
Deep hidden in a stream. 
While life was pure there never 
Was wish in thought to gain 
The world, where far behind them 
The black nuns left their pain; 
And time but flew too quickly 
O’er that friend-circle small, 
Where each one loved her neighbour, 
And God was loved of all. 


Still from its beauteous chalice, 
That well’s unceasing store 
Poured forth, through whispering channels, 

The crystal load it bore. 
Hope seemed to bring the fountain 

To seek the light of day ; 
Faith made it bright ; Obedience 
Smoothed, hallowing, its way. 


te Re eR inlaid 


102 


LOCH UISK. 


Full many a gorgeous Summer 
Woke heather into bloom, 

And oft cold stars in Winter 
Looked on a Sister's tomb ; 

Before the joy had withered 
That virtue once had nursed ; 

Before their Lord and Master 
Grew love for things accursed. 

Lo! then the stream neglected 
Forsook its wonted way ; 

In stagnant pools, dark-tainted, 
Its wandering waters lay. 


There choxed by moorland ridges, 
Black with the growth of peat, 
Beneath the quaking surface 
The fetid floods would meet ; 
Till rising, spreading ever 
Above the chalice green 
Of that fair Well, they covered 
The place where it had been. 
Then, near the careless convent, 
Within the hill’s deep shade, 
The Fate which works in silence 
A lake had slowly made. 
As evil knows not halting 
When passions strongly flow, 
So daily deeper, deeper 
Would those dark waters grow; 


LOCH UISK. 


Till on an awful midnight, | 
When red the windows flamed th 
And song and jest and revel 
The Vesper hour had shamed, 
And wanton sin dishonoured 
The time Christ’s birth had crowned, 
They burst their banks in darkness, 
And with their raging sound 
The rocks of all the valley ‘ 
Rung for a few hours’ space ; 
Then the wide Loch at morning 
Reflected heaven's face. 


Few voices now are heard there, ee Hl 
Around the wild deer feed ; Pe ae a 
And winds sigh loud in Autumn Hare a 
Through copse, and rush, and reed. | a 
Men say that when in darkness ee 
They pass the water’s verge, bee 3 f 
Each hears, mid sounds of revel Hila e eat 
The “ Miserere’s ” dirge ; | ie t a 
That faintly, strangely, ever | gee 


Upon the Loch’s Cark breast, 
Beneath, above, around it 
Shine lights that never rest. 


Of all such ghastly phantoms, 
Bred of the night and fear, 


LOCH UISK. 


By hope of our salvation 

None meets the noontide clear ! 
The blue sky’s tender beauties 

Upon the strong floods shine, 
As God's eternal mercy 

Dwells with His might divine! 
Pure as their mystic fountain 

They sleep and flow unstained, 
Although the hue of sorrow 

Hath in their depths remained. 


The swallow, swiftly passing 
Flies low to kiss the wave 
When rippling gently over 


Some pure saint’s holy grave: 
The hunter’s eyes discover 
Beneath those waters still 
The walls of that proud convent, 
Where God hath worked His will. 


THE LADY’S ROCK. 


A BROTHER’s eye had seen the grief Ses ug a de 
y wv 


That Duart’s lady bore ; , a. ie 
His boat with sail half-raised flies down ts ai ‘ 
The sound by green Lismore. qa ra 4 
Ahaladah, Ahaladah! aie 
Why speeds your boat so fast ? ; | 
No scene of joy shall light your track Fda it 
Adown the spray-strewn blast. ; a ; 4 
ae 
The very trees upon the isle : i be ci 
Rock to and fro, and wail ; a ioe a 
The very birds cry sad and shrill, : ee | f 
Storm driven, where you sail; ee : | i 


© when for yon dim mainland shore 
You launched your keel to start li 

You knew not of the load ’twill bear, 
The heavier load your heart. 


See what is that, which yonder gleams, 
Where skarts alone make home ; 

Is that but one oft-breaking sea, 

Some frequent fount of foam? 


1 aaa et ew nn rst vate eek na! res bs abs (mC MM ln ee eae 


106 


THE LADY’S ROCK. 


The morn is dark and indistinct, 
Is all through drift and cloud ; 
Around the rock white waters toss, 

As flaps in wind a shroud. 


It cannot be a leaping jet, 
Nor form of rock or wave 

There stands some being saved by God 
In mercy from the grave ! 

** Down with the sail, out oars! the boat 
Can reach the leeward side : 

Mother of Heaven ! look you, men, 
Where breaks that roaring tide.” 


* A living woman, do I dream 
Or stands my sister there, 
Where only at the middle ebb 
The shelving ledge is bare ?” 
O white as surf that sweeps her knee, 
She falls, but not to die; 
Ahaladah is at her side, 
He bears her up on high. 


Away from Duart now he steers ; 

Why curses he its lord ; 
Why flee to Inveraray’s strength, 

As though he feared his sword ? 
Proud triumph’s notes were often heard 
Where Aray’s waters sing, 


W 


Of 


THE LADY’S ROCK. 


And mourners there have often wept 
The slain for faith and king. 


But never would that lady’s lips 
There speak her grievous woe, 
Though in her chamber in the night 
Her frequent tears would flow. 
She dreamt of wrong where love was sought, 
Of crafty cruel eyes, 
Of one steep stair, of grasping hands 
That stifled piteous cries ; 


Of wind which tore the hissing waves, 
And howled o’er mountains bare ; 
Where swollen burns in feathery clouds 
Were dashed into the air. 
Of one wet rock, of horror wild, 
When she was left alone, 
Till madness seemed to whelm her thought 
And, with a shuddering moan, 


Again she heard the surges rush, 
And, where she shrinking turned, 
The seaweed there, like woman’s hair, 
The murderous billows spurned. 
Again the night and wind were joined 

To mock her hope of aid, 
Till shrieking, she awoke, where once 
She slept a happy maid. 


PEA IRV ARH 
ragienpe oyoteesptie Haart naires 
Sp Mein ssaabeas Yates, Piha roe 


108 


THE LADY’S ROCK. 


But none would she accuse, and dumb 
Rebuked the vengeance call, 

Till one dark eve at supper-time 
Within the old dim hall, 

She heard some whisper, and she saw 
Her brother leave his place, 

Go forth, and entering, beckon out 
A band, with stern set face. 


Again he came, and o’er her bent, 
And whispered “Sister dear, 

Let fall your veil about your head, 
Nor tremble when you hear 

That Duart comes in mourner’s guise! 
Lo, there he takes his seat. 

Chief, tell us why your mien is sad, 
When friends and kinsmen meet ?” 


“My woes are great, my wife lies dead, 
But yester week these hands 

Closed her sweet eyes, and now I bring 
Her body to your lands.” 

Then was the arras drawn aside 
And girt with wake lights drear, 

Beneath the archway’s carven vault, 
Was borne a white-crossed bier. 


And Duart rose ; his shifting eye 
Moved like a marsh-fire pale, 


THE LADY’S ROCK. 


But circling back, still restless scanned 
The lady of the veil. 

Then through the silence broke a voice, 
‘¢ Know you that lady, chief ? 

She too, a guest with us, like you, 
Well knows the pangs of grief. 


You come from far, bring wine.” To each 
The ruddy goblet passed. 

The lady raised her hand, and back 
The heavy veil she cast. 

Strong Duart reeled as from a stroke ; 
He stared as at the dead: 

How could her glance o’er that dark face 
Such deathly palor spread ? 


‘Your play is out, ah cursed fiend !” 
Ahaladah cried loud ; 

“Your death shall be no phantom false, 
No empty mask your shroud: 

If hospitality’s high law 
Here shields your life awhile, 

By all the saints you yet shall feel 
The vengeance of Argyll.” 


In Edinburgh Duart’s Lord 

Strides down the shadowed town ; 
The white moon glints on roofs o’erhead, 
And on St. Giles’s crown. 


IIo THE LADY’S ROCK. 


Another step is on the street, 

The watchmen hear no cry ; 
But drenched in blood lies Duart, where 
Ahaladah passed by. 


THE POOL OF THE IRON SHIRT. 


Coun, Chief of Diarmid’s kin, * 


Strode alone to Ederlinn. et 
FS f : 
Night, and heath, and deep morass [Le Paes 
, j : $F fe 
Hear the chain-mailed warrior pass. oo 4 
oe 


Ambushed lay the treacherous foe, a praee 
Ear to earth, and dart on bow. = 


Vain their arrows’ ringing hail 
Fell on pointed helm and mail. 


rt 


As he backward leaped, there flew | | 
Moonlight down the sword he drew. ee 


aE 


In his front the lonely man 
Saw approach the hostile van : 


Near him on the moor a tarn ; 
On a knoll a wattled barn. 


112 THE POOL OF THE IRON SHIRT, 


Refuge bad, yet near its door 
Sank the hot pursuit’s uproar. 


For, unsheathed his battle brand, 
There they saw great Colin stand. 


Dauntless cried he: ‘* Here within 
Rest I, then to Ederlinn !” 


Yelled the circling hounds in ire, 
Set the woven wall on fire. 


Sword in hand he stood, the light 
Gleaming on his limbs of might. 


Like a cloud-built column high, 
Red, in sunset’s flaming sky. 


All too hot for mortal frame 
Glowed his armour, wrapped in flame. 


Hidden by the wreaths of smoke, 
Hewing through the wall, he broke, 


a Felling seven, onward sped 
; Plunging through the lake’s reed-bed. 


Hiss the waters where he springs, 
Hatred’s yell again forth rings. 


THE POOL OF THE IRON SHIRT. 


But he throws his mail away, 
Dives, and darkness hides his way. 


Smiling hears their lessening din ; 
Onward strides to Ederlinn. 


Ages since have passed, yet still 
Tales recount his dauntless will. 


** Pool of the Iron shirt,” thy name 
Keeps, in Erse, the hero’s fame. 


Look you, race of ancient Gael, 
Never let such memories fail ! 


Set them far o’er gems and gold, 
For your sons to have and hold. 


Steadfast Will its goal shall win. 
Fairer e’en than Ederlinn! 


INVERAWE. 


Does death cleanse the stains of the spirit 
When sundered at last from the clay, 

Or keep we thereafter till judgment, 
Desires that on earth had their way ? 

Bereft of the strength which was given 
To use for our good or our bane, 

Shall yearnings vain, impotent, endless, 
Be ours with their burden of pain? 


Though flesh does not clothe them, what anguish 
Must be known in the world of the dead, 
If the future lies open before them, 
And fate has no secret unread. 
And yet, oh how rarely our vision 
May know the lost presence is nigh; 
How seldom its purpose be gathered, 
Be it comfort, or warning to die! 


With mute or half-breathed supplication 
Permitted to utter their prayer, 


TI 


INVERAWE. 


Demanding earth’s justice, but ever 
Poor phantoms of mist and of air ; 

If in aught our belief may be certain : 
Where founded on witness of man, ae 

They come; and no tomb e’er imprisoned 
The shade when corruption began. 


They come: and oh swiftly they follow 
The track of the murderer vile ; 

He is haunted for ever; his refuge 
A hell on far ocean or isle! . Be 

Though he fly as once fled from Barcaldine ) ye 
Young Donald’s assassin, to claim 

Guest-right, where all mercy a treason 
To kinship and justice became. 


““Inverawe, Inverawe, give me shelter, 
I have shed a man’s blood in a fray ; 
Oh swear that you will not betray me, 

By your dirk, by the dear light of day!” 
And the prayer in his kindness he answered, 
But aghast heard the voices that cried ; 
“Your cousin lies slain! Can a stranger 

Have passed by the steep river side ?” 


ish 


Then bound by his oath he deceived them ; i ' 
But night brought a dream full of fear, | 

His cousin’s pale image stood o’er him, 

Came a voice he had loved to his ear: 


116 


INVERAWE., 


“‘Inverawe, Inverawe, give no shelter 


To the man by whom blood has been shed :” 


And he went to his guest, saying, “‘ Leave me, 
I obey the dear voice of the dead.” 


** By your oath, by the light of God’s heaven 
Your word has been passed for your guest.” 
“Then sleep in the cave in the mountain, 
If Donald allow you to rest!” 
Again shone the vision more awful, 
Ere the hours of the darkness had fled ; 
“Inverawe, Inverawe, give no shelter 
To the man by whom blood has been shed.” 


But empty the cave was at morning, 
When searched for the murderer’s trace, 

And the ghost came again in the darkness, 
The gore on its breast and its face. 

‘“Inverawe, Inverawe,” again whispered 
The shade of the echoless feet, 

“My blood has been shed, I await thee, 
At Ticonderoga we meet.” 


And often in wonder repeated 
That warning to many was known, 
The strangely named place for the trysting 
Men said was in dreamland alone ; 
“Why cherish a dismal illusion ? 
War summons gay hearts to the strife : 


W 


And 


INVERAWE. 


All share in the prizes of glory, 
The chances of death or of life.” 


In camp, on the march, in the battle, Bi | at 
His thought would repeat evermore, } 

*‘ At the place fore-ordained in the vision | ht 
I shall pass to the Dark River’s shore.” rt i 

And often awaiting the summons, | a ah 
He asked for the wild Indian name, 

When curled o’er American hamlets pee | 
The smoke from the guns’ sudden flame. ated 


The forest one evening was silent 
As though in the calm of a trance 
Yet within it two armies were resting, 
The soldiers of Britain and France. 
Our Highlanders slumbered, march-wearied, 
Their sentries at watch in the wood: ee | 
Behind their long lines of entrenchment 
The French in their bivouacs stood. 


‘“‘Inverawe, take your sleep ere the morning, 
When our praise or our death shall be sung,” 
A comrade cried ; “soon for Carillon 
A chime that is new shall be rung !” : : yl s 
But the air of that night of midsummer Leal 
Seemed chilly, and sleep fled away ; 
And he wandered to where, near Carillon, 
The charge would be sounded at day. 


INVERAWE. 


To the North a pale ray of Aurora Si 
Shot white o’er the black forest spars, 
A lake through the pines sofily gleaming R 


Lay calm in the radiance of stars. 

It seemed a sweet heaven, whose brightness J 
Life’s dark prison-bars could not hide : 

As he gazed, lo, he thought that a figure 


Advanced from that silvery tide. E 

Distinct as a luminous shadow, | A 
It moved in the starlight alone, 

Till it came to him close, and he shuddered, Th 
For the face that he saw was his own! 

The cloak of the dread apparition Hi: 
His own, but bedabbled in blood ! 


Inverawe stretched his hand, but the spectre 
Had vanished like mist in the wood. 


To the fires of his comrades returning, 
“ Ah! friends, you deceived me,” he said ; 
‘‘Why conceal from my ears that Carillon 
Has the name that was named by the dead? 
"Tis Ticonderoga, the fortress 
We march on the morrow to storm, 
Where Death and the Phantom stand watching 
The hour when our column shall form.” 


The morn brought the hell of the onset, 
When bayonet and Highlanders’ blade 


INVERAWE. 119 


Sank crushed where the trenches were flashing 
In the roll of the long fusillade. 

Repulsed ! O how sadly at night-fall 
The remnant was gathered and told ! 

Ig silence they thought of the wounded, 
And mourned the brave hearts that were cold. 


Ere thundered again the dim battle 
Saluting the deathless in God, 

A truce found that Leader ail gory, 
Yet gasping his breath on the sod. 

They bore him to camp, where around him 
They pressed as he beckoned in pain: 

His voice seemed a breath in the forest, 

‘“‘T die—I have seen him again.” 


AN ISLESMAN’S FAREWELL. 


AH! must we part, my darling? 
O let the days be few, 
Until your dear returning 
To one who loves but you ! 
Where’er your ship be sailing, 
Think on your own love true ; 
The back of the wave to you, darling, 
The back of the wa e to you! 


The witch, who oft at midnight 
Above Ben Caillach flew, 

Told me she dreamed no danger 
Athwart your vessel drew ; 

For you she said the breezes 
Aye strong and fairly blew ; 

The back of the wave to you, darling, 
The back of the wave to you! 


Ah! waiting here, and trembling 
When dark the water’s hue, 


AN ISLESMAN’S FAREWELL. 


I’ll long for the dear pleasure 
That in your glance I| knew ; 

And pray to Him who never 
Can lose you from His view. 

The back of the wave to you, darling, 
The back of the wave to you. 


at PRS Be ip inton SRR Gn mata HA en ey See 
y iP a 
ht ae Nag x BF igs alice pe 


PREFACE TO DIARMID’S STORY. 


Best beloved of ancient stories 
Are our Diarmid’s woes to me. 
Like a mist, by breezes broken, 
So this tale of olden glories 
Floats in fragments, as a token 
Of the song of Ireland’s sea. 


Through long centuries repeated 
Lived the legend told in Erse, 
But a change comes swift or slowly 
Fades the language, and defeated 
Flies the faith, once counted holy, 

Old-world ways, and oral erse. 


Not from men of note or learning 
May we gather now these tales, 
Heard beneath the cotter’s rafter, 
Or where smithy sparks are burning, 
Or at sea, when hushed the laughter 
Of the breeze on hull and sails. 


PREFACE TO DIARMID’S STORY. 


Then with Ossian’s rhythmic measure 
Comes upon the fancy’s sight, 
One with golden locks resplendent, 
Great and strong with eyes of azure, 
And, again in the ascendant, 
Magic reasserts her might. 


Nought can wound him, sword or arrow, 
Only powerless are the spells 

Where on the footsole implanted 

There is hid a birth-mark narrow, 

But this hero’s brow enchanted 
Every woman’s love compels. 


Woe to him, that she whose glances 
Won the king on Denmark’s shore, 

Evil, beautiful, imperious, 

Born where wheel the grisly dances 

Through the glen of ghosts mysterious, 
Love’s first passion for him bore. 


For she saw his forehead bending 
O’er the snarling dogs at strife 
At the wedding-feast of greeting ; 
And at dusk unto him wending, 
“Come,” she said, “let this our meeting 
Pledge my soul to thee for life.” 


Spirits ct eh ida cs el 
PR TTAAT A ANd es aspera Aine: ges 
- ewe 
a 


z 


124 


PREFACE TO DIARMID’S STORY. 


‘If, O queen, we go together, 

Not with friends, nor yet alone 
Must thou be, nor sheltered eve:, 
Housed, nor braving wind and weather ; 
If on horse or foot, then never 

Can thy love to me be known!” 


Flight were shield and fence far surer 
’Gainst a wily woman’s ways 

Than the wit of man; for seated 

Ere the dawn, his fair allurer 

At his open door repeated 
All his words, with longing gaze. 


“Go with me, O Diarmid ; see me 
Not on horse, or foot ; with friends, 
Nor alone ; not night or morning 
Reigns: O come; thou wilt not flee me? 
Never lived a warrior scorning 

Every joy that loving lends!” 


Then at last by her caresses 
Into flight and guilt beguiled, 
Diarmid loathed his life, abiding 
In the caves’ or woods’ recesses, 
Like a thief or coward hiding, 
To his fate unreconciled. 


i 


PREFACE TO DIARMID’S STORY. 


Thus the mightiest magician 
Warped the true and loyal heart, 
And he fled with her, forsaking 
Friends and kinsfolk, while contrition 
Gnawed into his life’s days, making 
Sad his journey, hard his part. 


He, a fugitive, whose valiance 
Made the Feinne fair Erin’s boast ! 
Where the red cascade descended, 
Lovely Grinie’s evil dalliance 
Held him thrall as though were ended 
Noble warring with the host. 


He a slave! whose oaths had ever 
Bade him “champion the oppressed,” 

Pledged him to ‘‘ confound the clever, 

Aid the losing man’s endeavour, 

Be the first in fight, and never 
Heedless of the king’s behest.” 


Once upon a rock, tree-shrouded, 
Hungry they had climbed to eat 
Where the scarlet berries clustered : 
Suddenly below them crowded 
Dogs and huntsmen, ’til were mustered 
All the Feinne beneath their feet. 


126 


PREFACE TO DIARMID’S STORY. 


Fionn, then, their grim commander, 
Dreaming not his wife was near, 

Had a giant chess-board graven 

On the sod, and played; and under 

The green leaves which gave him haven 
Diarmid watched the game in fear. 


Oscar lost, with Fionn playing, 

Until Diarmid, from on high © 
Dropped the scarlet seeds to guide him, 
Thus his presence there betraying : 

And the friends of Fionn eyed him, 

Shouting, “ Thou shalt surely die!” 


But all Diarmid’s comrades for him 
Fought, each venturing his life: 
And amid the dread commotion 
Iled the twain, until before him 
To the peaceful sands of ocean 
Ran a woodland stream of strife. 


Dwelling on its banks he made him 
There the wooden bowls that none 

Fashioned with the dirk so deftly. 

But the chattering stream betrayed him: 

From the secret forest swi tly 

I‘lashed white shavings in the sun. 


PREFACE TO DIARMID’S STORY. 


Then the king cried, “ Grinie’s lover 
Near us hath his lurking place ! 

Sound the hunting horns around him! 

See if from the thickets’ cover 

By the ancient vows that bound him ca ; 


He shall come to join the chase!” b 
meh 
| a 
How the queen bore his upbraiding ; cre 
How his death in hunting came, ite A 


Tell the verses here translated : ; aa 
Lights are they, in transit fading, | 
Scattered sparks, oblivion fated, 

Memories from a mighty flame! 


GRINIE’S FLIGHT WITH DIARMID. 
(FROM THE GAELIC.) L 


THE Hern at early morning cries, 


Where at Sleve-gail the meadow lies. L 
Tl 

Say, Duin’s son, whom I love well, 

Canst thou thereof the reason tell P Sh 
TI 

O! Gormla’s daughter, thou whose sire 

Was named from tireless steeds of fire ; TI 
Or 


Thou evil-working one! thy feet 


All 
Tread treacherous ways of ice and sleet. W: 
Grinie! of lovelier hue than Spring Bu 
To flower, or bloom on bough can bring, Ha 
More fleeting far your love that flies Ye: 


Like the cold clouds of dawning skies. 


GRINIE’S FLIGHT WITH DIARMID. 129 


Because of thine ill-chosen part os 
My fortune’s firm set rivets start. ; ae a aq 


Yes, thine the deed, brought low to pain, wat 
My grievous woe thine only gain. 


From palaces of kings beguiled, at 
For ever outcast and exiled : et 


Like night-owl mourning, as she strays,. 
Her joy through dark and distant ways. pia 


Like timid hind or hunted deer, 
Through secret glens I tread in fear. 


Shunning the loving friends who hold 
The house of hosts so loved of old. 


Their forms shone glorious as the lights 
On the deep snows of frosted heights. 


All these I left—mine own—whose love 
Was generous as the Sun above. 


But they are now hate-filled as though Emp 
Hate’s sea would never ebbward flow. 


Yes, since beguiled by you I fled, 
Misfortune follows where I tread. 


130 


GRINIE’S FLIGHT WITH DIARMID. 


Lost now my white sailed fleet’s array, 
Through you my band is lost for aye. 


Gone all my wealth, my gems, my gold, 
All for the tale of love you told! 


To me my friends are lost, to me 
No more my country mine shall be. 


Lost are my men whom none e’er found 
Weak behind shield on battle ground. 


Lost is their kindness evermore 
The love for me the Feinne once bore. 


Lost to mine honour mine own right, 
Lost music’s joy and lost delight ; 


Erin and all I there have known, 
For your ill-omened love alone. 


Return I dare not,—may not,—-never 


Know their great friendship, gone for ever. 


More than the beast of sharpest beard 
My deed in hate by Fionn 1s feared. 


Yes, fairest Grinie, thou hast done 
Ill to thyself in love thus won. 


Thou, v 
And kin 


O Diarn 
Than the 
The sou 
Than all 


More bel 
Those ey¢ 
Ay, deare 
The great 


Love’s mz 
Than hon 
Ah, when 
Seemed tl 


My heart : 
Adoring tl 
And wert 
Not one d 


Oh! white 
Although i 
Yet stay, s 
Vowing ne 


ee ee $l eee 
Z eb a 


GRINIE'S FLIGHT WITH DIARMID. 131 


ser, eee 


Thou, winning hatred, wentst with me, 
And kingly joys were spurned by thee. Pe 


GRINIE. 


O Diarmid! O Diarmid! of face far more fair 
Than the new-fallen snow, or the hill flowret rare, oa 
The sound of thy voice was more dear to my breast 


Than all the bright satin the Fianti possessed. ao oS 
‘ , AL 

More belovéd to me is the hue of thine eyes, | ras dre 

Those eyes like the morning's bright dew of the skies, ee 


Ay, dearer to me than all strength or all gold 
The great hall of the king of the Feinne shall e’er hold. 


Love’s mark is more sweet on thy beautiful brow 
Than honey that drops where the green grasses bow ; 
Ah, when I beheld it above me, how pale 

Seemed the glory and power of the Monarch of Fail. 


My heart seemed to fall as I looked at thy face, t 
Adoring thy might ever blended with grace, 

And wert thou not mine, to be gained to my side, 

Not one day in this world would my spirit abide. 


Oh! white-handed hero, so handsome, so strong, ee 
Although it is I who have wrought all thy wrong, 

Yet stay, stay again with me, wife would I be, 

Vowing never on earth to be faithless to thee. 


132 GRINIE’S FLIGHT WITH DIARMID., 


DIARMID. 


Why love a woman mild in speech, 
And yet a traitoress to each ? 


GRINIE. 


’Twas misery sundered my life from the king’s, 

I left thee awhile, for love, torturing, stings ; 

Never more will I leave thee—my tender love round 
thee, 

Like fresh boughs for thy life, would have sheltered 
and crowned thee. 


DIARMID. 


Fulfil then thy word, though so faithless, how fair! 
Thy love, oh my Grinie, no giant shall share. 


/ote.—From Gaelic verse, printed by J. F. Campbell, Esq., 
in “ Leabhar na Feinne.” 


THIS vale 
Where de 
Of old sa 
In the st 


List if you 
Of gentle 
Of him w. 
And sorrc 


Loved Os 
But sees u 
Such strai 
Though d. 


* Taken 
Written dow 


Spa Pa Sag Ee eS ceanaiemerss| — 
a Seat ae? 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR* 


7 = 2 en 

und OssIAN. | 
Tus vale of Peace, this glen close by, ) Fy 
cred Where deer and elk would ofien cry, oreo ah al 


Of old saw the fleet-footed Fianti bound 
In the strath of the west as they followed the hound. 


r! List if you wish to hear a lay meted |e 
Of gentle folks long passed away, 
Of him who was Prince ; of Gulban’s blue hill, 


And sorrow-cursed Diarmid’s sad legend of ill. 
Sq.» 


AUDIENCE. ee 
Loved Ossian, sweetest voiced, what dav A 
But sees us listeners to thy lay? siege neat 
Such strains from no birds of the shoreland can float, He leg 


Though dawn give each leaf in the woodland a note. i 


* Taken from “ Leabhar na Feinne,” and a prose version 
written down from oral recitation by J. Dewar. 


134 THE DEATH UF THE BOAR. 


OSSIAN. 
My own good king was hunting gone, 
They whom no deerlike terror won, 
His Feinne, through the secret glens followed, and we 
Descended the slopes that lead down to the sea. 


Then saw our own great king, whose word 

The Feinne, the brave, obeying heard, 

A nine folded shaving of wood brightly curled, 
Shining white, as to seaward the swift waters swirled. 


He grasped it, scanning it, the coil 

Hid five feet and a span of soil ; 

Then loudly he cried, “ Ah, Diarmid is here, 

No swordsman of Cormac, but Diarmid is near !” 


In truth, my own gocd king then swore 

To break his fast and drink no more, 

Until were unearthed the vile face of his foe, 
If the caves of all Erin should refuge bestow. 


Our hounds we sent, and shouting went 

Where o’er the vales the branches bent ; 

The wild-cat we chased from the glens, that the cheer 
And cries of our hunting might fall on his ear. 


He who was never weak in fight 

Heard the loud voices strike the height ; 
To Grinie he cried, ‘‘ Though the hounds do not bay, 
I wait not their voice, to the hunt I’ll away.” 


O Diar 
That hu 
Where g 
Thou k 


Ere hou 
To ever 
And sha 
To lose : 


Then do\ 
To the fa 
And glad 
Came aid 


Where 0’ 
Were hau 
And fine ) 
Where oft 


There Gri 
"Twas ther 
Command 
To watch 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


GRINIE. 


O Diarmid! wait until they cry, 

That hunting shout is but a lie, 

Where grieves for his wife Cuall’s son, there for thee 
Thou know’st thy peril for ever must be. 


we 


DIARMID Cee 


Ere hounds can open on the scent, Tei i 
To every chase my steps are bent, 
And shame were it now for the king’s evil will ae? 
To lose a good hunt as it sweeps o’er the hill. | eee 


OSSIAN. 


Then down came Diarmid to the vale, 
To the famed sons of Innisfail, 
And glad was the king, for his foe in his sight 


Came aidless and powerless to baffle his might. atk 


BT Suey BS 


Where o’er his red straths Gulban soars, Laas ; _| wat 

Were haunts well loved by savage boars, ee ae 
eer And fine were the knolls on the blue mountain’s face, 

Where oft for King Fionn resounded the chase, 


There Grinie’s love brought her to shame, 
"Twas there the king, with cheeks of flame, 
ay, i Commanded the hunt, and ’twas there Diarmid stood 
‘To watch for the boar if he broke from the weod, 


i 
§ 
ws 
ei 
ck 
Ht 
e | 
ne 
i 
+ 
4 
; 


136 THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


Deceit a grievous evil wrought! 

The monster’s ear our tumult caught ; 

He moved in the glen, as from east and from west, 
The shouting grew louder as nearer we pressed. 


Envenomed, old, rage-filled, his jaw 
Foamed as his eyes the heroes saw, 
And faster he went, his strong bristles and mane 
Erect, sharp as darts, strong as wood of the plain. 


Fligh reeds that fringed a marsh he found,— 
Turned on the dogs all baying round, 

And killed in a moment the bravest, and glared 
As though to the combat thetr master he dared. 


FIONN. 


A huge old boar hastes yonder, mark 

Of wounding full and bloodstains dark, 

Now follow yourself, noble Diarmid, there goes 
A monster of evil and terrible woes. 


OSSIAN. 


As quick his way the warrior took, 

No trembling hand the javelin shook, 

And hurrying fast as he closed with the boar 
He rushed as in floodtide the wave to the shore. 


Shot gl 
Straight 
But spl 
The sha 


The sw 
That vi 
Then di 
Unwea 


But gloc 


For fro1 
He saw 
A conqt 


fle saz 
Deep-rin 
And hea 
That vai 


But Dia 
Lo prais 
That pre 
Whose 


A dart i 
Among t 


And non 
The poin 


* The ° 


from J. De 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


Shot gleaming from white hand the spear, 
Straight through the flank its path to shear, 

But splintering there, left the head buried deep ; 
The shaft fell in three as it whirred o’er the steep. 


The sword, the olden, he unsheathed 
That victory in each battle breathed, 
Then died the great beast on its blade’s dripping length ; 
Unweakened, unharmed rose the youth in his strength. 


But gloom the monarch’s heart oppressed, 


For from the hillside to the west, un 
He saw how fair Diarmid, unhurt by the tooth, | aed 
A conqueror stood in the beauty of youth. eee 
Fle saw the Feinne’s loud wondering band,* 

Deep-ringed around the carcass stand, 

And heard as they praised the good courage and might : 
That vanquished so soon the grim beast in the fight. ? 
But Diarmid went apart, lest he ch ee 


To praise of self should listener be ; 
That praise was to Conan’s vile envy a sting, 
Whose eye looked for gain to the hands of the king. 


A dart in deadly poison dipped 

Among the rough black hair he slipped, 

And none could have seen where the bristles derlaid 
The point firmly set of the venomous blade. 


* The verses in italics are from the prose version received 
from J. Dewar. 


138 THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


Then silent long, the king at last 

Spake, all his thought to hatred cast, 

“Q Diarmid, now measure the Boar, snout to heel, 

What length on the ground may the dark hide 
conceal ?” 


What man among the Feinne e’er saw 

The youth from friend or foe withdraw ? 

He measured the back barefooted, and passed 
Unharmed down the rugged spine, rigid and vast. 


FIONN. 


‘OQ youth, whose weapons wound so sore, 

I pray thee prove this yet once more, 

Whate’er thou desirest I’ll give thee, but see, 

From foot to the snout what the measurement be? ” 


OSSIAN. 


Again his sandals he unlaced, 

And ’gainst the hair he slowly paced, 

And bare was the foot where alone mortal harm 
Could strike his limbs guarded by magic and charm. 


There at one spot, life’s crimson well 

Was fenced by no enchanted spell. 

Ah! tf on that death-spot but one vein were rent, 
How staunchless the flow of life’s fountain unpent | 


And fe 
A keen 
For, pid 
Saw gla 


lig 


Full soa 
Ran lik 
Then s 

Whose 1 


His blos 
From so 
Ah, pite 
How the 


The che 
Which f 
Now bla 
Blue-sha 


A drink, 
One cup 
My bloo 
Oft kind 


de 


99 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


And fear was on him: as he stepped, 

A keen pang through his senses swept, 

For, pierced by the venomous bristle, his sight 

Saw gloom shroud the mountain, and darkness the 
light. 


Full soon the poison through his veins Et 
Ran like a fire with fever’s pains, ey | 
Then sank the bright locks of the warrior brave, 
Whose face bore in anguish the hue of the grave. 


His blood ran fast, as down a hill ‘ 
From some high spring a slender rill ; 

Ah, piteous it was on the brae to behold 

How the guileless youth lay in his torture untold. 


The cheek which shared the berry’s hue 
Which flushes red the hillside’s dew, : 
Now blanched, was as cold as a cloud when it lies | i 
Blue-shadowed at noon in the vault of the skies. i 


aod 


DIARMID. 


A drink, one drink, O Fionn, give, 
One cup to let me drink and live! 
My blood flows so fast, give me drink from the spring, 
Oft kind were thy words, the good words of a king! 


140 THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


FIONN. 


No! not one cup your lips shall drain, 

To quench your thirst, to cool your pain! 

What good is your life to me? what has it won, 

That the deed of one hour has not more than undone ? 


DIARMID. 


Not mine the wish to cause you care, 

In East or West, not here or there ! 

But Grinie’s the evil, when, captive, I found 
Her love but a shadow, her word but a sound! 


A drink, one drink, O Fionn, give, 

One cup to let me drink and live! 

My blood flows so fast, give me drink from the spring, 
Oft kind were thy words, the good words of a king. 


FIONN. 


No cup of mine your lips shall drain 

To quench your thirst, to cool your pain, 

What good is your life, can its fair deeds o’erpower 
The guilt of one act, and the curse ..f one hour? 


DIARMID. 


If you could think of Sween’s dread day — 
No! vain that memory passed away !— 


When 
In the 


When 
Of grat 
When t 
yo 
Came q 


And yet 
In Tar 

Not vai 
I fought 


And In 
From la 
I killed 
Hard di 


Remem 
Carbui | 
To the 
gaz 
Ah, Gul 


If know 
How sn; 
Their m 
The frie 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 141 


When fell the eight hundred and three, and my sword Rael 
In the narrow pass drank of their blood as it poured ! Mice 


When prisoned in the Rowan Hold, 
e? Of gratitude your words once told, 
When the white teeth were wounding your limbs, and ed 
your breath ar 


Came quick, for the fray brought you near unto death. 


And yet again your friend was I 

In Tara when the strife waxed high, ig 
Not vainly you sought in that hour for a friend, | 

I fought for thee, king, making Enmity bend: 


And Innse’s sons, the three, the brave, 
ng From lands far hidden by the wave: 
I killed them for thee, who oppressest me sore ; 


Hard died they, O ruthless one, washed in their gore! 


Remember Connell! see again eae 

Carbui front thee with his men, 

To the host of the Feinne see how threatening their 
gaze : 

Ah, Gulban, I burn, as I look on thy braes. 


If known to Oigé’s women fair fe ae 
How snared and trapped I here despair, | 
[heir mourning would rise, and their men would lament 
The friend whose sad eyes on Ben Gulban are bent. 


4 OP). wees 


a 


142 THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


I, Diarmid of Newry named, 

Of Connaught, of Béura famed— 

Foster son to that Angus of Brod whose stride 
Revealed the best man on the far mountain side :— 


‘““The Eagle of the Red Cascade ”»— 

“The blue-eyed Hawk whom no man stayed ”— 
They called me—‘ the strongest of all who could throw 
The stone, or the spear, at our game or our foe.” 


Then knew he, as his strength grew less 

That death would end his sore distress ; 

The Feinne stood around, and they pitied the man 
So weak, once the strongest who fought in thetr van. 


They searched for water, and they found 

A spring, clear-eyed, tn mossy ground, 

But cup had they none, and their hands, as they went, 
Let fall every drop ere ver Diarmid they bent. 


In bitterness of soul he thought, 

“ They mock me, now that Iam naught, 

Your kind hands all leak! of your deed men shall tell, 
The ‘ spring of holed palms’ shall they name yonder well. 


Yet would Task you, now I aie, 

To lay me where the stream flows by 

The water of Lunnan, for there in my grave 
Ll hear, though I see not, tts cold shining wave. 


There p 
My G 

And w 
’Tis D 


Oh woe 
The vic 
I faint, 
With m 


Ow 


Ul, 


ll, 


There place a pillar stone, and bear 
My Grinte some day to me there, 

And well to the traveller the words shall be known, 
"Tis Diarmid who lies neath yon Pillar of Stone.” 


Oh woe is me! a foul swine’s prey, 
The victor lord of battle’s day ! 

I faint, done to death, let me turn, let me lie 

With my face to Ben Gulban, to see it, and die.”— 


OSSIAN. 


In tears, and mourning sore, 
Then to his grave we bore 
That brave and hardy one; 
On a green knoll alone, 
Beneath a mighty stone 


That sees the western sun. 


When Grinie coming there, 
At last of all aware, 

Beheld his narrow bed ; 

As though her life took flight, 
Bereft of sense and sight, 
She fell, above the dead ! 


Then from her swoon awoke, 
Her voice in cries outbroke, 
And in this song of woe, 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


144 THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


Wherein his praise was heard 
In every mournful word, 
Above the river’s flow. 


GRINIE. 


Two in a fastness of rock were concealed, 

Oft we lay there for a year unrevealed, 

Though hidden from Fionn by the stream as it leapt, 
Where it wet not the head of my love as he slept. 


In the hunt’s contest the keenest to share, 

Yard was that bed for thy thick golden hair! 

Never thought he of fear as he sprang to the cry, 
When the chase was afoot, and he joined it, to die! 


Hour of my torture, ochone, how the pain, 

Sore, and sharp, as at first, smites again and again, 
Sightless dear eyes, voiceless lips, and the breath 
Sweet as honey, now lost in the chambers of death ! 


Sister’s son of a king, a monarch high-placed, 
Victor and friend, once with courtesy graced ! 
Ah what a generous heart to have nursed 
Vengeance so causeless, a plot so accursed ! 


Diarmid, O Love, the best sword of them all, 
Victory flew to the field at thy call ; 

Strongest arm in the games, thou wast ever the best, 
Whether called to the fight, or to aid the distressed. 


Blue 


Ont 
Gent] 
The u 


White 
Dance 
Never 
As the 


Like t 
Were 1 


Pure a 
Who v 


Sad is 
Restle: 
Oh, the 
But in 


Now st 
In the 

yo: 
Overbo 
Surceas 


Dark is 
Narrow 
Never n 
When a 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 145 


Bluer your eye than the blaeberry kissed 
On the high mountain’s shoulder by sun and by mist ; REN 
Gentler your eyelids’ soft motion, than where iE 
The upland grass waves to the breezes of air. 


Whiter your teeth than the blossoming spray ) 
Danced in the winds ’mid the brightness of day ; | nn 
Never harp was so sweet, never bird-song above, | 
pt, As the voice that is hushed on the lips of my love. 


Like to the sun-nurtured sparkles of air 
Were the fair yellow waves of the locks of thy hair,, « 
Pure as foam the soft skin of the one of our race, be 
Who was mighty in mind as majestic in grace. 


Sad is my heart, to no joy-shout replying, 

Restless, lamenting in grief never-dying ; 

Oh, the mavis calls sweetly in drear deserts lone, 

But in vain I must yearn for the notes I have known. 


Now shall my soul find its calm nevermore ; ’ 
In the depths—the blue depths—of your eyes as of Se ea ye 


as 


yore, 
Overborne by a perilous flood I shall know 
Surcease of no sorrow, no lightening of woe. 


Dark is your dwelling-place under the mould, 
Narrow your frozen bed, songless and cold ; 
st, Never morn shalt thou see, till the day of God’s doom, 


d. When awakened, O hero, thou'lt rise from the tomb. 
K 


05 ren aah ge Be eR age 


146 THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


Dead in the earth, and there hidden away, 
Who shall not yearn for thee, fairer than day? 
Be my blessing now thine, be it thine evermore, 
Let it rest on the beauty ‘twas mine to adore. 


OSSIAN. 


Each bard prepared his harp for singing 
That calm and lofty hero’s praise ; 

Deep sorrow through the long notes ringing, 
How wild their dirge, how sad their gaze ! 


THE BaRDs. 


Mayest thou be blessed, O thou our fairest 
Beloved, once to fortune dear, 

If still for Ireland’s Feinne thou carest, 
See how they wail thine absence here. 


O strength, like flood on foemen pouring, 
Or swoop of eagle from the sky, 

Or as the rush through ocean roaring 
When myriads from leviathan fly! 


Béura’s lord! thy fair locks, waving 


Hath ceased, pressed down beneath the soil: 


Thou’rt seen no more the billows braving, 
No more thou'lt know the hunter’s toil. 


When 


Sha 
O mar 
Whi 


For th 
No 
Our sc 
The 


Yes, fe 
A le 
Old oa 
The 


Yet th 
Arot 
Changs 
Was 


THE DEATH OF THE BOAR. 


When blows are rained thy blade no longer 
Shall strike where clear thy war cry rose, eepiasy 

O man, whose love than man’s seemed stronger, Hes 
Whose voice no more high Tara knows. ‘i 


For thee our eyes are red with weeping, 
No beauty like to thine have we ; 
Our solace gone, our best are keeping 
The death watch, bravest soul, with thee. 


OssIAN. | 


Yes, fallen all, to leave me living, | Ae 
A leafless tree decayed and grey, Aas | 
Old oaks and young, their green life giving ; 
The strong must fall, the weak must stay ! 


Yet though to-day so frail, what glory 
Around my youth once shone of old! : 

Changed world! this poor man, weak and hoary, Has 
Was great in war and rich in gold. ¢ 


i r 
¥ a 


Patan a a gh tan 


ne eek 


KIN 


KING ARTHUR AND THE CAPTIVE 
MAIDEN. 


(TRANSLATED FROM THE GAELIC.*) 


Kino Arthur on a journey went, 
His men and he on hunting bent. 


] 
Came to the hill for victories known ; : 
He, and Sir Balva, armed alone. 

] 
The King of Britain dreamed at night 
Of fairest maid ’neath Heaven’s light. 
Her face’s beauteous hues so clear 
More than all gold to him were dear. i 
Yet all unknown where dwelt the maid, I 
His doubt and awe the search delayed. : 
For better were a battle stern I 
Than, blindly wandering, still to yearn. : 


* Taken down in Gaelic by Dewar. I 


\“s 


KING ARTHUR AND THE CAPTIVE MAIDEN. 


Then spoke Sir Balva, kindly, meek, 
“Tt is my wish this maid to seek. 


Let me now take my Squire and hound, 
And search until the maid be found.” 


Then seven weeks, with toil and pain, 
We travelled wearily the main. 


No harbour gave our ship a home, 
No land kept off the drifting foam. 


But high above the rough sea wave, 
We saw a smooth-walled castle brave. 


Its gables shone with glass. We laughed, 
“Ah many a drink-horn there is quaffed.” 


Then sailing to its base there fell 
A chain that lashed the ocean swell. 


I seized it, fearless, hand o’er hand 
I climbed upon the frowning land, 


And seated on a golden chair, 
I found a maiden wondrous fair, 


Holding a mirror on her knee, 
Her vesture beautiful to see. 


149 


150 KING ARTHUR AND THE CAPTIVE MAIDEN, 


I blest her, whose sad voice replied, 
‘Grief here thy blessing doth betide. 


O comer from the sea, thou'lt feel 
The heart of stone, the blade of steel.” 


Though merciless he be, yet know, 
His sword can deal my heart no blow. 


His love or hatred I despise 
If gained the favour of thine eyes. 


“The giant’s star-white sword alone,” 
Said she, ‘can wring from him a groan. 


O hide thee in some place secure, 
Or, gallant knight, thy death is sure.” 


Sir Balva heard the giant roar, 
‘‘ What wave-thrown stranger climbed our shore ?” 


Her voice replied, ‘‘ Now come, nor wait, 
My soul, for thee my love is great. 


Put thou thy head upon my knee, 
I'll sweetly play the harp to thee.” 


He rested, and a laugh displayed 
The white teeth of the blue-eyed maid. 


KIN 


( 
& 


EN. 


KING ARTHUR AND THE CAPTIVE MAIDEN. I5I 


The wild harp-music sweetly rung, 
And sweeter still her tuneful tongue. 


And on his eyes, by sea winds fanned, 
Sleep laid full soon his tranquil hand. 


Then took they off his star-white sword 
And slew the Castle’s Giant Lord. 


Thus how the captive maid was found, 
Ofit heard they of The Table Round. 


PA pw cy & 


SEANN ORAN GAILIC* 


Do reir beulaithris ann an linn Righ Artair bhi ann an Dun- 
eidean, bha Triath urramach Eirinneach, a chuir tigh didean air , 


a chraig ris an abairte Aill-séid-chuan, agus ghoid e na braighde r 
riomhfhinne uasal, agus thuge i do’n Dun a thoge air Aill-séid- 
chuan, s bha e ga gleidh an sin na braighde. Bha Righ Artair I 


latha anns a bheinn a sealg, luidh e a’ leigeadh a sgitheas dheth, 
chaidil e agus bhruadair eair an rimhfhinne a bha ann am braigh- 
( deanas, agus ghabh e toil a cuir saor, ach cha robh fios aige c’aite 
an robh i. Ghabh sir Bhalbha os laimh dol g’a h iarraidh na’m 
i faigheadh e longo’n Righ. Thugan Righ long dh’a. agus sheol 
sir Bhalbha gus gun d’fhuair e air thuileamus i, agus thug e 
dh’ionnsaidh Righ Airteir i, agus b’ann do’n chuis chaidh an t 

éran a leasas a dheanamh. 


A AB~ bee FP 


TurRus a chaidh Righ Arstair s a shluagh 
Gu tullach na’m buadh, a shealg ; ( 
Gun duine mar-ris an Righ 

Ach Sir Bhalbha, fo a lion arm. 
Gun duine, &c. 


Chunnaic Righ Bhreatun s e na shuain 
An aon bhean a b’aillidh snuadh fo’n ghrein 


’S b fhearr leis ro na bh’aige a dh’or 


An 6g-bhean bhi aige fein. 
’S b fhearr leis, &c. 


* The Gaelic spelt as by Dewa:. 


Jun- 
1 air 
hde 
éid- 
rtair 
eth, 
igh- 
‘aite 
a’ m 
heol 
ig e 


ant 


SEANN ORAN GAILIC. 153 


Ach b’fhearr leis tuiteam ann an sin 

Le comhrag fir, mar bha e fein. 

No dol a dh’iarraidh na mna 

S gun fhios aige cia an t’aite fo n ghréin. 
No dol a dh’iarraidh, &c. 


Thubairt Sir Bhalbha suairce cuin. 

*S e morun dol a dh‘iarraidh na mna, 

Theid mi fein mo ghille s mo chu 

Nar triuir ’g a sireadh gun dail. 
Theid mi fein, &c. 


Seachd seachdainnean le stri 

Bha sinn sgith a sinbhal cuain 

Gun chala gun talamh gun fhonn 

Gun ionad amis an gabhadh an long tamh. 
Gun chala gun, &c. 


Chuannacas an iomall a chuain Ghairbh 

Caisteal mor min-gheal ghuirm, 

Uinneagan gloine air a stuagh 

S bu lion-mhor ann cuaich coirn. 
Uninneagan gioine, &c. 


Air duuinn bhi seoladh stigh ri bhun, 
Chaidh slabhraidh a chuir a nuas ; 
S roimh an t slabhraidh cha do ghabh-ar crith 
Ach chaidhearurra na m’ruith suas. 
© roimh an t slabhraidh, &c. 


154 


SEANN ORAN GAILIC, 


Cuanna’cas an ighean eididh og 

Air cathair oir na suidhe a steach 

Sgathan gloine air a glin, 

S bheannaich-eam do a gnuis gheal. 
Sgathan gloine, &c. 


Fhir a thainig oirun o’n chuan 
S truagh brigh do bheannachadh ann. 


Ged thigeadh am fear mor na m dhail 
Gun iochd gun bhaigh le a chlaidheamh cruaidh, 
Air do ghuidh-se a bhean bhlath. 
S coingeis leam a ghradh seach fhuath. 
Air do ghuidh-se, &c.: 


Arm cha deargadh air an thear, 

Ach a chlaidheamh run-geal fein. 

Agus is fhearr dhuit dol fo-chleith 

Do aite air leith tearruinnt’ o’n eug. 
Agus is fhearr, &c. 


Chaidh Sir Bhalbha fa-chleith 

Agus a steach thainig am fear mor 

Tha boladh an fhar-bhalaich a steach 

Oirrinn iar teachd o thuinn na traigh. 
Tha boladh an, &c. 


Anamain, a sheircein, s a ruin 
Is mor an gaol a thug mi dhuitt, 


dh, 


SEANN ORAN GAILIC. 155 


Cuir thusa do cheann air mo ghluin, 
Agus seinnidh mi citin duit a chruit. 
Cuir thusa do, &c. 


Chuir e a cheann air uchd an ighinn uur, 

Bu ghuirme suil, s bu ghile deud, 

S ge bu bhinn a sheinneadh 1 a chruit, 

Bu bhinneadh an guth bha teachd wo a beul. 
S ge bu bhinn, &c. 


Air dhuinn bhi cuairteachadh na’n cuan 

Chaidil e suain, na thruim sheamh fann, 

S thug 1ad an claidheamh a chrios 

S ghearr iad gun fhios d’dheth an ceann. 
S thug iad an, &c. 


Ghoid iad a bhraighdeach s gu leir 
S bha a bhean fein fo chumha thruim 
Siod agaibh aithris mo sgeul 


S mar a leugh iad am bord-cruinn. 
Siod agaibh, &c. 


Latha do Righ Arstair s a shluagh 
Bhi air Tullach na’m buadh, a shealg. 
Gun duine mar-ris an Righ 

Ach Bhalbha, fo lion arm. 


DUNOLLY’S DAUGATER. 


Ou, dear to old Dunolly’s heart 
His darling daughter seemed, 
Yet when she fled, how pitiless 
His bitter curse was deemed. 


To death he doomed her lover true, 


And swore his lowly blood 
Should stain the land, whose soil would blush N 
At wanton womanhood. 


ée 


But leaves were thick, and woods were green, 
Where summer saw their love, 

And none could tell Dunolly where 
Was nesting his wild dove. 


Two years had sped, and all unchanged 
Dunolly’s mood remained ; 
‘ When tired with hunting, late at eve 
A forest hut he gained. 


DUNOLLY’S DAUGHTER. 


A cheerful scene! for hung on trees 
On either side the door 

A stag and roe, and salmon there 
Lay strewn the hut before. 


ead 


So Aa i Ni gut 


There pausing silently he heard 
Light laughter, O well known ; 
And, locking through the wattled wall 
Stood motionless as stone. 


He saw a happy woman lie sae 
Her true man’s form beside ; 

And laugh as on the bed they tossed 
A smiling child in pride. 


No word Dunolly spoke, but went, 

An altered man, and said ; 
‘Go bring them home, for rich are they, 
Love shows them nobly wed.” 


THE ARMADA GUN.* 


AN ancient cannon, finely cast 
Of bronze, all smooth and green with age, 
A by-gone actor on the stage, 

Yet fit to take, as in the past 

A role in war, and be the last 
Dread argument of kings ! 


The daisies grew around, and brought 
The homage of young spring to praise 
This stately relic of old days, 
When France with Spain for mastery fought ; 
And Philip over England sought 
To spread the Papal wings. 


Initialed with King Francis’ name, 
With Gallic lilies sculptured o’er, 
Above the vent the metal bore 

A Salamander crowned, in flame ; 

The massive breech could even claim 
A sheath of lotos bloom. 


* This cannon was recovered in 1740 from the wreck of a 


vessel of the Spanish Armada sunk in Tobermory Bay, and is 
at Inveraray. 


fa 
i is 


THE ARMADA GUN. 159 


This goodly weapon, forged where Seine 
By Fontainebleau and Paris flows, 
And many a painted Palace shows 

These emblems of the Valois’ reign, 

For centuries unseen has lain 
Within the seas dark tomb. 


How came it there? A Spanish keel 
One of the Great Armada gay, 
Was biasted in Our Lady’s Bay ; 

One of the Fleet the floods conceal, 

Though o’er the waves was wont to peal 
The thunder of their pride. 


But how came France’s lilies there 
Beneath the flag of red and gold ? 
And o’er the ancient gun we told 

The story which the legends bear, 

How in defeat it bore its share 
And stemmed the Victory’s tide. 


We thought the winds of hollow sound 
Spoke from its mouth in solemn tone, 
Of great events its life had known, 
That thronged, as with the nearly drowned, 
To recollection, ere it found 
Beneath the sea a grave. 


160 


THE ARMADA GUN. 


‘“**Tn flame I live, I quench its glow ;’ 
This motto at the foundry fire 
Was given me by his desire, 

The king, whose crest and lilies show 

How love and valour could bestow 
Their favour on the brave. 


‘* My form was fashioned in each part 
By him who wrought in gems and gold, 
Whose glory, trumpet-tongued, is told 
In fearful wars, in peaceful Art, 
Cellini of the ardent heart, 
And Benvenuto named ! 


“The silver-voiced and laughing crowd 
Of ladies praised his fair design 
And asked if on the German Rhine, 

Or English coasts of fog and cloud, 

Would soon be heard my challenge loud 
For rights our country claimed ? 


“To conquer fair Milan I threw 
My shot against the Swiss array 
On Marignano’s dreadful day : 

On sledges hardy soldiers drew 

My weight through snows, where eagles knew 
Alone the Alpine way. 


Ti 


Fc 
Ce 


ah 


THE ARMADA GUN. 161 


“And warring for the emperor’s crown, 
I saw around me fall and die 
The noblest of our chivalry : 
When peerless Bayard’s high renown 
Quenched not his blood, that streaming down 
Fell on me where I lay. 


** Pavia felt my iron hail, 
When traitor Bourbon won the fight, 
Yet glad was I no foreign knight 

Alone had made our siege to fail, 

When wrote our king the dismal tale, 
‘Save honour all is lost!’ 


“The impious victor hurled my fire 
Against the wails of holy Rome, 
But there the devil took him home! 
For at the storm my artist sire, 
Cellini. felled him, for the ire 
Of God his path had crossed. 


*To nobler masters still a slave, 
I felt the fame of Doria mine ; 
Saw Venice o’er her channels shine ; 
Pursued the Moslem on the wave, 
And shattered them, when victory gave 
Her palm to Malta’s isle. 


162 


THE ARMADA GUN. 


‘“When Naples sent her ships to swell 
The swarming armaments that bore 
’Gainst England from each southern shore 
In fleets whose numbers none could tell ; 
I saw how Drake upon us fell, 
How fortune ceased to smile. 


‘‘ For tempests gathered o’er our track, 
The little English hornets stung, 
My heavy shot against them flung 

Passed o’er their barks, so swift to tack, 

And every ball they gave us back 
Upon our galleons told. 


“Soon drifting o’er the Northern main 
Grey shores unknown were quickly vast ; 
Our consorts on the rocks were cast, 

It was our fate alone to gain 

The peaceful haven where MacLaine 
Set fire unto our hold. 


I sank: a hundred years past by, 
And diving bells with searchers keen 
For treasure in the wreck were seen. 
‘They took the gold, but let me lie 
To sleep another century, 
Then raised and brought me here. 


ie 


ore 


THE ARMADA GUN. 163 


“Valois is dead, and Bourbon’s Line 
No longer fills my country’s throne . 
But death dear France shall never own! 

Once more of late her joy was mine, 

Once more for her my flames could shine, 
My thunder echo clear. 


“For when the tide of battle rolled 

Against the far Crimean shore, 

And France and Britain downward bore 
The Russian in his chosen hold, 
My last salute of victory told 
For France, as oft of yore!” 


CAVALRY CHARGE—KONIGGRATZ. 


if WE stood, as the helmeted horsemen 

| Formed up in the light of the sun ; 

We knelt, stretching bayonets towards them I 
As they charged, ere the battle was won. 


L 
I marked their young leader apparelled 
As daintily as for parade, I 
re 1 A cigarette smoking, advancing 
“| He laughed, as he pointed his blade. A 
} aes “ 
He played with his yellow moustaches, 
And looked on our ranks with a scorn E 
Such as mantles ’gainst mist and night-vapour 
i On the brow of the Son of the morn. T 
He led a bright host where the glitter 
Of armour illumined the vale 5 A 
As a flood rises slowly, so, comiig, 
C 


They rode with the sun on their mail. 


Our 


A CAVALRY CH4ARGF—XONIGGRATZ. 165 


Thus he steadied his men, and none wavered 
As the steeds settled down to their stride, 
And we heard the first rush of the squadrons, 

Like the gathering roar of the tide. 


Their order was perfect and splendid, 
And his voice, that at first held them in, 
Had rung down their ranks for the onset, 
As though it were fate they should win. 


I felt I half liked him as onward 
The lines of his cuirassiers came, 
Like breakers wind-driven from seaward, 
Dark tossed in a whirlwind of flame. 


I hated the shot that must enter 
That steel-girt and confident breast, 
And quench that brave spirit for ever, 
That light on the cataract’s crest. 


But I gave forth the word, and our volley 
Rang clear o’er the thunder of feet 

That rolled not to us, for Destruction 
Rejoiced their proud splendour to greet. 


And the leader who laughed at our columns, 
At the ranks that bid gaiety die, 

On his red bed of honour at even 

Lay smiling his scorn at the sky. 


THE IRISH EMIGRANT. 
: i i 1880. 


Look not for me at eventide, 

I cannot come when work is done ; 
I go to wander far and wide, 

For ’tis not here that gold is won. 
Perchance where’er I go, these hands 
au May find me what I need to live ; 
nt Whate’er they win, if house, or lands, s 
I’d yield for what they cannot give. 


For who can turn away his face 
From home and kin and be at rest ? 

What country e’er can take the place 
That Ireland fills within my breast f¢ 

More kindly smile the distant skies, 
They say, beyond von angry sea ; 

I know not what they mean, mine eyes 

Have never seen these frown on me. 


THE IRISH EMIGRANT. 


To me these hills beside the wave 
With every year have dearer grown ; 
Is it so great a thing to crave 


To call my native iand, mine own? 
But why these useless plaints renew ? 
Farewell! ‘That word, it seems a knell ! 
If still I’: dear, kind hearts, to you, 


mp: 
it 


is all I ask, Farewell, Farewell ! 


THE IRISH EMIGRANT. 


( 
1883. 
*‘ THEY sow In tears who reap in joy,” 
H Was truly said of old ; 
he We wandered far, but round us still 
Stretched God Almighty’s fold. i 


’Twas He who led us forth; our grief 
u Discerned His chastening hand, 
And saw not, though before our eyes 
Shone bright His promised land. 


O bless Him for the love that made 
The parting greeting sore, 

But for the bold heart that He gave 

We bless our God yet more! 


He gave us hope, He gave us strength ; 
For us His prairies smile, 

The new world’s untouched soils for us 

Spread boundless, mile on mile. 


THE IRISH EMIGRANT, 16g 


The richest heritage on earth 
For us His mercy saved ; 

For ages Nature’s harvests here 
Unknown, ungathered, waved. 


Ours now the grain which decks the plains, 
Ours all their wondrous yield ; aay 
Our children, and our kin possess " 
Their own, in house and field. 


What wonder then if many laugh, ' 
And wonder joy was dumb! 

To friends in older lands with less 

Our happy hearts say “‘ Come.” 


SONG. 


OSBORNE, 1882. 


HERE Rose and Magnolia 
Our dearest enshrine, 
The prayer of the south wind 


Is thine and is mine, 
For Child and for Mother 
Here sweetly twice isled, 
Brave Seamen are praying 
For Mother and Child. 


Where State must surround them: 
Beneath the Great Keep, 
And green oaks of Windsor 
Shade River and Steep, 
For Child and Queen-Mother 
The choristers aisled, 
With armed men are chanting 
For Mother and Child. 


SONG. 17! 


Away where the Heather 
Blooms far o’er the Pine, eal 
The Highlander’s blessing ee et 

Is mine and is thine, 
For Child and for Mother . 

Beloved and mild ; 

What heart does not bless them, 
Dear Mother and Child. 


SONNET. 


i LORD F. DOUGLAS KILLED ON THE MATTERHORN, WET, 
SWITZERLAND, 1865. 3 
Of fig 

Not home to land and kindred wast thou brought, That 

Nor iaid ’mid trampled dead of battle won, — Had 
; Nor after long life filled with duty done 
Was thine such death as thou thyself had’st sought! At le 
au No, sadder far, with horror overwrought Was 1 
That end that gave to thee thy cruel grave 
| Deep in blue chasms of some glacier cave, But t 


When Cervins perils thou, the first, had’st fought They 
And conquered, Douglas! for in thee uprose 
In boyhood e’en a nature noble, free,— iow 
So gently brave with courtesy, that those | 
Old Douglas knights, the ce Howers of Chivalry,” The 
of Had joyed to see that in our times again 

A link of gold had graced their ancient chain! 


SADOWA. 


JULY 1866. 


PRN, WET, cheerless was our bivouac last eve, but still we 


spoke 
Of fighting and of winning, to-morrow, when day broke: 
That day the thundering echoes of cannon in our front 
H{ad louder grown until around had raged the battle’s 
brunt. 
At last the carnage ended, and our regiment’s retreat 
Was marked by many wounded, who shrieked beneath 
our feet ! 


cht! 


But here in closer order rides past a Lancer Troop— 

They had but late been charging like falcons when they 
Swoop. 

How few there are remaining ! Now the river’s bank is 
gained ; 

The Trumpeter’s white charger with blood on neck is 
stained. 

His snowy flanks are heaving; he shudders on the 
brink, 

Then, gently urged, he halts again, and stoops his head 
to drink. 


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174 SADOWA. 


He cannot ford the river, for lost are strength and 
speed : 

The Trumpeter, dismounted, now swims beside his 
steed. 

Together they have struggled ; he will not let him die, 

And soon he stands beside him though the balls are 
rushing by. 

He takes him by the bridle ;—would lead him to the 
town, — 

Too late,—for life is ebbing, —the gallant steed isdown ! 

Ah! long I saw that horseman kneel by his charger’s 
head, 

And when at last he left him, I knew the horse was dead. 

How fiercely as he passes that comrade on the plain, 

Remounted on the morrow, shall sound the “ charge” 

again ! 


ON 


y the 


wn | 
ger’s 


lead. 
lain, 


rge ” 


ON A FOREIGN WAR SHIP’S SALUTE TO THE 


QUEEN’S STANDARD AT OSBORNE. 


WITH their deep voice, monotonous and slow, 
The cannon’s thunders roll along the sea ; 
But ’tis in reverence, and to work no woe 
Those sounds here reach the shore and onward flee 
Past the oak woods that climb the grassy lea, 
To strike thy terraces, and palace fair 
With stately salutation offered thee 
Who of these potent realms the crown dost wear. 
So to the fabric of our future fame, 
Set in the green oak of our Empire’s might : 
Shall history’s voice, with measured praise, proclaim 
Thy life-long love of justice and of right, 
And the good era that thy reign hath been. 
To hail thee, reverently, Victoria, Queen. 


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Some of the Speeches,and a few of the answers to 
Addresses, delivered during Lord Lorne’s term 
of office in the Dominion, are printed in the 
Sollowing pages. 


On taking leave of his constituents in 1878, in a speech delivered at 
Inveraray, Lord Lorne said :— 


Judge of the wishes of our colonies, not from your 
own point of view only, but from that of their interests 
also, and from that of the well-being of the whole 
Empire, whose glory and power is at once the best 
result and the surest guarantee of the freedom which 
is yours, and which the colonies inherit from you. 
Many of you know well, because many of your 
relations are settled there, the great British Colonies 
of North America. The Dominion now stretches 
from ocean to ocean across that vast continent, em- 
bracing lands of every nature—some valuable for 
corn, some for pasture, for timber or for other treasures 
which will in future centuries make the country one 
of the richest on the earth—for coal and other minerals. 
As your former member is about to join the number 


180 INVERARAY, 1878. 


of your friends who are already there, you will allow 
him to say a good word for those provinces of the 
Dominion, the threshold of which civilisation has 
already passed, and whose fair vacant chambers tempt 
the settler from the Old World to enter further and 
to occupy. 

Some years ago, at a public meeting in Glasgow, I 
took the opportunity to describe the temptations offered 
by the Canadian Government to men employed in agri- 
culture here to settle in Manitoba, and since that day, 
as before it, hundreds of happy homesteads have risen, 
and the energies of the Dominion have been directed 
towards the completion of that railway which will make 
Manitoba as accessible as is Inveraray. Now, let me 
again invite attention to this great Province and the vast 
territories beyond. In Argyleshire we have too few 
men, and we want more to settle with us, but Canada 
is a formidable competitor even to this fair country ; 
and in other places, in the towns of this land, there 
are plenty of men who would do well, if they can hold 
the plough, to follow the gallant example of their 
countrymen who have added glory to Britain by form- 
ing another great British nation. Instead of leading 
an unhealthy city life, it were well that many of our 
townsmen should take to the life-giving work of a 
settler in the agricultural regions of Western Canada, 
where they are likely to live longer and to be happier 
than is the lot of the great majority of mankind. 


allow 
yf the 
1 has 


tempt 
r and 


ow, I 
ffered 
n agri- 
t day, 
risen, 
rected 
make 
et me 
1e vast 
0 few 
‘anada 
untry ; 
, there 
n hold 
f their 
7 form- 
eading 
of our 
k of a 
anada, 
appier 


LIVERPOOL, 1878. 181 


On embarking at Liverpool in 1878 for Canada, Lord Lorne spoke 
as follows in reply to an address presented by the Mayor of 
that city :-— 


We shall not forget the attention we have received, 
nor the great demonstration made by the people of 
Liverpool, of the interest entertained by them in the 
good of Canada, and of the love borne by the whole 
country for her children across the Atlantic. You 
who dwell at this great port, and see so many leave 
their native land for distant climes, will not misunder- 
stand me when I say that we do not lightly leave you. 
The heart is often sad at leaving home when the ship is 
about to start and the anchor is being weighed, however 
cheery the voices of those who raise it, and hearty the 
farewell greetings of friends on shore. It is, however, 
the duty of those who go, to look forward and not 
back, and it is pleasant to think that across the water 
we shall find ourselves among our own countrymen 
and in our own country, among the same institutions 
as those we know here and under the same flag. We 
shall find the same laws and the same determination 
to uphold and abide by them, the same love of liberty 
as we have here, and the same ability to guard it in 
honour and order, the same loyalty to the Throne 
for the same cause, because it is the creation of free- 
men, the bond of strength, and the symbol of the 
unity and dignity of the British people. Where in 
the British North American provinces we do not find 
men of our own stock, we are fortunate in finding 
those who descend from the noble French race—that 


ee ee eens — 


eee ee — ~~ - - 


ge 
. - 


182 LIVERPOOL, 1878. 


race whose gallantry we have for ages learnt to 
respect and to admire—the friendship of whose 
sons to the Empire and their co-operation in the 
public life of Canada, which is adorned by their 
presence, are justly held to be essential. Nowhere is 
loyalty more true and more firmly rooted than among 
the French Canadians, enjoying, as all do, the free- 
dom of equal laws and the justice of constitutional 
rule. In conclusion, I will only say that nothing 
has struck me more than the enthusiasm mani- 
fested towards Canada among all classes of the 
community in England and Scotland, wherever I 
have of late had an opportunity of hearing any ex- 
pression of the public mind. Crowds at any public 
gathering have always given cheers for Canada. The 
great gathering of to-day is a renewed symptom of the 
same favourable augury, for a good augury I hold it 
to be, that men in the old country are ready to call 
* Hurrah for Canada!” On the other side of the 
ocean they are as ready to call “ Hurrah for the old 
country !” and these cries are no mere words of the 
lips, but come from the heart of great peoples. So 
long as the feelings which prompt these sayings endure 
—and endure, I believe they will—we may look for- 
ward with confidence to the future, and know that 
those bonds of affection which have been knit by God 
through the means of kinship and justice will not be 
sundered by disaster or weakened by time. (Great 
cheering.) 


nt to 
hose 

mn the 
their 
here is 
mong 
p free- 
tional 
othing 
mani- 
rf the 
pver I 
ny ex- 
public 
The 
of the 
hold it 
to call 
of the 
the old 
-of the 
25, SO 
endure 
ok for- 
»w that 
by God 
not be 
(Great 


LIVERPOOL, 1878. 183 


In reply to an address from the Liveipool Chamber of Commerce, 
which was read by Mr. W. B. Forwood, President of the 
Chamber, the Marquis said :— 


You may well believe how highly I value the senti- 
ments which have prompted you to come forward to- 
day with the address to which we have all just listened 
with interest, for Liverpool represents not only much 
of the trade of England, but much of the commerce 
of the world. It is perhaps the port more intimately 
connected than any in Europe with the American 
continent. It is between your quays and those of New 
York, that a steam service is conducted with the cer- 
tainty and regularity which tells of the ablest seaman- 
ship, and it is by your river that the fine Canadian 
vessels of the Allan Line come, the magnificent repre- 
sentatives of the prospering mercantile marine of the 
Dominion, and proud may that country be of such a 
fleet. Your address shows how highly you value the 
friendship of the Canadian people, in what regard you 
hold their esteem, and with what interest and sympathy 
you watch the progress they are making. It seems to 
me but a short while ago since I last visited Canada ; 
but in twelve years there is a great change to be seen. 
Twelve years ago the British North American provinces 
were only isolated colonies, bound together by no Fede- 
ral union, and lacking in the strength and deprived of 
the advantages of unity. Now the decrees of the Cen- 
tral Parliament at Ottawa are passed by the representa- 
tives of peoples whose mandates are obeyed through all 
that broad zone of productive land which crosses the 


ee, a a ena R em 


184 LIVERPOOL, 12878. 


mighty continent, and the name of our Sovereign is 
hailed with the same affection as before, but by no 
mere collection of colonies, for we see a great Federal 
people. It is for their welfare that you, on behalf of 
the merchants of Liverpool, express your just and con- 
fident hope; and the feelings of sympathy you have 
shown will, I know, find a response on the other side 
of the Atlantic. I consider it of the highest value 
that such a true expression of the affection entertained 
by the great commercial centres of England should be 
heard and known. The sentiments which make the 
hearts of the natives of these isles beat fast with the 
just pride of nationality, when they see in far distant 
countries the flag of St. George, St. Andrew, and St. 
Patrick, is felt to the full by your colonists, who uphold 
the flag as speaking to them of the great days of old 
of which they, with us, are the heirs. This common 
loyalty to the Queen and pride in her ensign is a sure 
guarantee for the continued greatness of our country. 
You, gentlemen, have at heart the interests of commerce, 


and, as merchants, the peace and prosperity of the 


world. There is no better hope for this than in the 
unity between these kingdoms and the great depen- 
dencies of the Crown. You know well how real that 
unity is, and you will, I believe, join me in the con- 
fident expectation that the eyes of men may long see, 
beneath our Western sky, the bright apparition of Peace 
speeding the beneficent navies of commerce as they 
bear to all lands the fruits gathered from the great 
harvest which is earned by industry and wisdom. 


eign is 
by no 
ederal 
half of 
d con- 
u have 
er side 
value 
rtained 
buld be 
ake the 
ith the 
distant 
and St. 
uphold 
of old 
ommon 
sa sure 
‘ountry. 
nmerce, 
or the 
1 in the 
depen- 
eal that 
he con- 
ong see, 
yf Peace 
as they 
ie great 
m. 


LONDONDERRY, 7878. 185 


On passing Londonderry the representatives of the municipality 
came on board ‘* The Sarmatian,’’and in reply to the ** God 
speed ” of the visitors, the Marquis of Lorne said :— 


It is most cheering to receive from you the expres- 
sion of your sympathy with our mission. We shall 
feel, after seeing and hearing you, that we leave the 
Irish shore bearing with us a precious message of good- 
will given on the part of its people to their fellow- 
subjects in Canada. The Dominion of Canada owes 
much to Ireland. Who does not recall with gratitude 


to the country that gave him birth, the rule of the late 


Governor-General of Canada, the Earl of Dufferin ? 
Canada will never forget him, or fail to remember that 
it was an Irish noble whose career has given her so 
bright a page in her history. And from the Governors- 
General, on through a long list of rulers whose pre- 
sence was a benefit to the Dominion, we know also 
that Canada is indebted to Ireland for many a hardy 
agriculturist and many a clever artisan. It would be 
difficult to speak of any part of our Empire which is 
not in a similar case, and which does not point with 
pride to the services of Irishmen, for on what field of 
honour has the genius of the Irish race not contributed 
to our power? on what path of victory has not an Irish 
hand carried forward among the foremost the banner 
of our union? It is under that ensign alone, of all in 
the world, that an Irishman stands beneath the cross 
of the Royal saint of Ireland, and each patriotic effort 
made by a son of Erin adds another leaf to the wreath 
of renown which, for so many centuries, has made the 


é rors se Oi te aa ad oth Me 
tian lpia aka ib” th i a mahi Maks 


186 MONTREAL, 1878. 


piety and gallantry of the race a household word 
among the nations. In parting from you we shall not 
forget your kind words, and our visit to the neighbour- 
hood of your city will always be a pleasant recollection. 
We thank you again, and ask you to convey to your 
fellow-townsmen the expression of our regret that cir- 
cumstances have prevented us from receiving your 
address within their walls. 


Arriving at Montreal, the Princess and Lord Lorne attended 
the ‘St. Andrew's Ball,” and replying to Colonel Stevenson, 
who tendered the welcome of the committee, Lord Lorne 
said :— 

Colonel Stevenson and Gentlemen, the Members 
of the St. Andrew’s Society,—To me, I need hardly 
say, it is a great pleasure to find myself to-night 
among so many of my countrymen who hail from Scot- 
land, and in saying this I am certain I shall have with 
me the sympathy of all Canadians of whatever race— 
English, French, or Irish. For all these nationalities 
wish you well. As for the English, it is impossible for 
them to feelanything but good-will, for they have as a 
people been so grateful for the last two centuries to 
Scotsmen for giving them a king, that they have ever 
since been only too happy to see Scotsmen getting 
their way everywhere. ‘The French population shares 
in the goodwill felt towards you, for they remember that 
in the old days it was a Scotch regiment, the King’s 
Bodyguard, which was the most popular corps at 
Paris, and that the French troops who guarded Edin- 
burgh were there as the allies of Scotland. It is im- 


d word 
hall not 
ghbour- 
lection. 


to your 
that cir- 


g your 


attended 
Stevenson, 
brd Lorne 


embers 
d hardly 
to-night 
om Scot- 
ave with 
Yr race— 
ionalities 
ssible for 
lave as a 
turies to 
ave ever 
n getting 
on shares 
mber that 
1e King’s 
corps at 
led Edin- 
It is im- 


MONTREAL, £878. 187 


possible for Irishmen to feel anything but the most 
cordial feeling of love for you, for what is Scotland but 
an Irish colony? But it is a colony of which Ireland, 
asa Mother Country, may well be proud. Gentlemen, 
as one bearing the name of one of the first of those 
old Irish colonists and civilisers of Scotland, I feel I 
have a right to be proud of the position taken by Scots- 
men in Canada. We have had the good fortune since 
leaving England to be constantly under the guidance 
or tutelage of Scotsmen. ‘The owner of the great line 
of steamships, in one of whose vessels we came here, 
is a distinguished Scotsman, well known to all in this 
hall. I am happy to say that the captain of our 
steamer was a Scotsman, the chief engineer was a 
Scotsman, and, best of all, the stewardess was a Scots- 
woman. Well, as soon as we landed we were met by 
a Scotch Commander-in-Chief and by a Scotch Prime 
Minister, who had succeeded a Prime Minister who is 
also a Scotsman. What wonder is it that Canada 
thrives when the only change in her future is that she 
falls from the hands of one Scotsman into that of 
another? Our countrymen are fond of metaphysical 
discussion, and are apt to seek for subtle reasons for 
the cause of things. Here it is unnecessary for them 
to do more in inquiring the reasons of the prosperity 
of the country, than to look around them and to note 
the number of their countrymen, and the existence of 
such societies with such chiefs as the St. Andrew’s 
Society of Montreal. But it is time to put an end to 
such light discourse, and to proceed to the graver 
terpsichorean duties of the evening. 


MONTREAL, 1878. 


At Montreal, where a most cordial and memorable welcome was 
given, the following reply to the Mayor’s address was made :— 


To His WorRSHIP THE MAYOR, AND TO THE CITI- 
ZENS OF MONTREAL :—Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen,— 
In the name of our Queen I ask you to accept our 
thanks for your loyal and eloquent address. I need 
hardly say with what pleasure the Princess and I 
have listened to the courteous expressions with which 
we are now greeted—and for your most hearty and 
cordial welcome. We consider ourselves fortunate 
that so soon after our arrival in the Dominion, we 
have an opportunity of passing this great city; and 
while halting for a short time within its walls, on our 
journey to Ottawa, to make the acquaintance, at all 
events, of some among the community which repre- 
sents so large and important a centre of population 
and industry. Your beautiful city sits, like a queen 
enthroned, by the great river whose water glides past 
in homage, bringing to her feet with the summer 
breezes the wealth of the world. It is the city cf this 
continent perhaps the best known to tie dwellers of 
the old country; and not only is it famous for the 
energy, activity, and prosperity of its citizens, but it 
is here that the gigantic undertaking of the Victoria 
Bridge has been successfully carried out; and the 
traveller in crossing the mighty stream feels, as he is 
bot.i.e high above it through the vast cavern, that such 
a viaduct is a worthy approach to your great emporium 
of commerce. Its iron girders and massive frame are 


bme was 
hde :— 


CITI- 

en,— 
ppt our 
I need 
and I 

which 
ty and 
prtunate 
ion, we 
y; and 
on our 
p, at all 

repre- 
pulation 
1 queen 
Jes past 
summer 
r of this 
llers of 
for the 
, but it 
Victoria 
ind the 
as he is 
at such 
1porium 
ame are 


MONTREAL, 2878. 180 


worthy of the gigantic natural features around, and it 
stands, spanning the flowing sea, as firm and as strong 
as the sentiment of loyalty for her whose name it 
bears—a love which unites in more enduring bonds 
than any forged with the products of the quarry or 
the mine, the people of this Empire. It seems but a 
short time ago since the Prince of Wales struck the 
last rivet in yonder structure ; and yet what wonderful 
strides have been made in the progress of this country 
since that day! Every year strikes a new rivet, and 
clenches with mighty hand that enduring work—that 
mighty fabric—the prosperity of the Dominion. Long 
may your progress in the beautiful arts and industries 
continue, and far be the day on which you may point 
to any marks but those which tell of the well-earned 
results of indomitable energy and determined per- 
severance. The people of this country may be well 
assured that the Earl of Dufferin has carried home 
with him ample proofs of the profound love Canada 
bears to the Mother Country, and these assurances 
have been conveyed by him personally to Her Majesty. 
We wish, in answering your address, to acknowledge 
the extreme loyalty exhibited by the French-Canadian 
populations, as well as the populations of the Maritime 
Provinces, through whose country we have, during the 
last two days, travelled, and to thank them once again, 
as we had the opportunity this morning, for the kind- 
ness shown toward us personallv. This scene, the 
magnificent reception of your great city, we shall ever 
remember with pride and gratitude. 


mvt eanaaechp io eich dee oases RNa ail ae 


OTTAWA, 72878. 


On arriving at Ottawa, His Excellency spoke as follows in reply to 
the greeting of the citizens of the capital of the Dominion :— 


It is with the greatest satisfaction that I accept your 
loyal address, and hear in it those expressions of 
devotion to Her Majesty the Queen, which indicate 
the feelings which rise so truly in the hearts of every 
man, woman, and child in Canada, and which not 
only prove the natural impulses of all who enjoy the 
birthright of British citizens, but demonstrate the con- 
victions of a people who, by the knowledge they have 
acquired of the political institutions of the world, cling 
with a tenacity and firmness never to be shaken, to 
the constitution which their fathers moulded, and 
under which they experience now the blessings of 
freedom and the tranquillity of order, beneath the 
sceptre of a Gracious Ruler, whose Throne is revered 
as the symbol of constitutional authority, and whose 
person is honoured as the representative of benignity 
and virtue. The attachment which binds the pro- 
vinces of British North America to the British flag 
has never been more strikingly shown than during the 
past year; and we know that the readiness displayed 
to share the dangers and to partake of the triumphs 
of the Mother Country is no fleeting incident, but a 
sure sign that the people of this Empire are deter- 
mined to show that they value, as a common heritage, 
the strength of union, and that the honour of the Sove- 
reign will be upheld with equal loyalty by her subjects 
in every part of the globe. We have now traversed, in 


ra 


reply to 
DI > — 
bt your 
ons of 
dicate 
every 
h not 
joy the 
e con- 
by have 
d, cling 
ken, to 
d, and 
ings of 
ath the 
revered 
1 whose 
nignity 
he pro- 
ish flag 
ring the 
splayed 
‘lumphs 
t, but a 
> deter- 
eritage, 
1e Sove- 
subjects 
rsed, in 


OTTAWA, 7878. Ig! 


coming here, some parts of the important Provinces 
of the Dominion. In all places we have visited—and 
I regret it was not in our power, at this season of the 
year, to visit more—we have met with the same kind- 
ness and the same hearty cordiality. I can assure 
you we are deeply sensible of all that is conveyed in 
such a reception; and it has been, and will be, a 
pleasant duty to convey to the Sovereign a just de- 
scription of the manner in which you have received 
her representative and her daughter. It is with a 
peculiar feeling of pride in the grandeur of this Do- 
minion that I accept, on the part of the Queen, the 
welcome given to us at Ottawa, the capital of the 
greatest of the colonies of the Crown. It is here that 
we shall take up our abode among you, and the 
cordiality of your words makes me feel that which I 
have known since we landed: that it is to no foreign 
country that we come, but that we have only crossed 
the sea to find ourselves among our own people, and 
to be greeted by friends cn coming to a home. In 
entering the house which you have assigned to the 
Governor-General, I shall personally regret the absence 
of the distinguished nobleman whom I have the honour 
to call my friend, and whose departure must have 
raised among you the sad feelings inseparable from 
the parting with one whose career here was one long 
triumph in the affection of the people. A thousand 
memories throughout the length and breadth of the 
land speak of Lord Dufferin. It needs with you no 
titular memorials, such as the names of streets and 
bridges, to commemorate the name of him who not 


2 gee 


192 OTTAWA, 1878. 


only adorned all he touched, but, by his eloquence 
and his wisdom, proved of what incalculable advantage 
to the State it was tc have in the representative of the 
Sovereign, one in whose nature judiciousness and 
impartiality, kindness, grace, and excellence were so 
blended that his advice was 1 boon equally to be 
desired by all, his approbation a prize to be coveted, 
and the words that came from his silver tongue, which 
always charmed and never hurt, treasures to be 
cherished. I am confident that the land he served so 
well knew how to value his presence, and that you 
will always look upon his departure with a regret pro- 
portionate to the pleasure Ottawa experienced from 
his sojourn among you. Iam confident that we shall 
find with you a generous and kindly desire to judge 
well of our effort to fulfil your expectations, and al- 
though you speak of the recent growth of your city, 
and contrast it with places which have become famous 
in the world, I need not remind you that there is a 
special interest and significance in casting in our lot 
with those whose fortune it is not to inherit history 
but to make it. I accept your expression of confidence, 
and promise that I shall do my best to deserve it. 


The following is a report of the speech delivered by His Excellency 
the Governor-General, after distributing the prizes at the school 
entertainment in the Opera House, on Friday last, December 
23, 1878. His Excellency said :— 


Ladies and Gentlemen, and my young friends, 
the pupils of the Public Schools,—Let me ex- 
press to you the pleasure I feel in being with 


uence 
antage 
of the 
s and 
ere SO 
to be 
bveted, 
which 
to be 

ed so 
at you 
et pro- 
H from 
re shall 
judge 
and al- 
r city, 
famous 
re is a 
our lot 
history 
idence, 
it. 


xcellency 
he school 
Yecember 


friends, 
ne ex- 
g with 


OTTAWA, 7878. 193 


you to-night, in being able to wish you all a merry 
Christmas and a happy New Year, and in having an 
opportunity of giving to the successful candidates for 
honours the prizes which they have so well won in 
the competitions which have taken place. I con- 
gratulate them upon their laurels, and I wish, after 
handing to them the proof of their success, to say to 
them how fortunate I consider them to be, in that their 
lot has been cast in a land where education is so much 
prized, and where, both in the Public Schools and in 
the Separate Schools, it is so well known how to give 
effect to the value set by ali the community upon the 
thorough and universal training of the youth of the 
country. I have heard men who have come from 
England and from Scotland say, on learning of the 
manner in which schools are sown broadcast in On- 
tario, and on understanding the system of education 
adopted here, and the nature of the tuition given, “I 
wish that I in my time had had only the tenth part of 
the schooling which is given to the boys and girls in 
Canada.” Let me tell you what lately brought home 
to my mind, in the most striking way, the consideration 
and care the Canadians bestow upon their schools. 
At the great Paris Exhibition this year, where the 
things in which each nation took an especial pride 
were paraded before the eyes of the world, the space 
allotted to Canada was largely occupied with the books, 
the atlases, and the furniture of all kinds used here in 
the schools, while no other country seemed to have 
thought of exhibiting anything of the kind. It was 


remarked how wise it was of this young country to 
N 


3 acme eparertmesn i (inte 
otis Hn ent lle aa, “apatite ili “ 
\ = Ae ses + Reanieao.d a sel 


194 OTTAWA, 1878. 


show these things, for it told the world that she does 
not oly invite to her fair and untilled’ lands the self- 
reliai.c and honest among the crowded populations of 
Europe, but it told how well the sons of the emigrant, 
as well as of the resident, were cared for, and educated 
in the Provinces of the Dominion. I am afraid that 
with many of the books shown at Paris, our young 
friends are much better acquainted than many of us, 
their elders, can now pretend to be; and I am sure 
that many of the clever young Canadians whom you 
see before you, could give us, whose learning has be- 
come rusty, many a bit of knowledge which might still 
stand us in good stead. ‘The exhibition at Paris from 
your schools filled up what some said was a blank, 
namely, the absence of any of the fruits of your won- 
derful harvests, and of any machinery from Canada. 
It was said, I remember, that the fruit could not be 
carried, but perhaps it was owing to a wish not to 
wound the susceptibilities of the Old World that none 
of the beautiful products of your orchards were there, 
and because you did not wish that any of your modest- 
looking but unapproachable pommes grises, or blushing 
and splendid Pippin apples, should appear in the 
character of apples of discord. It may have been 
owing to the same wish not to excite unduly and un- 
necessarily the envy of others, that no machinery was 
exhibited from Canada, and that while other nations 
were making the great building resound and vibrate 
to the whirr of wheels driven by steam ; you did not, 
even by so much as a picture, remind the Parisians of 
your wealth in water power as well as in steam, and 


he does 
he self- 
tions of 
migrant, 
ducated 
aid that 
r young 
y of us, 
am sure 
om you 
| has be- 
ight still 
aris from 
a blank, 
our won- 
Canada. 
d not be 
sh not to 
that none 
ere there, 
r modest- 
- blushing 
ar in the 
ave been 
> and un- 
inery was 
2r nations 
1d vibrate 
1 did not, 
arisians of 
team, and 


OTTAWA, 2878. 195 


there w3. nothing to show the citizen of London or of 
Paris, whc supposes the Thames or the Seine to be 
the greatest streams on earth, why he should be 
ashamed of himself if he could but lcok upon the 
Ottawa or the St. Lawrence. Lut the school display 
made up for any blank, and under the shadow of the 
magnificent Canadian lumber trophy which adorned 
the palace, reaching to the roof, and which demon- 
strated the wealth of your forests, were the implements 
you use for the cultivation of your greatest treasure— 
the ready brains and quick intelligence of your youth. 
I am glad to meet some of thos. to-night for whom all 
that preparation is made; and first, I would say to 
those who have not this year been among the prize 
winners, that I shall hope to see some of their names 
in the opposite category another year. “ Better luck 
next time” is a good saying, but ‘“‘ Never say die” 
is perhaps a better. ‘Iry again, and yet again, and 
you will succeed. Many a man begins, and has begun 
in all times of the world, at the first rung of the ladder, 
who finds himself, if he will only give his own gifts 
their due, at the top at the end. I do not know that 
I need recommend to you that most delightful book 
of history, ‘‘ The Tales of a Grandfather,” written by 
Sir Walter Scott. He describes, as few can, the despair 
of the Scottish king, who lay, tired to death, and 
pondering whether he should or should not try again 
the apparently hopeless task to deliver his country 
from her strong and terrible enemies; and how a 
spider, spinning her web in the rafters over his head, 
was seen by him to fail again and again, and yet 


196 OTTAWA, 7878. 


again, until eight times she had endeavoured to fix a 
thread, and eight times she had found the space too 
great to span; and how he said within himself, “If 
she try again and fail, I too shall deem my task hope- 
less ;” but the ninth time the attempt was made and 
did not fail, and I need not pursue the story further, 
or tell you how Scotsmen look back, through moie 
than five centuries, on the resolve then taken by Bruce 
with feelings of gratitude and pride which can never 
fade and die. But there are other cases of men who 
had become famous for their ability to do that which 
at first seemed impossible. Let me mention one (to 
come down to our own times) because his name is 
widely known and honoured as one of the greatest 
financiers of our day. I allude to Mr. Gladstone, who, 
as you know, was the last Prime Minister in Great 
Britain and was acknowledged by both parties in the 
State to be one of the best Finance Ministers who 
ever presided over the National Exchequer. When 
Mr. Gladstone was a young man, and was about to go 
to the university (as several of you are about now to 
leave school for college), he told his father that there 
was one branch of learning in which he must not ex- 
pect his son to distinguish himself, and that was in 
mathematics, as he had no turn for figures. He went 
to the university, and he came out as what is calleda 
“ double first,” that is, he proved himself to have be- 
come as superior to others in mathematics as in the 
classical studies, and took first honours in both. I 
need not tell you here, in this free and happy country, 
that it is quite unnecessary for any one to have any 


Ss. 


tc 


to fix a 
ace too 
self, “If 
sk hope- 
ade and 
further, 
gh moie 
by Bruce 
an never 
yen who 
hat which 
one (to 

s name is 
p greatest 
one, who, 
in Great 
ies in the 
sters who 
r. When 
bout to go 
ut now to 
that there 
ist not ex- 
lat was in 
He went 
is called a 
> have be- 
; as in the 
1 both. I 
oy country, 
» have any 


OTTAWA, 12878. 197 


artificial advantage in getting to the head of a profes- 
sion. Industry will find a way, here perhaps more 
easily than in the old country, though there it is open 
to all to rise to the highest places. I will only cite 
one other instance of remarkable success, because it is 
within my knowledge. It is the case of a man who 
was one of the greatest shipbuilders on the Clyde, and 
who built, among many other vessels, the splendid 
war-ship, the Black Prince, which was lately at Halifax, 
under command of one of the Queen’s sons, the Duke 
of Edinburgh. The builder of that vessel died lately, 
one of the wealthiest and most successful of Glasgow’s 
great shipbuilders, and had furnished more fine vessels 
to the mercantile and war marine of Great Britain 
than perhaps any one in his time, for he lived to a 
good old age. His fortune was made by his own 
strong hand, good head and honest heart. His name 
was Robert Napier, and I cannot wish you a better 
career than his, or that you should seek your fortune 
with greater uprightness and courage. I heartily wish 
continued success to you who have received prizes 
this evening. Allow me to hint to you that you must 
not relax your exertions. If I may use the metaphor, 
you have learned to swim, but many a stroke is neces- 
sary before you can hope to reach your goal. Deter- 
mine what your goal shall be, and strike out straight 
for it. You have a variety of pursuits in this country. 
Determine to be of use to the land which has given 
you birth. Determine tobe acredit to it. Remember 
that you are Canadians, and remember what this 
means. It means that you belong to a people who 


Sie 
eee 
ae 


ee 


ams tape een eal ea 


- . 
ry 


198 KINGSTON, 2879. 


: are loyal to their Queen, whom they reverence as one 4 
| of the most perfect of women, and as their Sovereign ; 5 
and who see in her the just ruler under whose impar- ¢ 
tial sway the various races, creeds, and nationalities of d 
this great Empire are bound together in happiness and d 
unity. But to be loyal means even more than this. tl 
It means that you are true to your duties to your fel- g 
low-countrymen, and that you will work with and for h 
all, for the common weal in brotherhood and tolerance. 0 
It means, finally, that you will be true to your self-re- fe 
spect, that you will do nothing unworthy of the love g 
of your God, who made you in His image, and set you a 
in this fair land. I believe that you will each and all g 
of you be loyal and true Canadians, that you will de- nr 
vote your energies throughout your lives for the good ) 


of your native province, and for the welfare of this 
wide Dominion, and I feel in speaking to you that I 
address those whose children will assuredly be the 
fathers of a mighty nation. 


During a visit to Kingston in 1879, the degree of Doctor of Laws of 
Queen’s College was conferred upon the Governor-General, and 
an address was presented by the Trustees. His Excellency, in 

acknowledging the honour conferred, said :— 


Mr. Chancellor, Principal Grant and Gentlemen,— 
Believe me I am deeply sensible of the honour 
you have conferred upon me by conferring on me the 
degree of Doctor of Laws at this time and in this 
place. I say at this time, because it is a time in which 
we have been sent here to represent her Majesty ; and 


Pas one 
ereign ; 
b impar- 
hlities of 
ness and 
an this. 
your fel- 
and for 
olerance. 
r self-re- 
the love 
d set you 

and all 
1 will de- 
the good 
e of this 
ou that I 
ly be the 


rof Laws of 
yeneral, and 
<cellency, in 


tlemen,— 
e honour 
yn me the 
id in this 
e in which 
esty ; and 


KINGSTON, 1879. 199 


at this place, because here I see represented every 
section, creed, and class of the great community of 
Canada. I accept the honour, if you will allow me to 
do so, not because I myself am worthy of it, for I feel 
deeply my own unworthiness, but as a recognition of 
the position which has been conferred upon me by the 
grace of the Sovereign. (Cheers.) Iam glad that it 
has taken place here, because it has just been pointed 
out to me we are in front of that building in which 
formerly met the Parliament of Canada, and which, 
good building as it is, when compared with the great 
and handsome Parliament buildings now at Ottawa, 
gives a just impression of the progress and advance- 
ment made in a short while in this great country. The 
only personal claim I have to represent her Majesty 
in this country, is that I have had some experience in 
that great law-making assembly in Great Britain, her 
House of Commons. But here I occupy a position 
unknown in the constitution of foreign countries, as 
a political doctor, because whatever prescriptions I 
give must be such that they can hardly be visible 
to or appreciated by the public. (Laughter.) They 
must be written in invisible ink—(laughter)—and I 
can only give a prescription at all when I meet with 
other physicians in consultation; and any remedy 
given must be given, not by myself, although it may 
be administered by any others of those whom I meet 
in consultation. (Great laughter.) This is a peculiar 
position, and one which is totally incomprehensible 
to many foreign doctors. (Loud laughter.) But I 
am glad to see by your presence and by the kindness 


REE MH Na 


4 
ie | 
ts 
213 
H 
ie: 
ia 
ne 
2 
| 
a3 


Pereibkesinase 


si nc A Rp i RA tg bth A 
# 


200 KINGSTON, 1879. 


of your reception to-day, and by the manner in which 
you are working out your political destinies, that you 
kncw the value and importance of such a position. 
(Applause.) I thank you for the kindliness of your 
reception, and I assure Mr. Chancellor and Principal, 
that I shall always look back with pride and pleasure 
to the day on which I received this academical distinc- 
tion at the hands of the authorities of Queen’s College. 
(Loud cheering.) 


In acknowledging the address he said :— 


To THE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEEN’S 
CoLLEGE :—Gentlemen,—I am much rejoiced at learn- 
ing from you of the large number of students at present 
attending the Queen’s College, and hail this as a proof 
that the high tone of the instruction here imparted, and 
the excellence of all matters connected with the organi- 
sation and management of this seat of learning, have 
challenged the attention and won the entire confidence 
and approbation of the people of this part of the Pro- 
vince. I don’t know whether a general holiday is the 
best occasion on which to enter an abode of learning. 
But you will agree with me that it is not only learning 
which makes a man wise, but that his heart and _ his 
affections have also something to do in the promotion 
of wisdom. ‘To-day your preparation for the future, 
in the matter of labour in gathering knowledge, is laid 
aside in order that you may let the heart speak and 
show gratitude for the blessings you now enjoy, and 


t 
€ 
I 
r 
V 


which 
at you 
bsition. 
f your 
incipal, 
pleasure 
distinc- 
ollege. 


[YUEEN’S 
at learn- 
present 
S a proof 
‘ted, and 
e organi- 
ng, have 
nfidence 
the Pro- 
ay is the 
learning. 
learning 
and his 
‘omotion 
e future, 
e, Is laid 
eak and 
joy, and 


KINGSTON, 1879. 201 


that your fathers have bequeathed to you in the liberty 
enjoyed under our gracious Queen, the best inter- 
preter of the best constitution ever perfected by any 
nation. (Cheers.) We thank you in her name for the 
welcome accorded to us, and we identify ourselves 
with you in the satisfaction you must experience in 
the ceremonial of to-day, for in the achievement of 
the task of raising so large a sum of money, the 
inhabitants of Kingston show that they wish their 
children to follow the loyal, prudent footsteps of those 
who are proud of the name of this city, and are re- 
solved that the next generation shall receive their 
instruction from no foreign hands, but at home. 
(Cheers.) Just as Kingston in former days knew how 
to defend herself and keep her own, so will you on 
the field of learning ensure that no ground gained by 
the genius, the labour and the science of former days 
be lost, but that, strong in the conquests of the past, 
your students may be free to undertake fresh work, 
and that each man for himself may advance on new 
paths of progress. (Loud cheers.) 

Ladies and Gentlemen, —Now that the first stone 
of the new college has been laid, let me congratulate 
you who have met here on this auspicious day. My 
observations will not take much time, and shall be 
brief, because, with the best voice I can command, I 
fear it is perfectly impossible for me to make my 
utterances reach over so large an area and be audible 
to so great an audience as that [ have the honour of 
seeing before me to-day. Indeed, if it were probable 
that some of those young men whoare here as students 


202 KINGSTON, 17879. 


would, in after life, have the honour of addressing so 
great a multitude of their fellow-countrymen, I should 
certainly advise the authorities of the college to erect 
a chair for teaching the art of elocution—(applause)— 
so that the volume of the voice might be increased to 
reach much further than I am afraid is possible for 
me to-day. But let me join with you in wishing 
continued success to the Queen’s College University 
at Kingston—(applause)—to associate myself with you 
in the hope that this new building will long stand as a 
monument to the generosity of the townspeople of 
this generation—(applause)—and to the talent of the 
architect who has designed so handsome and imposing 
a structure. (Cheers.) I shall not inflict upon you 
many observations upon the subject of education, for 
I know no ears to which such observations would 
sound more trite than those of the people of Ontario, 
who have shown by the ample and magnificent pro- 
vision which they have made for education in this 
province, how all-important they consider it is, that 
this growing population, extending as it is so rapidly, 
and being recruited from almost all quarters of the 
world, should receive a thorough and well-grounded 
training, and be well instructed in all learning and 
knowledge. (Applause.) I trust that this college 
may be a home of happy memories to all who shall 
receive their education here and who will go forth to 
spread its renown far and wide. (Loud cheers.) ‘This 
place is already comparatively old, and I must consider 
this town of Kingston, which has already made its 
mark in the history of this country, as fortunate in 


sing sO 
shoulé 
Oo erect 
nuse)— 
ased to 
ible for 
wishing 
iversity 
ith you 
ind as a 
pople of 
t of the 
mposing 
pon you 
tion, for 
is would 
Ontario, 
ent pro- 
. in this 
is, that 
. rapidly, 
s of the 
rounded 
ing and 
; college 
ho shall 
forth to 
s.) This 
consider 
made its 
unate in 


KINGSTON, 1579. 203 


possessing a university—for certainly by the possession 
of such an institution, one of those wants is supplied 
which is rather too apt to be visible in a new and 
enterprising country. (Applause.) Where many are 
rather apt to suppose that sufficient is done by a school 
education for the practical and rougher life, which is 
the lot of many here, I am sure that all present value 
the higher training to be alone obtained in a university. 
(Applause.) It would be superfluous to dwell upon 
the value of the completion and of the elaboration of 
education imparted by such an institution, for large 
as Canada is, the world is even larger—(applause)— 
and by such a higher training avenues are opened 
throughout every profession in England and her great 
dependencies, for there is no office in this vast Empire 
which is not open to Canadian talent. (Loud ap- 
plause.) It is on this ground that I believe we can 
confidently appeal to the generosity of the wealthy, 
that generosity which is the mainspring of every 
institution in a free country. (Cheers.) It was in 
1836 that it was said by those who founded the 
college, that ‘‘a deep and wide foundation had been 
laid, a foundation capable of extension,” and I 
rejoice that now in the lifetime of the generation 
which has succeeded to that in which those words 
were spoken, there is so fair a promise of the com- 
pletion of the work, and that those aspirations will 
be realised. (Applause.) And now let me men- 
tion one other bond of union between the students 
of this college and myself, and another cause of 
sympathy, for with your honoured and learned Prin- 


204 KINGSTON, 7579. 


cipal I have this bond of fellowship, that we were 
both friends—and I may almost say pupils—of a great 
preacher and a very beloved man, not the least of 
whose merits in your eyes will be that it was owing to 
his persuasion that your late Principal undertook the 
charge of this college. (Loud cheers.) And I believe 
it was also owing to his initiative that your present 
Principal undertook a charge in Canada, an action 
which ultimately led up to his present position where 
he is honoured and revered by you all. I allude to 
the late Rev. Norman Macleod. (Loud cheers.) And, 
gentlemen, I have one other cause for feeling a fellow- 
ship with you, and that is, that I had the advantage 
for sometime of being a student at a Scottish university, 
and in very much I trace paints of resemolance between 
the system of your university and that which obtained 
at home, and especially ‘n this that, although founded 
by a Scotchman, this institution of Queen’s College is 
one absolutely free and open to every denomination. 
(Applause.) Indeed this institution is in its features 
so much like the great universities at home, the great 
University of Edinburgh, for example, to whose propor- 
tions I hope you will in course of time attain, that I 
almost expect to see some gentleman make a proposal 
which will fill the only serious want I detect in your 
organisation, and that is, that there is no provision liere 
for aCeltic chair for the teaching of the Gaelic language. 
I am sure that in this opinion all our Irish friends 
will join, for what is a Highlander but an Irishman ? 
(Laughter and applause.) What is he but a banished 
Irishman ?—(renewed laughter)—speaking a language 


—_ “A5 


AS 


b were 
ah great 
bast of 
‘ing to 
ok the 
believe 
present 
action 

) where 
ude to 
And, 
fellow- 
vantage 
iversity, 
between 
bbtained 
ounded 
ollege is 
ination. 
features 
he great 
propor- 
, that I 
oroposal 
in your 
ion here 
nguage. 
friends 
shman P 
anished 
anguage 


KINGSTON, 2879. 205 


which I am sure would be pronounced by the ancient 
Four Masters to be a mutilated form of the old Irish 
language. (Great laughter and cheers.) And now 
that I have mentioned Scottish students, I am sure 
you will not think that I am making any invidious 
comparison when I allude to the noble example I 
have seen set by them in the determination and energy 
with which I have known them prosecute their studies. 
(Hear, hear.) I have known at St. Andrew’s men go 
up to the university so little able to afford the necessary 
money for their stay there, that they have apprenticed 
themselves to resident tradesmen in the town, and have 
risen at I do not know what hour of night or morning, 
and have gone through the whole of the manual 
labour necessary for their temporary profession—(loud 
applause)—-and after this exhausting labour have 
attended throughout the day at their classes in the 
university and have managed there to takea high place 
with their fellow-students. (Loud applause.) I am 
sure you will not think I mention this because I 
imagine that anybody is not capable of the same effort, 
for although wealth is much more evenly divided here 
than it is in Scotland, I believe you are here animated 
by the same spirit. (Cheers.) I remember mention- 
ing the example of the Scottish students to a famous 
and learned professor of Cambridge, the late Professor 
Whewell, of Trinity, and he thought that an invidious 
comparison was intended, for he sharply replied to me, 
‘Well, there is nothing to prevent you working here.” 
(Great laughter.) This is not the way in which you will 
take my little story. I am sure there is not only 


£1 setae fa eR sites ie: Sakai 
a cs 
a omsoppyoug wet om 


206 KINGSTON, 1879. 


nothing to prevent you working here, but that there 
is everything to make you do so, and I am confident 
the students here will take advantage of their oppor- 
tunities, and do their best to make the name of a 
Canadian an honoured designation throughout the 
world. (Loud and long-continued applause.) 


At the Royal Military College, Kingston, the Governor-General 
attended the distribution of prizes, and, at the close, his Excel- 
lency rose and delivered the following speech :— 

Gentlemen Cadets of the Royal Military College,— 
On the Princess’s behalf I must first express her 
pleasure in giving you the prizes awarded for mental 
worth and also for physical exercises—(applause)— 
and I cannot say how much satisfaction I have had to- 
day in seeing the manceuvres so well executed during 
the very pretty little field day you have gone through, 
and in thoroughly examining into every part of this 
Institution, and seeing myself the place which, I believe, 
will hereafter be as famous in Canadian history as the 
training place of the officers in whom Canada puts her 
trust as is Woolwich in England, or the Academy at 
West Point, among our neighbours. (Applause.) In 
being here I confess I think your lines are cast in 
pleasant places, and it is well that it should be so, for 
to judge from my own experience when going through 
a course of training at Woolwich, it may be possible 
that in future years you will re-visit this scene of your 
early labours. It is often the case that after some 
years’ service, students of the military art find that 
owing to the constant progress made in military science, 


there 
fident 
Dppor- 
of a 
it the 


General 
Excel- 


ege,— 
ss her 
mental 
use)— 
ad to- 
during 
rough, 
of this 
elieve, 
-as the 
uts her 
emy at 
>.) In 
cast in 
so, for 
hrough 
ossible 
of your 
r some 
d that 
clience, 


KINGSTON, 1879. 207 


they have fallen a little behind, have perhaps become 
a little rusty, and have to go back for a time to drill. 
This may be the case here as well as in other armies, 
and if ever I have the pleasure in future years again 
of visiting Kingston, I may find some of the young 
and soldier-like body whom I have now the pleasure 
of addressing, again going through “ repository ” work 
as stout captains or as weighty majors—(laughter)— 
here again for a while to polish off any little rust that 
may have accumulated in their minds. It is certainly 
a matter of surprise to find what wonders have been 
accomplished by this school in a short time, and how 
under the able, energetic, and genial leadership of 
Col. Hewitt, and of the instructors, to whom you owe 
an uncommon debt of gratitude, for their work has been 
very hard, and like the British Infantry, they are ex- 
cellent, but they are too few—(applause)—a school of 
arms has arisen which will bear comparison with some 
of the oldest of similar institutions in other countries. 
The good which has been done in this school is evi- 
dent to all who visit it, and this is recognised by those 
who have not had that advantage, but who, hearing of 
your progress, and reposing, with good reason, con- 
fidence in the able board of officers who guide your 
studies, have afforded their support to an experiment 
which may be already pronounced a great success. It 
is not only one Province that is represented amongst 
you, but the Dominion at large, and we may look for- 
ward to having many from the gallant Province of 
Quebec—(applause)—whose famous military annals 
will, Iam confident, should necessity arise, be repro- 


208 KINGSTON, 17879. 


duced in the actions of her sons. (Applause.) The life 
that you have led in this place and the spirit of com- 
radeship here engendered will be a bond of union for 
our Canadian Dominion—(applause)—and many of 
you when you leave this will feel for your Alma Mater 
that sentiment of affection which Napoleon felt for St. 
Cyr. May this Kingston Military Academy bea fruitful 
mother of armed science—(applause)—and a source 
of confidence and pride to her country. You will go 
hence after your studies are completed as men well 
skilled in many of those acquirements which may 
be looked upon as wont to lead to success in civil 
life ; but above all, you will be officers to whom can 
be entrusted with confidence the leadership of our 
Canadian Militia. (Applause.) It will be your duty 
to command those who are called out for service first 
of all for the defence of your own homes; but I doubt 
not that you will always remember that in belonging 
to the Canadian Militia you belong to an auxiliary 
force of the Imperial army, whose services are con- 
stantly illustrating anew, in distant and various climes, 
and against every kind of foe, the qualities of the 
British valour and the virtues which have made Britain 
what she is. (Applause.) It may never be your fate 
to have any share in war’s convulsions, and you may 
have no opportunity of doing what the Zulus would 
call, “‘ Washing your spears.” Do not on that account 
think that your time has been misspent, or regret the 
preparation which is the best means of preventing any 
disaster falling upon your country. ‘The training you 
have here received will certainly not only pay well in 


he life 
bf com- 
ion for 
any of 
1. Mater 
for St. 
fruitful 
source 
will go 
en well 
ch may 
in civil 
om can 
of our 
bur duty 
ice first 
I doubt 
elonging 
auxiliary 
are con- 
s climes, 
s of the 
e Britain 
your fate 
you may 
us would 
f account 
egret the 
iting any 
ning you 
y well in 


MONTREAL, 7879. 209 


giving you those habits of mind and knowledge which 
will be of advantage to you whatever line in life you 
pursue, but will help you to become good citizens, 
and will make you worthy representatives of that 
home army which is so essential for the defence of 
the land. It is the proud fortune of those who follow 
that profession, of which it has been finely said that 
“it is their trade to die,” to know that by their life 
they not only foster those feelings of manliness and 
hardihood without which life is not worth having, but 
that it is also under their protecting arm that every 
profession pursues its even way, and arts and com- 
merce flourish, and wealth increases in security. (Loud 
applause.) 


On the 24th May 18709, after an interesting review at Montreal of a” 
militia force, comprising one regiment of American Militia from 
New York State, a dinner was given at the Windsor Hotel, and, 
in reply to the toast of his health, the Governor-General rose 


and said ;:— 
Gentlemen and Officers of the Canadian Militia, — 
Allow me to thank you from the depth of my heart for 
the extreme kindness of your reception, but you must 
allow me to ascribe that reception to my official posi- 
tion, for I am fully conscious that I have been too short 
a time among you to be able to do more than to claim 
your kindness and consideration. With the Princess it 
is different, and I believe I can claim for her personally 
a warmer feeling. (Tremendous applause.) I cannot 
tell you enough on her behalf of her feelings as to the 
manner in which she has been received by every section 
0 


210 MONTREAL, 1879. 


of the Canadian people. I am often asked how she 
likes this country, and I can only repiy to the numer- 
ous inquirers by repeating what I have said to those who 
have asked personally, that although she likes this coun- 
try very much, she likes the people a great deal better. 
(Great cheering.) I must not forget to thank Sir Ed- 
ward Selby Smyth for the extreme cordiality with which 
he was so good as to propose this toast, and I can assure 
him that it is not only here amongst Canadian officers, 
but anywhere else, I should have been proud to hear 
from him the words he has used. (Cheers.) He has, I 
am sure, earned the gratitude of every militia regiment 
in Canada during the time that he has been here, and 
he speaks, I am sure, as your representative, with the 
full voice of your authority. (Renewed cheering.) He 
has held before your eyes a high standard, he has 
held that standard up with a most efficient hand, and 
I believe you thoroughly well know how valuable his 
services have been, and what an advantage it is to 
have an officer at the head of the Canadian militia who 
has had experience in active warfare. (Loud cheers.) 
The manner in which the manceuvres were performed 
to-day show how much value you have attached to his 
teaching—what full advantage you have taken of all the 
opportunities given to you. And while I am speaking 
on the subject of the review, allow me to congratulate 
you on having in your midst to-day, and forming so 
splendid a part of your spectacle, the gallant American 
regiment, many of whose officers I have the pleasure 
of seeing in this hall. (Great cheering.) I wish to 
repeat to them to-night what I had the honour of say- 


ow she 
numer- 
bse who 
is coun- 
better. 
Sir Ed- 
h which 
n assure 
officers, 
to hear 
e has, I 
egiment 
ere, and 
with the 
g.) He 
, he has 
and, and 
uable his 
» It Is to 
ilitia who 
1 cheers.) 
erformed 
ied to his 
of all the 
speaking 
igratulate 
yrming so 
American 
pleasure 
I wish to 
ur of say- 


MONTREAL, 17879. 2I1 


ing to the regiment at large, that I thank them most 
sincerely for having come this journey to honour our 
Queen’s Birthday—(tremendous applause)—and I re- 
gard their having undertaken the journey, and having 
come here, as a proof of the amity of feeling and sen- 
timent for us which is as strong in the breasts of the 
American people as is their community with us in 
that freedom in which we recognise our common heri- 
tage. (Cheering.) I believe I am not wrong in say- 
ing that they have paid us an unusual compliment in 
allowing their band to play our National Anthem, 
while a part of their musicians were arrayed in our 
national colour. Some of the band wore the Queen’s 
colour,.and I believe I am not misinterpreting the feel- 
ings of the officers here present when I say, that the 
very many Americans, not only those of British race, 
but many others, wear in one sense the Queen’s colour 
at their hearts—(loud cheers and applause)—not only 
because she Is the Queen of that old country with 
which so many of their most glorious memories are 
for ever identified,—that old country of which they are 
in their hearts as proud as I can honestiy say England 
is of them,—but also because the Americans are a 
gallant nation, and love a good woman. (Great ap- 
plause.) They have lent us a helping hand to-day, 
and I believe they will always be ready to do so, 
should occasion arise on which we may ask them to 
stand by us. (Tremendous cheering.) We have had 
a very pleasant day together, which has been followed 
by a restful evening anc a pleasant dinner—pleasant 
to all, I venture to say—vut restful only to those whose 


212 MUNI KEAL, 1879. 


fate it has not been, when the dessert has been put 
upon the table, and the wine has been passed round, 
to be obliged, by making speeches, to “open fire” 
again. (Laughter and applause.) If an army could 
always depend upon having such a good commissariat 
as our little force has enjoyed to-day, it is my belief 
that field days would be even more popular than they 
are—(laughter)—and I doubt if the finances of any 
people, no matter how many changes they should 
make in their tariff, could long stand the expense. 
(Laughter.) But if nations are happier when there is 
no need for them to squander wealth, and spread 
sorrow and disaster by the maintenance of large forces 
kept on foot for purposes of offence; yet it will be 
generally conceded that no nation should be content 
without a numerous, an efficient, and well-organised 
defensive force. This Canada and the United States 
fortunately possess—(applause)—and the motto which 
was proposed by Lord Carlisle as that which the 
volunteer force of England should take, viz., ‘‘ Defence, 
not defiance,” is one which is equally suitable to our 
kindred peoples. At our review to-day we have had 
one of the few occasions on which it has been possible 
of late to bring a fair number of men together for 
united drill. Good drill requires constant attention 
and work, and I believe it has certainly been the 
opinion of the spectators of the force to-day, that 
officers and men have made the best use of the oppor- 
tunities which have been given them. (Loud cheer- 
ing.) Our militia force is large in number, and we 
have had during the last two years the best proof of 


vy could 
hissariat 
y belief 
an they 
of any 
should 
bxpense. 
there is 
spread 
be forces 
will be 
content 
rganised 
>d States: 
to which 
hich the 
Defence, 
le to our 
have had 
possible 
ether for 
attention 
been the 
day, that 
he oppor- 
id cheer- 
and we 
t proof of 


MONTREAL, 17879. 213 


the spirit with which it is animated. I should be 
neglecting an important duty were I not to take this 
opportunity of tendering the warmest thanks of Her 
Majesty, and of the Imperial authorities at home, to 
those gallant officers of the Canadian Militia Force 
who have of late so often offered themselves for ser- 
vice in active warfare—(cheers)—and to assure them 
that although it was not necessary to take advantage 
of their offers, that their readiness to serve has been 
none the less valued, noted, and appreciated, and that 
the patriotic spirit which binds together all branches 
of our Queen’s army in whatever quarter of the globe 
they may stand, and from whatever race they may 
spring, is seen with pride and satisfaction. (Loud 
applause.) And, gentlemen, although the bearers of 
commissions in our militia service have not been able 
to show their devotion personally to their Sovereign 
and country among the lofty ranges of Afghanistan, or 
on the bush-covered slopes of Zululand, yet the news 
of the distant contests waged in these regions has, we 
know, been watched here with as close an interest, as 
intense and hearty a sympathy, as in Britain itself— 
(applause) ;—and the sorrow at the loss of such gallant 
officers as Northeyand Weatherley—(tremendous cheer- 
ing)—has been shared with our comrades in arms in 
the old country, not only because the same uniform is 
here worn, but also because the honoured dead are 
united with our people by ties of the closest relation- 
ship. The dividing seas have not sundered the 
brotherhood which the love of a gracious Sovereign, 
and the passion for freedom, make the lasting blessing 


214 MONTREAL, 1879. 


of the great English communities—(great cheering) ;— 
and just as our country shows that she can strike from 
the central power whenever menaced, so will her 
children’s States, wherever situated, respond to any 
call made upon them, and prove that England’s union 
with the great colonies is none the less strong because 
it depends on no parchment bonds or ancient legal 
obligations, but derives its might from the warm attach- 
ment, the living pride in our Empire, and the freewill 
offerings of her loving, her grateful, anc her gallant 
sons. (Long continued cheering.) 


The opening of an Art Institute at Montreal in 1879 gave occasion 
to the following reply to an address :— 


Ladies and Gentlemen,—This is the first occasion, 
I believe, on which a large company, representing 
much of the influence and wealth of this great city, 
has met together in order formally to inaugurate the 
opening of the buildings of an Art Institute. Through 
the kindness of the President and Vice-President, I 
have already had an opportunity to-day to inspect the 
works with which this city, through the munificence 
of Mr. Gibb, has been endowed. I think Montreal 
can be honestly and warmly congratulated, not only 
upon the possession of a collection which will go far 
to make her Art Gallery one of the most notable of 
her institutions, but on having succeeded in getting 
possession of funds enough, at a time by no means 
propitious, to give a home to this collection in the 
Gallery in which we are assembled, and to have erected 


ng) ;— 
e from 
ill her 
to any 
5 union 
because 
t legal 
attach- 
freewill 
gallant 


occasion 


ccasion, 
esenting 
eat city, 
rate the 
Through 
ident, I 
spect the 
nificence 
Montreal 
not only 
ill go far 
table of 
1 getting 
oO means 
n in the 
e erected 


MONTREAL, 1879. 215 


a building large enough to exhibit to advantage many 
other pictures besides those belonging to the bequest. 
It is perhaps too customary that the speeches of one 
in my position should express an over-sanguine view 
of the hopes and aspirations of the various communi- 
ties in the country, and I believe the utterances of a 
Governor-General may often be compared to the works 
of the great English painter, Turner, who, at all events 
in his late years, painted his pictures so that the whole 
of the canvas was illuminated and lost in a haze of 
azure and gold, which, if it could be called truthful to 
Nature, had, at all events, the effect uf hiding much 
of what, if looked at too closely, might have been 
considered detrimental to the beauty of the scene. 
(Applause.) If I were disposed to accept the criti- 
cisms of some artists, I should be inclined to endorse 
the opinion I have heard expressed, that one of the 
few wants of this country is a proper appreciation and 
countenance of Art; but the meeting here to-day to 
inaugurate the reign of Art in Montreal enables me 
to disprove such an assertion, and to gild over with a 
golden hue more true than that of many of Turner’s 
pictures this supposed spot upon the beauty of our 
Canadian atmosphere. Certainly in Toronto, here 
and elsewhere, gentlemen have already employed their 
brush to good effect. We may look forward to the 
time when the influence of such associations as yours 
may be expected to spread until we have here, what 
they formerly had in Italy, such a love of Art that, as 
was the case with the great painter Correggio, our Cana- 
dian artists may be allowed to wander over the land 


$5 
ay 
By 
es 
a 
Be 
a 8 
: 


216 MONTREAL, 1879. 


scot free of expense, because the hotel keepers will 
only be too happy to allow them to pay their bills by 
the painting of some small portrait, or of some sign 
for “mine host.” (Laughter and applause.) Why 
should we not be able to point to a Canadian school 
of painting, for in the appreciation of many branches 
of art, and in proficiency in science, Canada may 
favourably compare with any country. Only the other 
day Mrs. Scott-Siddons told me that she found her 
Canadian audiences more enthusiastic and intelligent 
than any she had met. Our Dominion may claim 
that the voices of her daughters are as clear as her 
own serene skies; and who can deny that in music, 
Nature has been most ably assisted by Art, when from 
one of the noble educational establishments in the 
neighbourhood of this city, Mademoiselle Albani was 
sent forth to charm the critical audiences of Europe 
and America? Canada may hold her head high ir 
the kindred fields of Science; for who is it who has 
been making the shares of every Gas Company in 
every city fall before the mere rumours of his genius 
but a native Canadian, Mr. Edison, the inventor of 
the electric light? In another branch of Art her science 
must also be conceded. In photography it cannot be 
denied that our people challenge the most able com- 
petition. (Applause.) I have heard it stated that one 
of the many causes of the gross ignorance which pre- 
vails abroad with reference to our beautiful climate, 
is owing to the persistence with which our photo- 
graphers love to represent chiefly our winter scenes. 
But this has been so much the case, and these photc 


ers will 
bills by 
ne sign 
) Why 
1 school 
ranches 
da may 
e other 
nd her 
telligent 
ry claim 
r as her 

music, 
en from 
s in the 
bani was 
Europe 
high ir 
who has 
\pany in 
S genius 
entor of 
r science 
annot be 
ble com- 
that one 
nich pre- 
climate, 
r photo- 
> scenes. 
e phote 


“MONTREAL, 1879. 217 


graphs excite so much admiration, that I hear that in 
the old country the practice has been imitated, so that 
if there may have been harm at first the very beauty 
of these productions has prevented its continuance, 
because they are no longer distinctively Canadian, and 
the ladies in the far more trying climates of Europe 
are also represented in furs by their photographers, so 
that this fashion is no longer a distinguishing charac- 
teristic of our photography; in proof of this I may 
mention that in a popular song which has obtained 
much vogue in London, the principal performer 
sings :— 


** I’ve been photographed like this, 
I’ve been photographed like that, 
I’ve been photographed in falling snow, 
In a long furry hat.” 


No doubt these winter photographs do give some of 
our friends in the old country the belief that it is the 
normal habit of young Canadian ladies to stand tran- 
quilly in the deep snow, enjoying a temperature of 33° 
below zero—(laughter) ;—and it would certainly givea 
more correct idea of our weather were our Canadian 
ladies and gentlemen to be represented, not only in 
bright sunshine, but also amongst our beautiful forest 
glades in summer, wearing large Panama hats, and 
protected by mosquito veils ; but I suppose there are 
obstacles in the way, and that even photographers, like 
other mortals, find it difficult properly to catch the 
mosquitos. (Renewed laughter.) I think we can 
show we have good promise, not only of having an 


te pipette, A Ney GM el 


. 
At eet 


218 MONTREAL, 1879. ° 


excellent local exhibition, but that we may in course 
of time look forward to the day when there may be a 
general Art Union in the country ; a Royal Academy 
whose exhibitions may be held each year in one of the 
capitals of our several Provinces ; an academy which 
may, like that of the old country, be able to insist that 
each of its members or associates should, on their 
election, paint for it a diploma picture; an academy 
which shall be strong and wealthy enough to offer, as 
a prize to the most successful students of the year, 
money sufficient to enable them to pass some time in 
those European capitals where the masterpieces of 
ancient Art can be seen and studied. Even now, in 
the principal centres of population, you have shown 
that it is perfectly possible to have a beautiful and 
instructive exhibition; for besides the pictures be- 
queathed to any city, it may always be attainable that 
an exhibition of pictures be had on loan, and that 
there be shown besides the productions in both oil 
and water-colour of the artists of the year. It may 
be said that in a country whose population is as yet 
incommensurate with its extent, people are too busy 
to toy with Art; but, without alluding to the influence 
of Art on the mind, which has been so ably expressed 
in your address, in regard to its elevating anc refining 
power, it would surely be a folly to ignore the value 
of beauty and design in manufactures ; and in other 
countries blessed with fewer resources than ours, and 
in times which, comparatively, certainly were barbarous, 
the works of artists have not only gained for them a 
livelihood, but have pleased and occupied some of the 


course 
ay bea 
Academy 
e of the 

y which 
sist that 
on their 
academy 

» Offer, as 
the year, 
e time in 
pieces of 
mn now, in 
ve shown 
tiful and 
tures be- 
able that 
and that 
1 both oil 
It may 

1 is as yet 
- too busy 
- influence 
expressed 
c refining 
the value 
d in other 
ours, and 
barbarous, 
or them a 
yme of the 


MONTREAL, 7879. 219 


busiest men of the time, the artists finding in such 
men the encouragement and support that is necessary. 
Long ago in Ireland the beautiful arts of illumination 
and painting were carried on with such signal success 
that Celtic decoration, as shown in the beautiful knotted 
and foliated patterns that still grace so many of the 
tombstones and crosses of Ireland and of the west of 
Scotland, passed into England, and, more strangely, 
even into France. The great monarch, Charlemagne, 
was so enchanted with the designs and miniatures of 
an Irish monk, that he persuaded him to go to work 
at Paris, and for nearly two centuries afterwards the 
brilliant pages of French Bibles, Missals, and Books 
of Hours showed the influence of the culture, the 
talent, and the tastes of Erin. Surely here there should 
be opportunity and scope enough for the production 
of the works of the painter’s hand. The ancient states 
of Italy, her cities and communities of the Middle 
Ages, were those who cherished most their native 
painters, and the names of many of those who covered 
the glowing canvases of Italy with immortal work are 
known often from the designation of some obscure 
township where they were born, and where they found 
their first generous recognition and support. Here in 
this great Province, full of the institutions and churches 
founded and built by the piety of past centuries, as 
well as by the men now living, there should be far 
more encouragement than in poorer countries of old 
for the decoration of our buildings, whether sacred or 
educational. The sacred subjects which moved the 
souls of the Italian, German, Flemish, and Spanish 


220 QUEBEC, 1879. 


masters are eternal, and certainly have no lesser in- 
fluence upon the minds and characters of our people. d 
And if legendary and sacred Art be not attempted, 


what a wealth of subjects is still left you,—if you leave 
the realm of imagination and go to that of the Nature 
which you see living and moving around you, what a j 
choice is still presented. The features of brave, able, ’ 


and distinguished men of your own land, of its fair 1: 
women ; and in the scenery of your country, the 
magnificent wealth of water of its great streams; in 
the foaming rush of their cascades, overhung by the 
mighty pines or branching maples, and skirted with 
the scented cedar copses ; in the fertility of your farms, 
not only here, but throughout Ontario also; or in the 
sterile and savage rock sceneiy of the Saguenay—in 
such subjects there is ample material, and I doubt 
not that our artists will in due time benefit this country 
by making her natural resources and the beauty of 
her landscapes as well known as are the picturesque 
districts of Europe, and that we shall have a school 
here worthy of our dearly loved Dominion. It now 
only remains for me to declare this gallery open, and 
to hope that the labours of the gentlemen who have 
carried out this excellent design will be rewarded by 
the appreciation of a grateful public. 


in June 1879, his first visit was paid to Quebec, and the answer to 
the Mayor’s greeting is given below :— 


Au MAIRE ET A LA CORPORATION DE LA CITE DE 
QUEBEC :—Messieurs,—C’est avec le plus profond 


lesser in- 

r people. 
ttempted, 
you leave 

e Nature 
bu, what a 
ave, able, 
of its fair 
intry, the 
reams ; in 
ng by the 
irted with 
our farms, 
| or in the 
uenay—in 
d I doubt 
is country 
beauty of 
icturesque 
> a school 
. It now 
open, and 
who have 
warded by 


he answer to 


. CITE DE 
s profond 


QUEBEC, 1879. 221 


sentiment de plaisir que nous nous trouvons au milieu 
de la population de Québec, et que nous entendons, des 
personnes autorisées a parler de la part de cette an- 
cienne et fameuse cité, les mots de loyauté et l’assur- 
ance de dévouement exprimés dans votre adresse, et 
je vous prie de transmettre aux différentes institutions 
et sociétés que vous représentez ma reconnaissance de 
la cordiale et bienveillante réception qui nous a été 
offerte aujourd’hui. 

La loyauté est une fleur précieuse qui ne se fane et 
ne se fiétrit pas facilement, s’il lui est seulement donné 
de croitre 4 lair frais de la liberté. Elle fleurira ici 
aussi longtemps que le Canada existera, et sera chérie, 
comme aux anciens jours, le furent les lis-d’or, pour 
lesquels tant de vos ancétres verstrent si noblement 
leur sang. 

Comme représentant de la reine, permettez-moi 
de vous dire que sa majesté est assurée de la loyauté 
et du dévouement de ses sujets de la province de 
Québec, qu’ils soient issus de ptres venant des Iles 
Britanniques, ou que l’ancienne France les réclame 
comme soutenant, dans un nouveau monde, Vhonneur, 
le renom, la bravoure et la fidélité au souverain et au 
pays, qui distinguérent leurs ancétres. 

J’exprime ces sentiments dans ce beau langage qul, 
dans tant de pays et durant des siecles, fut regardé 
comme le type de l’expression concise et nette et le 
plus habile interprete de lesprit et de la pensée 
humaine. 

Le monde entier en l’employant, se rappelle avec 
vous que c’est la langue qui, dans leglise, se répandit 


222 QUEBEC, 7879. 


avec éloquence des lévres de Saint Bernard et de 
Bossuet ; et qui, avec Saint Louis, Du Guesclin et 
Vhéroique Pucelle d’Orléans, résonna sur les champs 
de bataille. 

Cette place sera toujours identifiée avec la race 
glorieuse qui produisit ces grandes Ames ; et cette cité, 
placée comme elle l’est, sur un des sites les plus impo- 
sants du monde, semble digne de ceux dont le lan- 
gage est parlé dans tout l’ancien Canada, et qui cour- 
onnérent de demeures civilisées le rocher élevé qui 
est aujourd’hui le Gibraltar de notre puissance. 

Bien des changements se sont opérés depuis que la 
premiere flotte européenne jeta l’ancre sur les bords 
du Saint-Laurent, mais aucun événement ne souilla 
jamais les glorieuses annales de cette forteresse, de 
cette place sichére 4 V’histoire. Car ne fut-ce pas d’ici 
que jaillirent ces influences qui changérent en riches 
habitations de nations puissantes, ces vastes déserts in- 
connus? Ne fut-ce pas de Québec que les paroles de 
foi, les impérissables richesses de la science et de la civi- 
lisation se répandirent 4 travers un nouveau continent ? 
C’est @ici que les grandes rivieres furent découvertes, 
et que les flots, devenant les grandes voies du commerce, 
furent forcés de partager le travail de Phomme. 

Qu’y a-t-il d’étonnant 4 ce que vous chérissiez tant 
ces souvenirs, et que, de l’avis et avec l’assistance de 
Lord Dufferin, vous ayez résolu de faire tout ce qui 
est en votre pouvoir, non seulement pour conserver ce 
qui rappelle au voyageur vos jours de gloire, mais en- 
core pour embellir le plus possible la précieuse relique 
qui vous a été léguée en votre charmante cité. 


rd et de 
esclin et 
5 champs 


la race 
ette cité, 
lus Impo- 
t le lan- 
qui cour- 
élevé qui 
e. 
is que la 
les bords 
ne souilla 
eresse, de 
e pas d'ici 
en riches 
déserts in- 
paroles de 
de la civi- 
‘ontinent ? 
couvertes, 
‘Commerce, 
ne. 
rissiez tant 
istance de 
out ce qui 
nserver ce 
2, mais en- 
use relique 
té. 


QUEBEC, 1879. 223 


Les mesures que vous avez prises au sujet de 
l’embellissement de votre ville, mises au jour tout 
récemment, créées par votre générosité, et encouragées 
par l’esprit sympathique de votre dernier gouverneur- 
général, A qui aucun effort noble et généreux ne fit 
appel en vain, prouvent que vous ne permettrez jamais 
que l’intérét et la beauté qui attirent tant de milliers de 
visiteurs, chaque année, vers votre cité, soient dé- 
truits par un utilitairlanisme mal entendu; mais que 
vous tiendrez 4a conserver en son intégrité le seul grand 
et antique monument de la grandeur du Canada, que 
ce pays posséde. 

En conclusion, permettez-moi de vous assurer que 
nous souhaitons sincérement que vos vceux les plus 
ardents, quant a ce qui regarde l’accroissement du 
commerce de votre port, se réalisent, et que les eaux 
de la grande riviere qui coule au pied de votre pro- 
montoire puissent constament étre couvertes des 
vaisseaux, superbes et solidement construits, que vos 
artisans peuvent produire avec tant dhabileté et en 
aussi grand nombre. 

Personne ne désire ce résultat plus sincérement que 
la princesse, que vous avez si gracieusement acclamée 
et qui se joint 4 mol pour vous exprimer mes sincéres 
remerciements ; elle qui en venant ici, doit étre re- 
gardée comme la représentante personnelle de notre 
reine issue de cette maison royale, qui recut comme 
fiancée Henriette de France, fille du grand monarque 
frangais, dont une des gloires de son régne fut ’honneur 
qu'il rendit au voyageur illustre, l’intrépide Champlain, 
ce nom a jamais identifié avec tout ce qui nous entoure. 


eee oe 


a * i 


ae 


EIR nt ame pec gee i ge a ab og 


a 


QUEBEC, 1879. 


At Laval University he said :— 


Monseigneur et Messieurs,— La rivalité a laquelle 
vous faites allusion dans votre éloquente et bien- 
veillante adresse, et qui, dites vous, existe encore entre 
les sugets de sa majesté au Canada, ne devrait jamais 
s’éteindre surtout quand cette émulation a pour 
origine le désir d’obéir aux lois dans leur libre et juste 
application, et les nobles efforts d’un chacun pour 
placer chaque province au premier rang dans la repré- 
sentation de notre pays et faire ainsi progresser le 
Canada dans la voie de l’ordre et de la prospérité. 

De méme que votre magnifique edifice domine votre 
cité, de méme la penséee dominante de votre université 
est d’étre le phare sur lequel se dirige le peuple dans 
’espérance que cette mulation tendra 4 nous diriger 
vers de hautes et nobles destinées. 

Nous entrons avec le plus profond intérét dams ces 
salles oli vous avez entrepris cette tache glorieuse, et 
nous concourrons de tout cceur dans les souhaits que 
vous venez d’exprimer, dans le vceu que nous formons 
pour votre prospérité. 

Nous nous sommes réjouis, en débarquant il y a 
deux jours, de voir que vos autorités, avec un si grand 
nombre de population, manifestaient de la maniere la 
plus énergique et avec une noble générosité la con- 
fiance qu’ils avaient placé dans le représentant de leur 
souveraine. 

Soyez persuadé que je comprends toute l’importance 
de cette confiance. Ce n’est pas 4 moi personnelle 


ment que ces témoignages s’adressent, mais au repré- 


la 
t! 


— st a Olt At 


laquelle 
et bien- 
ore entre 
Ait jamais 
a pour 
e et juste 
un pour 
5 la repré- 
bresser le 
berité, 
ine votre 
université 
uple dans 
s diriger 


- dams ces 
rieuse, et 
thaits que 
s formons 


nt ilya 
1 si grand 
naniere la 
é la con- 
it de leur 


iportance 
rsonnelle 
au repré- 


QUEBEC, 1879. 225 


sentant d’un gouvernement assurant une liberté & 
laquelle on ne songe pas dans d’autre pays, et qui se 
trouve unie aux anciens usages et a l’autorité modérée 
sous laquelle le peuple de notre empire a trouvé le 
bonheur, la puissance et l’union. 

Permettez-moi de vous remercier de votre bien- 
veillante reception, et de vous dire que je désire avoir 
ma part de l'approbation aue le public accorde 4 vos 
travaux, en continuant l’octroi des prix inauguré par 
Lord Dufferin, qui savait si bien apprécier la valeur de 
votre université, et qui, en sa qualité de savant, con- 
naissait tout le prix de l’enseignement qu’on y donne. 

Ici les éléves placés sous vos soins, recoivent tous 
les jours une large part des connaissances que vous 
avez puisées 4 des sources précieuses dans diverses 
contrées du globe; car les voyages sont aussi propres 
a instruire que les livres eux-mémes, et parmi vos 
professeurs il y en a qui ont parcouru beaucoup de 
pays et vu beaucoup de peuples différents, et qui ont 
suivi en Amérique la pratique des fondateurs du 
Christianisme, en apprenant les langues ¢trangtres, 
en voyant l’ancien monde, ses habitants, tout en s’initi- 
ant a sa littérature immortelle. 

Les fondateurs de cette institution ont pourvu aux 
moyens de faire suivre des cours complets de médecine, 
qui jusqu’ici n’avaient été ouverts qu’a un petit nom- 
bre de personnes ; car dans votre institution la méde- 
cine s’enseigne d’aprés une méthode digne de la nation 
qui a produit Broussais, Bichat, Corvisart et Pinel. 

Les sciences naturelles sont enseignées 4 des hom- 


mes qui, en prenant part au développement et aux dé- 
P 


se Anae epee he aga een. igs: Med, Rg 


Soh pas 
ne ve 


220 TORONTO, 1879. 


couvertes des richesses naturelles de ce vaste continent, 
continueront l’ceuvre de leurs ancétres, les pionniers 
du Canada. 

Cette partie de la puissance renferme des richesses 
naturelles encore inconnues et qui n’exigent que 
esprit d’entreprise pour leur exploitation. 

C’est aussi un pays ot l’or, les marbres précieux et 
les serpentines aideront 4 augmenter par leur valeur les 
revenus de la population qui doit neanmoins compter 
principalement sur la culture du sol et qui dans l’elev- 
age des bestiaux augmentera sa prospérité en approvi- 
sionnant les marchés de |’Europe. 

Je suis trés-honoré de votre réception, et mon désir 
le plus sincére est que la Divine Providence permette 
que l'Université Laval soit toujours le flambeau des 
arts et des sciences pour la noble et génereuse popula- 
tion de Québec. 


At Toronto during the same year the Governor-General had 
occasion to speak as follows :— 


Gentlemen,—In rising to return you my heartfelt 
thanks for the loyal and cordial manner in which you 
have received the toast of the health of the Queen’s 
representative, I thank my learned and honourable 
friend on my left for the manner in which he has pro- 
posed that toast, and you, gentlemen, for the way in 
which you have been good enough to receive it. I 
knew that in a Canadian company that toast would 
be received with all honours, because I believe there 
Is no nation in this world which has more profound 


ontinent, 
pionniers 


+ richesses 
gent que 


récieux et 
valeur les 
S compter 
ans l’eley- 
n approvi- 


mon désir 
p permette 

beau des 
se popula- 


neral had 


y heartfelt 
which you 
1e Queen’s 
1onourable 
1e has pro- 
the way in 
eive it. I 
ast would 
lieve there 
: profound 


TORONTO, 1879. 227 


love for its Sovereign than the Canadian people. 
(Loud cheers.) With reference to the Prince of Wales, 
to whose visit you have made allusion, I know that 
he was delighted, as was also the Duke of Connaught, 
with the visit they paid to Canada, and they have both 
expressed a confident hope that during my term of 
office they may revisit Canadian soil. (Loud cheering.) 
With regard to ourselves personally, I shall accept 
with gratitude everything that has fallen to-night from 
your eloquent lips, sir, with regard to the Princess, 
my wife, (Great cheering.) But as for myself, I 
must demur to the excessive kindness of some of your 
expressions ; and although it may be a bold opinion 
for a layman to lay down in the presence of so many 
distinguished in the law, I believe my learned friend 
has almost for the first time—and I hope for the last— 
in his life departed from that attitude of strict impar- 
tiality which it is his duty, as well as my own, to 
maintain. (Great laughter and cheering.) I have a 
theory on the subject, of which I will let you into the 
secret. My honourable friend has confided to me 
that it was his painful duty to make some very severe 
observations from the Bench to-day. I think that it 
may be possibly owing to a natural reaction of feeling, 
that he has found it almost obligatory to make some 
observations in my favour to-night, almost too kind. 
(Loud laughter.) We have been delighted with the 
reception we have met with in Toronto, and I must 
say that it has been a matter of good fortune, in my 
opinion, that we have been able to visit this great city 
at a time when its citizens are occupied with the great 


ar oad cont wn < nt a 

pladiena. a eleditede oteter ae a , 

: ee a9 pat 
bnsicn 


ee 
= = we 
7 les, Se ns Tote = 
si hibesnelen : 
er pega * = os) 


228 TORONTO, 12879. 


show which is being held within a short distance of 
its limits, and which is a most remarkable exhibition to 
have been set on foot and carried out by any city. 
(Cheers.) And in a few days we shall not only have 
had the pleasure of inspecting the exhibits, but of 
seeing some of the live stock which is now enjoying 
such favour not only in Canada, but also, luckily for ¢ 
Europe, over the water. That examination will be for 
me one of peculiar interest. I look forward to that 
trade developing a new and—as I trust it will be—a 
permanent source of revenue to thiscountry. (Cheers.) 
I see you have Landseer’s pictures of “‘ Peace” and ; 
“War” upon your walls. I know of no more striking 
contrast that can be seen between peace and war than 
at Quebec, for instance, where under the frowning , 
guns of that magnificent fortress the air is daily full of | . 
the lowing of cattle and bleating of sheep, and vast 
numbers are to be seen being embarked upon the 
large and fine vessels of the Allan Line for transport 
to Europe. (Cheers.) We may congratulate Canada 
not only that she has begun that trade, but that she 
has done so in so energetic a fashion, that though the 
shippers expected there would be but little traffic so 
late this year, the trade has been carried on with increas- 
ing volume throughout the autumn, and depend upon 
it, it will bring you good return, not only to the farmers 
already here, but by bringing more people to Canada. 
These people are the class you want, and I believe that 
for every few hundred cattle or sheep you send to L.iver- 
pool, you have every prospect of getting in exchange 
a stout English farmer. (Loud cheers.) Gentlemen, 


ee ee eee ee ed ee oman mae | 


_—— teat | 


Pads orabsl om 


a rbd ORR BHA ir 


ee rer ery 


stance of 
ibition to 
any city. 
Dnly have 
s, but of 
enjoying 
ckily for 
ill be for 
to that 
ill be—a 
(Cheers. ) 
face” and 
e striking 
war than 
frowning 
uly full of 
and vast 
upon the 
transport 
e Canada 
that she 
10ugh the 
traffic so 
h increas- 
end upon 
ie farmers 
y Canada. 
lieve that 
to Liver- 
exchange 
entlemen, 


TORONTO, 12879. 229 


I hardly expected that upon this, my first official visit, 
I should have had the opportunity of expressing my 
gratitude to the Toronto Club for entertaining me in 
so friendly a fashion at so pleasant a banquet. In 
meeting you here to-night, I feel I am in the presence 
of a representative assembly of those who lead the 
intellectual and commercial life of this city, one of the 
greatest already, and at the same time one of the most 
promising, not only in the Dominion but on the 
American continent. Before you, then, gentlemen, I 
wish I could find words warm enough to give you an 
idea of the manner in which we have been touched 
by the efforts made in our behalf by the citizens of 
Toronto. (Loud cheers.) It would not be reason- 
able to seek any justification of such kind feeling, but, 
at all events, I can say to you that, if a hearty and 
earnest interest in every phase of your national life 
can be taken as any excuse for such welcome, this 
justification, at all events, exists to the full. (Loud 
and prolonged cheering.) In one sense, also, I am 
no stranger to your affairs, for I do not feel that in 
studying Canada I have embarked on a sea hitherto 
unknown to me. It is not only since my arrival here 
that T have watched with unflagging enthusiasm the 
current of events which is so surely leading this coun- 
try to the full enjoyment of a great inheritance, for 
long before we landed on your shores much of your 
history and of your present condition was well known 
tome. A brief visit, paid many years ago, could give 
me but little real insight into your condition, but every 
man in England who has had anything to do with 


Sey 


sikh DR aA I SARE seri 


230 TORONTO, 1879. 


public life has, since the Confederation of the British 
North American Provinces, considered his political 
studies as wholly wanting if a pretty thorough know- 
ledge of your resources and position were not included 
in his survey of the Empire. (Cheers.) Confederation 
has had this advantage, that your destinies have been 
presided over by nen who had weight and authority 
at home, and who were able to put before the English 
people, in attractive form, the resources of this country. 
Especially was this the case during the six and a half 
years Lord Dufferin has been in this country ; for his 
speeches, giving in so poetical a form, and with such 
mastery of diction and such a grasp of comprehension, 
an account of your material and political condition, 
were universally read and universally admired. (Loud 
cheers.) Perhaps in former days, and before the 
country had become one, so much attention would not 
have been given to your affairs, but since Confedera- 
tion we all know in England—every politician in Eng- 
land knows—that he is not to consider this country as 
a small group of disconnected Colonies, but as a great 
and consolidated people, growing in importance not 
only year by year, but hour by hour. (Great cheering.) 
You now form a people for whom the Colonial Office 
and Foreign Office alike are desirous to act with the 
utmost strength of the Empire in forwarding your in- 
terests; and in speaking through the Imperial Foreign 
Office, it is impossible that you should not remember 
that it is not only the voice of two, three, or four or five 
millions, as the case may be, that you speak, but the voice 
of a nation of over forty millions. (Great cheering.) As 


p British 
political 
know- 
ncluded 
deration 
hve been 
huthority 
English 
country. 
d a half 
; for his 
ith such 
phension, 
ondition, 
(Loud 
‘fore the 
vould not 
onfedera- 
1 in Eng- 
ountry as 
iS a great 
ance not 
heering.) 
ial Office 
with the 
- your in- 
1 Foreign 
emember 
ur or five 
the voice 
ring.) As 


TORONTO, 1879. 231 


I said before, I believe that in former days perhaps 
the interest was not so lively, although perhaps it would 
be unjust to say that too strongly, because within the 
last few months, as well as in past years, we have had 
striking examples of how willing Great Britain is to 
undertake warlike expenditure for colonies by no means 
as united or as important as Canada. (Prolonged 
cheers.) But the feeling with regard to Canada asa 
mere congeries of colonies, and Canada as one people 
and Government, may perhaps be compared to the 
different feelings that a mother may be supposed to 
have in the pride with which she may regard a nursery 
full of small infants, and the far different pride with 
which she looks upon the career and stature of her 
grown-up and eldest son. (Laughter and cheers.) 
To be sure, as it is with all sons and all mothers, little 
passing and temporary misconceptions may occasionally 
occur, and which only show how deep in reality is their 
mutual love. (Laughter.) The mother may some- 
times think it sad that her child has forgotten some 
little teaching learnt on her knee, and that one or two 
of the son’s opinions smack of foreign notions—she 
may think that some of his doings tend not only to 
injure her, but himself also and the world at large. 
(Great laughter.) Perhaps, sometimes, he thinks on 
his part that it is a pity old people cannot put them. 
selves in the place of younger natures. (Uproarious 
laughter.) But if such is the tenor of the thought 
which may sometimes occupy the mother and the child, 
let no one dream for a moment that their affection has 
become less deep, or that true loyalty of nature is less 


TORONTO, 17879. 


felt. (Loud cheering.) They are one in heart and 
mind ; they wish to remain so, and shall remain so; 
and I should like to see the man who would dare to 
come between them. (Tremendous cheering.) In 
saying this, gentlemen, I express what may be regarded 
as my first impressions of the feelings which animate 
you, and I believe that when I leave you, my last 
impressions will be identical. (Loud cheering.) And 
now, gentlemen, the topics on which a Governor- 
General may speak without offence are somewhat 
limited —(laughter)—although he is expected to be the 
advertiser-general of one of the largest countries in the 
world—(great laughter and applause)—an empire so 
large that the study of its proportions is, I think, much 
more like the study of astronomy than the study of 
geography. (Laughter and applause.) It is perhaps 
best that he should speak on generalities; but in 
making my first appearance among you I may be 
expected to record other general impressions. I may 
perhaps be permitted to mention a subject which is 
generally understood as giving a good opening for 
conversation and acquaintance, and likely to lead to 
no serious difference of opinion, namely, the subject 
of the weather. (Roars of laughter.) I can now speak 
with some authority upon that momentous topic— 
(laughter)—because I have now spent a winter, a 
spring, a summer, and part of an autumn in Canada, 
and I believe that any one who has had a similar 
experience with me will agree that the seasons and 
climate enjoyed here are singularly pleasant and 
“salubrious. (Cheers.) You have, gentlemen, real 


eart and 
nain so; 
dare to 
g.) In 
regarded 
animate 
my last 
g.) And 
overnor- 
somewhat 
to be the 
ies in the 
pmpire so 
nk, much 
study of 
is perhaps 
;; but in 
[ may be 
s. I may 
t which is 
ening for 
o lead to 
1e subject 
10w speak 
Is topic— 
winter, a 
n Canada, 
a similar 
asons and 
sant and 
men, real 


TORONTO, 1879. 233 


seasons—there is a real winter and a real summer. 
{Loud laughter.) You are not troubled with shams 
in that respect—(laughter)—no shoddy manufactures 
of that nature are imported over here from Europe, 
where winter is often like a raw summer and summer 
like a wet winter. How different has been the reality of 
your winter, for as an old woman once wrote home to 
her friends in Scotland, ‘‘ All the children here may run 
about in the snow without wetting their feet.” (Great 
laughter and cheers.) We have only to look at that 
column on which a splendid bunch of peaches 1s hang- 
ing to see a summer trophy which should bring many 
to our door; but it is only a small sample of a vast 
crop of a similar nature which you have in Western 
Ontario, for as I am informed by my honourable friend 
on my right, Mr. Mackenzie, the peaches are often given 
to the pigs. (Great laughter.) The pleasant and bracing 
seasons of Canada can be enjoyed ina country without 
its equal, for nowhere has the settler a more varied 
range of choice in the scenery, the locality, the soil 
which will finally determine him where to found a 
home. His fortune may be compared to that of a 
man entering one of those new houses where each 
may have his own flat—a magnificent abode, where, 
if he wish not to travel, far, to be easily reached and 
visited by his friends, he may remain in the rooms of 
the ground floor—our spacious Maritime Provinces, 
where he will find himself very near his fishmonger— 
{cheers and laughter)—close to the old tradesmen with 
whom he has dealt in Europe, and warmed by a great 
kitchen well furnished with a store of Pictou coal. 


234 TORONTO, 7879. 


(Laughter and cheers.) If he prefer other apartments 
he may ascend to those great and most comfortable 
rooms, our ancient and populous Provinces of Quebec 
and Ontario—the first-floor rooms of our Canadian 
mansion, which are so amply provided with the old- 
fashioned associations which he may love; while, if still 
more active, he may select accommodation in the vast 
chambers of the second floor—the wonderful districts 
of the North-West, which have been so bountifully 
furnished by beneficent Nature, that he will require but 
little capital to make his abode exactly according to his 
own taste. (Loud cheers.) And if he prefers another 
and still more airy location—(laughter)—he may goon 
again and inhabit our recently erected and lofty storey 
of the Rocky Mountain District, near which he would 
again find an ample supply of coal, nearly as good as that 
which he found “down below.” (Applause.) He will 
be none the less fortunate when he makes the acquaint- 
ance of the master of this modern mansion, when he 
finds that everything is ruled in order and prosperity 
by him, and that his name is the Canadian House of 
Commons. (Loud applause.) And now, dropping all 
fanciful metaphors, I must speak in more serious terms 
for a moment, and express my admiration for that 
most able House, the excellence of whose debates 
would bea credit to any assembly. (Cheers.) During 
its session I have sometimes been reminded of an 
exclamation of the late Baron Bunsen, the German 
diplomatist and author, whose residence in London as 
Prussian Ainbassador at the Court of St. James’s has 
caused him to be affectionately rememi ered in England. 


partments 
fortable 

f Quebec 
anadian 
the old- 
ile, if still 
the vast 

l districts 
ountifully 
equire but 
ing to his 
rs another 
nay goon 
bfty storey 
he would 
bod as that 
) He will 
> acquaint- 
, when he 
prosperity 
House of 
‘opping all 
ious terms 
1 for that 
e debates 
) During 
ded of an 
e German 
London as 
ames’s has 
n England. 


TORONTO, 1879. 235 


Chevalier Bunsen, looking on at the proceedings of 
the House of Commons, said that to him it was a 
marvel how an Englishman could ever rest until he 
had sought to become a member of that Assembly, 
where the Ministers of the Sovereign, and they who 
endeavoured to win a share in the government of a 
powerful people, met face to face as champions of 
different policies to discuss before the country the 
principles which should guide a mighty nation. As in 
England, so here, let no one turn his back on political 
life as too hard, as bringing too much contention, or 
as occasioning too much unpleasantness, One of the 
worst signs of a country’s condition is, when they who 
have leisure, or property, or social influence look upon 
public life as too dirty for them, and hang back from 
the honourable rivalry, allowing other hands to have a 
commanding share in government. (Hear, hear.) I 
am confident that this will not be the case here, and 
long may it be before a Canadian prefers his ease, if 
he may command it, to that noblest labour to which he 
can be called by the voice of his fellow-citizens, a share 
in the government of his country, in her Parliament. 
(Cheers. ) 

In striving to be a member of the Dominion 
Parliament, or to have a potent voice in the election 
of such a one, each man, whatever may be his circum- 
stances, must feel that it is a high and proper ambition 
to do what in him lies to direct the policy of this Royal 
Commonwealth, which sees its will expressed by the 
Cabinet—which is but a Committee of the Parliament 
elected by the people—carried out loyally and fully by 


236 TORONTO, 7879. 


the Executive head of the Government. (Cheers.) 
To be sure you may say to me, you are speaking in 
ignorance—the Governor-General is not allowed to be 
present at the debates of Parliament. (Laughter.) 
Certainly, gentlemen, I am not allowed to be present 
and never have been. (Renewed laughter.) I have 
never even followed the example of my eminent pre- 
decessor, who has left me such a heritage of speeches 
at the Toronto Club. (Laughter and applause.) I 
have followed his example in making a speech, but I 
have not followed his example in another case, for I 
am informed that he has heard debates of the House 
concealed by the friendly shadows behind the Speaker’s 
chair. (Loud cheers and laughter.) I have never 
placed myself in that position, and of course my know- 
ledge is entirely derived from reports—of course I do 
not speak of newspaper reports. (Roars of laughter.) 
That is quite impossible—(renewed laughter)—because 
I am fully conscious that we should not put our trust 
in printers—(great laughter)—but I speak of other 
reports which are more trustworthy, and for which, of 
course, my responsible Ministers are responsible. 
(Laughter.) 

I shall mention a particular rumour that has 
reached my ears, which is to the scarcely credible 
effect that the current of discussion is often not 
quite so tranquil as might be assumed by outsiders, 
looking only at the harmonious outline of the build- 
ings in which the members meet. (Great laughter.) 
Perhaps the reported occasional quickening of the 
political current, and the hurried words to which it gives 


— iad 


(Cheers.) 
eaking in 
wed to be 
aughter.) 
e present 
) Ihave 
inent pre- 
speeches 
lause.) I 
ech, but I 
ase, for I 
he House 
e Speaker’s 
ave never 
e my know- 
ourse I do 
f laughter.) 
)—because 
it our trust 
k of other 
yr which, of 
responsible. 


r that has 
ly credible 
often not 
y outsiders, 
f the build- 
it laughter.) 
ning of the 
hich it gives 


TORONTO, 17879. 237 


rise, occur only because pure panegyric is distasteful, 
and a wholesome criticism is on the other hand pre- 
ferred. 

Believing this, I shall only venture to express the 
opinion, that if any spoken words fly too swiftly it 
is because one bad habit, and one only, exists among 
the politicians of Canada. It is this—and I am sure 
you will realise the melancholy significance of the fact 
to which I am so reluctantly compelled to allude—st 
is, that Canadian politicians do not bring their wives 
with them to Ottawa. (Uproarious laughter.) I hope 
the recently developed doctrines of constitutional duty 
may still allow a Governor-General to take the initiative 
in making a suggestion, and my suggestion would be 
that the ladies should favour us with their presence 
at Ottawa, for I am certain that an alteration in this 
practice would soon put a stop to the reports to which 
I have drawn your attention, which some people may 
think may detract from the position of our celebrated, 
and alas! at Ottawa, too often celebate politicians. 
(Roars of laughter.) And now, gentlemen, I have 
only to thank you repeatedly and most earnestly for 
your welcome, and the citizens of Toronto I would 
thank, through you, at large for the extreme kindness 
with which they have been pleased to receive us. But 
I believe, gentlemen, it is not mere kindness that is 
shown bysuch demonstrations as those we have recently 
seen. If it were that only, it would perhaps lose some 
of its significance. In the display made we have seen 
the outpouring of the heart of a people whose loyal 
passion is strong for the unity which binds a great 


238 ST. ¥OHN, 1879. 


History to a greater Present, and which, under the 
temperate sceptre of our beloved Queen, is leading 
Canada and Britain together in freedom to an assured 
and yet more glorious Future. (Cheers.) 


During a visit in 1879 to St. John, a city then suffering from the 
effects of a disastrous fire, he said :— 


Although there may be temporary pressure, and 
partial failure in trade, not a year elapses that does 
not indicate progress made in the material welfare of 
the country as a whole. The Dominion is steadily 
and surely rising in wealth, in unity of feeling, in all 
that makes a nation. Our territories are enormous, 
and no one need travel far in any Province, but he 
will find new clearings and fresh settlements ; while 
land in abundance and of great excellence, as com- 
pared with much in the old country, can be had almost 
for the asking. 

Throughout our greater Britain, and steadily and 
surely upon these our eastern coasts, the people in- 
crease from decade to decade, notwithstanding the 
great attractions offered by the prairie lands of the 
interior. No one can look at the district you inhabit 
without feeling certain that this increase will continue. 
Impatient, restless, and ignorant of his true interests 
would that man be, indeed, who, under such circum- 
stances, would not desire to tread in the steps of his 
fathers, to face, with British pluck and spirit, any 
difficulties that may arise ; and to rejoice that his lot 
has been cast in that Empire which has withstood 


ma Ee Fr 


nder the 
5 leading 
assured 


g from the 


sure, and 
that does 
welfare of 
s steadily 
ing, in all 
Pnormous, 
e, but he 
its ; while 
2, as com- 
aad almost 


eadily and 
people in- 
nding the 
nds of the 
‘ou inhabit 
1 continue. 
1e interests 
ich circum- 
teps of his 
spirit, any 
that his lot 
; withstood 


ST. JOHN, 1879. 239 


every danger, whose might has been moulded by 
centuries, and whose flag has never waved over any 
people whose character has not been ennobled by the 
free institutions it represents. 


In reply to an address of the City Corporation, he said :— 


To THE Mayor, ALDERMEN AND COMMONALTY, ST. 
Joun, NEw Brunswick :—Mr. Mayor and Gentle- 
men,—The dignified and truthful words in which you 
recall the trials through which many of your ancestors 
passed in this country, now the happy home of their 
descendants, remind me how strong to-day among you 
is the feeling of the duty of patriotism—a duty, the 
fulfilment of which I rejoice to think is accompanied by 
no burden, but brings with it the enjoyment of much 
political advantage. We have found with pleasure that 
sufficient time has been at our disposal during this, the 
first year after our arrival in the Dominion, when there 
have been necessarily duties which have demanded 
attention at the capital and journeys to be undertaken 
in other parts—to allow us to return to those Maritime 
Provinces where we were first welcomed by a loyal 
people, and to visit St. John, which must be regarded 
as the commercial capital of even a wider district than 
is contained in New Brunswick itself. 

Accept our thanks for meeting us here, on behalf 
of your city, and for the genial reception tendered to 
us. I should indeed have considered our first survey 
of our Dominion most incomplete had we been unable 
to stay awhile among you. 


240 S7. FJUHN, 1579. 


Much we have been unable to see; many places in 
which we should wish to spend some days, and where 
we might observe mining and other industries suc- 
cessfully followed, we must hope to visit another year. 
In St. John we arrive at once at one of the centres of 
life and activity on these our eastern coasts. We 
observe with the greatest satisfaction the evidences of 
the energy you bring to the aid of our common 
country, and the important place you fill in promot- 
ing the welfare of our Federation. The British people 
and foreign countries alike look upon the Dominion as 
our Empire’s eldest son, in whose life and character the 
nature which has made the mother country stronger, 
the older it has grown, is seen and recognised by all. 
You are entering on a glorious manhood, which will, 
in future ages, stand forth in the beauty of strength 
and pride of freedom, to be known in history as 
asserting a place among the mighty of the earth. 

The district is the scene of events wherein widely 
different actors have played their parts, and interest- 
ing, indeed, is the development of the story of which 
your harbour and town have been the theatre. Two 
centuries ago the adventurer only knew this place— 
his company stealing along the coast in small and 
battered craft, seeking a settlement, obliged to guard 
against the savages of the forest, yet full of visions of 
a great future for his new home, and endeavouring, 
almost in vain, to interest Europe in his schemes. 
But the years peopled the shores with sturdy colonists, 
who pushed their way, although held down by diffi- 
culties of transport, by distance from other settlements, 


places in 
ind where 
btries SUC- 
ther year. 
centres of 
asts. We 
idences of 
common 
n promot- 
ish people 
minion as 
aracter the 
ry stronger, 
ised by all. 
which will, 
of strength 
history as 
- earth. 
srein widely 
nd interest- 
ry of which 
eatre. ‘Two 
this place— 
n small and 
sed to guard 
of visions of 
ndeavouring, 
his schemes. 
rdy colonists, 
own by diffi- 
r settlements, 


FREDERICTON, 1879. 241 


by wars of race and by mutual jealousies. Now we 
see a land whose natural loveliness and fertility is 
turned to the best account, connected with all the life 
of Europe and America by countless channels of com- 
munication, and using the arts of modern civilisation 
to make the utmost of its political and geographical 
position. 

In expressing to you our gratitude for the welcome 
you now give us, accept our best wishes for your wel- 
fare, and let us utter a fervent hope that the energy here 
exhibited, which no depression in trade can master, 
and which even the ruin of fire has only been able, 
temporarily, to affect, may receive tull reward in the 
future prosperity of your loyal and flourishing city. 


During His Excellency's visit to Fredericton, the capital of the 
Province of New Brunswick, he replied as follows to an 
address :— 


To THE Mayor AND CiTy COUNCIL OF THE CITY 
OF FREDERICTON:— Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen,— 
This is not the first time, as you remind me, that the 
Queen’s children have visited your people, and have 
received at their hands the proofs of an affection 
for our Sovereign which animates all Her Majesty’s 
subjects. The Queen has now reigned for a longer 
period than has been vouchsafed to most of our 
monarchs, over a prosperous and united nation, whose 
strength has, during her life, been greatly increased 
by development and consolidation of this her great 


Dominion. Her Majesty possesses here the love of 
Q 


242 FREDERICTON, 17879. 


a people more numerous than was the English nation 
when it achievec the glories which the trumpet of 
fame, moved by Shakespeare’s breath, made a house- , 
hold word among all nations. 1 

In Canada, I am able to receive with pride testi- 
monials of respect, reverence, and love for her rule, from 
men whose Government represents a force, if popula- 
tion and material resources be taken into account, far 
greater than that possessed of old by England, even in 


those days which ring with the deeds of her heroes, ¥ 

and have been called the “spacious times of great 

Elizabeth.” : 
tt And while we must look upon this country as ; 
ih rapidly becoming one of the moving influences of a 
roe the world, we cannot forget what an advantageous ye 


variety of position and power, within the sphere of the 
Dominion, is possessed by the various Provinces. Here, 
| in the Province of which this city is the capital, you have 
RE the great ocean and highways so near you that your 
it brave and hardy maritime population can furnish your 
i mercantile marine with many of the best sailors in 
America. In the territory, comprised within your 
limits, you occupy a central position through which 
much of the land traffic of this part of the American 
continent is likely to be conducted, and your climate 
gives to all who cultivate your soil abundance of 
agricultural resources in corn and pasture land. 

It may not be unappropriate now, when you give 
us your kindly and hospitable welcome to the capital 
of your Province, to ask you to receive with our thanks 
the expression of our hope that the members selected 


sh nation 
umpet of 
a house- 


ride testi- 
rule, from 
if popula- 
-count, far 
\d, even in 
er heroes, 
s of great 


country as 

uences of 

vantageous 

here of the 

ices. Here, 

al, you have 

1 that your 

furnish your 

t sailors in 
within your 
ough which 
ve American 
your climate 
bundance of 
land. 

en you give 
‘o the capital 
th our thanks 
bers selected 


NEW BRUNSWICK, 1879. 243 


as the representatives of the Province, and who assemble 
here, may be granted wisdom by the Most High to 
further the welfare and promote the best interests of a 
true and loyal people. 


During this visit to New Brunswick, he said, in reply to the Warden 
and Members of the Municipality of Kings County :— 

Gentlemen,—The duties connected with the high 
office with which I am honoured cannot indeed be 
considered to impose any heavy burdens, when their 
performance leads me to visit populations so kindly in 
their sympathies as are those of this Province, where 
we meet men always glad to testify their affection for 
the institutions under which they live by their reception 
of the representatives of the Queen. Perhaps in no 
other country in the world is it possible for the repre- 
sentative of any sovereign to travel for thousands of 
miles, and to be everywhere greeted with the same 
assurances of contentment with political condition and 
affection for the throne. I thank you, especially on 
the Princess’s behalf, for the words you have spoken 
in reference to her. She will always associate herself 
gladly in anything tending to the welfare of the people 
of this Dominion. In so doing she will fulfil the wish 
of her father the Prince Consort, whose desire it was 
that his children should identify themselves with the 
interests of our Colonal Empire. I hear with glad- 
ness the assurance you give of the firm and unswerv- 
ing loyalty of the people of the county of Kings, and I 
desire to tender to them my sincere thanks. 


TORONTO, 2879. 


The first visit to Toronto took place in 1879. A loyal and kindly 
address having been read, His Excellency replied :— 

Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen,— I remember well 
that the first time I saw Toronto was when, a good 
many years ago, the city was pointed out to me, where 
far off, over the waters its houses were visible from a 
spot not distant from Niagara. This first gave me an 
idea of the size and importance of your town. Men 
who were then with me told me that thirty or forty 
years before there would not only have been nothing 
visible at that distance, but only a very small settlement 
when viewed much nearer. But just as the city can 
be seen from afar, so is its position now so important 
that you cannot think of Ontario, wide as are its limits, 
or indeed of Canada itself, without seeing in the mind 
Toronto, the capital of our most populous Province. 
Here are combined things rarely found closely united, 
namely, great commercial prosperity with great literary 
activity. If you are proving that you can lead the way 
in commerce, it is as great a distinction that you can, 
by the ability of your literary men, do much towards 
guiding and influencing the thoughts of your fellow- . 
citizens of the Dominion. I thank you for your loyal 
words in our Queen’s name. ‘They express the feeling 
I expected to find among you, but 1 must speak my 
grateful acknowledgments for the cordial manner in 
which you have given utterance to them. Adhesion 
to our Empire and love for its Sovereign I knew I 
should find ; but the character of this great reception, 
the magnificence of your preparations to welcome the 


Mn A at my Pry 


hl and kindly 
ied :— 

pmber well 
en, a good 

> me, where 
ible from a 
gave me an 
own, Men 
rty or forty 
een nothing 

1 settlement 
he city can 
so important 
are its limits, 
in the mind 
us Province. 
osely united, 
great literary 
lead the way 
that you can, 
1uch towards 
' your fellow- 
for your loyal 
ss the feeling 
ust speak my 
al manner in 
n. Adhesion 
ign I knew I 
eat reception, 


>» welcome the 


TORONTO, 12879. 245 


representatives of the Sovereign, form a demonstration 
for which I confess I was not prepared. It has been 
our fortune to be kindly received by great communities, 
both in the old world and in the new; but I never 
returned my thanks with a more heartfelt gratitude 
than I do now to you, the citizens of Toronto, for the 
manner, at once so splendid and so sympathetic, in 
which you have been pleased to receive us. In 
December last, delegates from many of the towns of 
Ontario came to Ottawa to give us their greeting. 
Accompanying the addresses presented to us was an 
offering which, while it showed a feeling of personal 
regard, might well, I believe, serve as an emblem of 
the patriotism of Ontario. It was a wreath of that 
plant which in the old country loads the air with 
perfume wherever moss and mountain are most green 
with moisture. Reared among morasses, it grows only 
where around its roots the soil is firm; and where it 
springs, the foot may safely tread and securely stand. 
It was therefore, in olden days, taken as my clan’s 
badge to signify a firm faith and steady trust, and with 
this signification I looked upon the wreath of marsh 
myrtle given to us on the part of so many communities 
in Ontario last December, as a fit emblem and just 
expression of that steady, firm, and faithful support 
which our Queen will ever find wherever a citizen of 
Ontario lives to assert his rights and freedom in up- 
hulding the honour, the dignity, and the powe-: of our 
united Empire. 


246 BERLIN, ONT., 1879. 


To an address in German, presented in 1879 at Berlin, Ontario, 
the Governor-General answered :— 


Meine Herren und Damen! — Die Prinzeffin und ih 
finden eS eine unferer angenehurften Pfltchten, Shnen einen Bez 
fud) hier 3u madden, um uns von der Fruchtharfeit, welde 
Ihre Kolonte Chavaftertfirt, zu iberzeugen. 

Wir freuen uns um fo mehr, da Bhre Qufdhrift uns in der 
lieben dentiden Sprache ein Willfommen fagt, und die Berz 
jicherung Deutidher Treue aus deutfdhem WMunde fommit. 

Wir wiffen, dab Sie als Beichen der Gefinnung Ihrer deutfchen 
PVevélferung in Canada den Spruch, der fett Fahrhunderten dem 
Sidhfifdhen Hauje angehirt: — ,,Treu und feft,” als ihr Motto 
nehmen fonnter. 

Obgleid) Sie uns in fo treuer Weife empfangen, und der 
Kinigin Bhre Chrerbiecung beweijen, bleiben Sie dennod) gute 
Deutfche, und find darauf ftolz, Dag Ste Thre Minder und Minded: 
finder in Der fraftigen Mtutterfprache erztehen fonnen. 

Die Liebe fiir das alte, deutfde Baterland follte nie ausfterben 3 
e8 verhindert jedod) nidit, dap Ste aud) die englifde Sprache 
beniigen, die Doc fo fehr mit der dDeutfden verwandt tft. 

Die fAonen Worte, die der Poet Arndt gefdrieben hat, find 
Shnen wohl alle befannt und wir fonnen fie Hier, wo Sie ein 
andeves Land zu Shrem Land gemacht haben, wohl gebrauden : 


Was ift des Dentjchen Vaterland? 
Sit’s Preugenland? Sit’s Schwabenland ? : 
Sit’s wo am Mbhein die Mebe bliht ? Fs 
Sits wo am Belt die Move sieht ? 
Dod Mein! Mein! Nein! 

Sein Vaterland mup yreper jein !” 


Kann man nidht Hier diejen Worten eine weitere Dentung 
geben 2? — Kinnen Sie nicht als Mithirger und Grinder einer 


‘ ss ~ 7 i ate 
— oe 
BEN Eton ily " 
EASY Stabe is " 
- ¢ 


setithiaibiantcectiadt cle oe 
wstetne ionpeis 


jin und td) 
mn etrten Bez 


rfeit, weldhe 


uns in der 
nd dte Bers 
mitt. 

rer deut{dhert 
underten Dent 
{3 ihr Motto 


gen, und der 
dennod) gute 
ry und Kindedse 


ie ansfterbert 5 
ifhe Sprache 
ndt tt. 

ieben Hat, find 
r, wo Sie ett 
gebrauchen 


) 


ind 2 


weitere Dentung 
> Grinder einer 


OTTAWA, 18So. 247 


neueit Nation diefelbe mit allem Colen, was yon dent alten Lande 
fommit, fenfen und ttarfen ? 

Gs ift ung cine wahre Freude, yor allen Seiten yu Héren, wie 
man die Deutichen Anftedler achtet und fchagt und fie als einen 
widhtigen Zujag yu unjeren Mraften betrachtet. Bhre Wifenfcdhaft, 
ihre Liebe fiir die gute Grgtehung der Jugend, fowohl in Hoheren 
Studien, alg in den Studien, durch welche die gewerblichen Fort: 
bildungsfhulen in Dentichland fich etnen fo rubmbajten Namen gez 
macht haben; thre Sparjamfett und thr Fletg, find Canada viele 
Taurend Quadratmeilen Landes werth— Dre hanslichen Tugenden 
ihrer Frauen und Tohter find ein fchines Beiiptel fiir Mlle. 

Sch hoffe, dap dite Bahl deuticher Ciniwanderer fich mehren 
wird und werde im meinen Crvartungen dadurd) beftarft, das 
eS het Shnen daheim gewif Viele giebt, die uberzengt find, daf 
das Vaterland nicht gejchwacht wird, wenn deutiche Tochter jenz 
feits des atlantifden WMeeres gute Manner finder. Gs wird 
ung jehr angenehmt fein, der deutichen fatjerlichen Familie fagen 
3u fénnen, wie Ste tt Canada gliclid) leben, und als Manz 
nev, Die Dem Lande Glick bringen, angejehen werden. 


In 1880, it was resolved that an Agricultural and Industrial Exhi- 
bition, supported by a Federal grant, should each year be held 
at some city of the Dominion. The first of these central an’ 
national meetings took place at Ottawa. It was largely attended, 
and opened by the Governor-General with these remarks :— 


Mr. President and Gentlemen,—I thank you for 
the address which you have read to me, expressing 
that deep loyalty to the Queen which, not merely from 
hearsay, but from observation of the sentiments which 
animate the people of Canada, whether in the cities 
or in the country, I know to be real and universal. 
The Princess joins with me in asking you to accept 
our gratitude for your recognition of the interest we 


248 OTTAWA, 788o. 


feel in the great efforts at present made, in various 
parts of Canada, to display to the best advantage the 
industrial achievements of our artisans. Some of the 
handiwork of our two largest Provinces can be seen 
in this building, while others are not unrepresented ; 
and we have evidence of the skill which graces the 
strength of a new brother—the young giant of the 
west.* Everywhere proof is given that the Canadian 
can hold his own in the rivalry that brings Art to bear 
on the great natural products around us, and this is 
not surprising when we know that he comes from the 
races which in Europe have been the most renowned 
for the taste, the ingenuity, and the solidity of their 
workmanship. Where so many regions have but 
recently been peopled, there is, it need hardly be said, 
much to be done, and it is most satisfactory to see 
how each city and town is bending itself to the task to 
prove that there is no laggard in the patriotic com- 
a petition. I have gladly attended several of these 
Mh} shows, and it is a feature peculiar to this country that 
the industrial exhibition so generally accompanies the 
agricultural show. Whether this shall always be the 
case as in the gathering inaugurated to-day, it will be of 
course for you to determine by experience of success 
in your venture in thus combining them. This is, 
perhaps, the first meeting to which more than a local 
character has been given. It will be a matter for your 
consideration, and for all in Canada interested in your 
endeavours, whether a novel practice be established 
here in moving to each Province in succession the 


* Manitoba. 


IN varlous 
tage the 
ne of the 


be seen 
resented ; 
races the 
nt of the 
Canadian 
‘rt to bear 
nd this is 
s from the 
renowned 
y of their 
have but 
lly be said, 
ory to see 
the task to 
riotic com- 
al of these 
ountry that 
npanies the 
vays be the 
it will be of 
- of success 
This 1s, 
han a local 
ter for your 
sted in your 
established 
cession the 


OTTAWA, 78So. 249 


Central Exhibition, without injury to the local fairs, 
which will, in any case, be held. If you decide to 
move the agricultural show from Province to Province 
in successive years, no new practice would thereby be 
espoused, for such has been the custom of the national 
societies of England, Scotland, and Irciand. In the 
old countries the spaces to be traversed are much 
smaller, but the need of comparison between the 
various exhibits is also much less. ‘The local shows 
are held there in almost every county, but the advan- 
tage derived from the annual moving of the national 
societies has been well expressed in the words of a 
former and justly beloved Viceroy of Ireland, who 
said that the experience the National Society had 
earned for itself had, by its annual movement, been 
carried through every part of the land, through each 
Province in turn ; and this had tended to tuse together 
the knowledge of the best specialties of each, whether 
in tillage or in pasture, in cereals or in green crops, 
or in the breeding and fattening of cattle. With us in 
Canada, if a similar practice were followed, we might 
perhaps add that comparison would benefit the proper 
employment of the best agricultural machinery, for the 
manufacture of which our Canadian artisans have won 
high commendation at the greatest international con- 
tests. If you discuss these questions, I am sure you 
will do so, not with the view of benefiting one city 
or Province only, but in the spirit which sees in all 
common efforts a means of uniting our Canadian 
people, and an instrument to make a national feeling 
create a national prosperity. We may congratulate 


250 OTTAWA, 788o. 


our countrymen that in the live stock of all kinds 
shown to-day, we have a representation of those vast 
resources which yield so much in excess of our own 
requirements that we can relieve the wants of older 
lands ; and how great is the difference between the 
bygone traffic from the new world to enrich Europe 
and what we now witness! In other days the southern 
seas were covered with the towering galleons of Spain, 
bringing the ingots of gold and silver, wrought in the 
mines of America through the cruel labour of thou- 
sands of enslaved Indians. ‘This was the wealth which 
poured into the treasuries of a nation whose riches 
reared the colossal palaces of the Escorial, and the 
wondrous Minster of Seville. The creation of such 
prosperity meant a short-lived reign of luxury and 
cruelty—the lifting up of an old country for a time— 
the abasement of a new land. How different the 
happy and more lasting wealth with which we are able 
to endow Eurone from Canada, when the parent land 
and the Dorunion alike reap equal fruits from a 
bountenus harvest. Our treasure fleets are now laden 
with golden grain, and flocks and herds; with riches 
wrung from no servitude, but derived from the free 
and noble toil of a liberty-loving, independent, and 
self-reliant people. It is to the men who have cleared 
the tangled forests, or have tilled the prairie lands, 
that we owe such great shows of agricultural wealth as 
those we have lately seen, and which prove how rich 
and inexhaustible are the veins of ore from which we 
can give enough and to spare. 

May the endeavour of such asociety as this, assisted 


nll kinds 
hose vast 
our own 
of older 
ween the 
Europe 
southern 
of Spain, 
rht in the 
of thou- 
Ith which 
bse riches 
, and the 
n of such 
ixury and 
a time— 
fferent the 
ve are able 
yarent land 
ts from a 
now laden 
with riches 
m the free 
ndent, and 
ave cleared 
uirie lands, 
ul wealth as 
e how rich 
n which we 


his, assisted 


OTTAWA, 788o. 251 


as it has been chiefly by individual efforts, but counten- 
anced by the Dominion Government, be to extend 
for the general good of our country, the experience 
it earns and whatever success is secured by the 
co-operation of the citizens. 


[During the delivery of the address the gates had been opened and 
the people allowed to come in so as to hear His Excellency’s reply, 
and at its close they gave hearty cheering. ] 


The fire Exhibition of the Royal Canadian Academy of Art took 
place at Ottawain 1880. The experiment of collecting together 
the work of artists resident in the country, was a success from 
the commencement, and the annual meetings since held have 
fully warranted the formation of a National Society for the 
Promotion of Art. The Governor-General gave the opening 
address as follows :— : 

Ladies and Gentlemen,—It is now my duty to 
declare this first exhibition of the Canadian Academy 
to be open to what, I am sure, will be an appreciative 
public. That this ceremony should take place to-day 
is characteristic of the energy with which any project 
likely to benefit our community is pushed in this 
country, for it is only ten months ago, on the occasion 
of the opening of the Local Art Gallery at Montreal, 
that the proposal for the institution of the Canadian 

Academy of Arts was made. To-day the Academy is 

to be congratulated not only upon being able to show 

the pictures and the works of art which you see around 
you this evening, but upon the favourable reception 
which the appearance of such an association has re- 
ceived from all classes. I have indeed seen nothing 
but the kindest criticism. Although I believe some 


252 OTTAWA, 788o. 


gentlemen have been good enough to propose we 
should postpone the initiation of this institution for 
the present, and should wait for the short and moderate 
space of exactly roo years, and look forward to its 
incorporation in the year of grace 1980. It is diffi- 
cult to meet such gentle criticism, but the Academy 
may be allowed to suggest that although in the words 
of the old saying, ‘art is long-lived,” yet that ‘life is 
short.” Art will, no doubt, be in vigorous life in 
Canada a century hence, but, on the other hand, we 
must remember that at that time these gentle critics 
may have disappeared from the scene, and they will 
themselves allow that it is for the benefit of the 
Academy that it should begin its existence while still 
subject to their own friendly supervision. It is 1m- 
possible to agree with the remark, that we have no 
material in Canada for our present purposes, when we 
see many excellent works on these walls ; and if some 
do not come up to the standard we may set ourselves, 
what is this but an additional argument for the creation 
of some association which shall act as an educator in 
these matters? Now, gentlemen, what are the objects 
of your present effort? <A glance at the constitution of 
the Society will show your objects are declared to be: 
the encouragement of industrial Art by the promotion 
of excellence of design, the support of Schools of Art 
throughout the country, and the formationof a National 
Gallery of Art at the seat of Government. The first 
of these objects, the encouragement of good design, 
receives an illustration in a room which I hope all 
present will make it a point to visit—a room on the 


pose we 
tion for 
oderate 
d to its 
is diffi- 
L\cademy 
e words 
‘life is 
life in 
and, we 
le critics 
they will 
t of the 
rhile still 
It is 1m- 
have no 
when we 
d if some 
ourselves, 
e creation 
lucator in 
1e objects 
titution of 
red to be: 
promotion 
ols of Art 
1 National 
The first 
od design, 
- hope all 
ym on the 


OTTAWA, 1788o. 253 


second floor, where many tasteful and good designs 
have been exhibited in competition for prizes gene- 
rously given by several gentlemen, who recognise the 
good effect such competitions are likely to have upon 
trade. Many of the best of these designs have been 
called forth by a prize offered by a member of the 
Legislature, and it is to be sincerely hoped that in 
future years his example, and the example of those 
who have acted in a similar manner, may be more 
widely and generally followed. English manufacture, 
as you know, has become famous for its durability ; 
French manufacture for its beauty and workmanship; 
and here, where we have a people sprung from both 
races, we should be able to combine these excellences, 
so that Canadian manufacture may hold a high place 
in the markets of the world. The next object of the 
association is to be worked out on the same lines by 
the support afforded the local schools; and here I 
must emphatically impress on all who care for the 
encouragement of Art in Canada, that however popular 
the Academy exhibitions may become, however much 
you are able to strengthen its hands in assisting pro- 
vincial efforts, the assistance it gives to any provincial 
schools can only supplement, and can never stand in 
the place of, provincial effort. It is true that the 
gentlemen belonging to the Academy give half of all 
they possess—one half of any surplus in all their 
revenues—in aid of local efforts, but it is by no means 
likely that that amount will be great. As the exhibi- 
tions are to be held each year in a different city, so 
that each Province may in turn be visited, it will pro- 


254 OTTAWA, s88o. 


bably be found best that any donation which can be 
made shall be given to that town in which the yearly 
exhibition is held. I hope, for instance, that this year 
it may be possible to give a grant in aid of a local 
school to be formed at Ottawa. With regard to the 
third object I have mentioned, the gentlemen who 
have been appointed academicians have patriotically 
undertaken, as a guarantee of their interest in the wel- 
fare of Art in Canada, that it shall be a condition of 
their acceptance of the office of academician that they 
shall give, each of them, a picture which shall become 
national property, and be placed here in an Art gallery. 
These works, of which you already have several around 
you, will be at the disposal of one of the ministers, 
who may be charged with this trust, and it will be in 
his option to decide whether they shall be exhibited 
in other parts of the country, or lent for purposes of 
Art instruction for a time to local schools. If you are 
not tired of these subjects, I would ask your attention 
for one moment to the organisation by which it is 
proposed to accomplish these purposes. First, There 
are a certain number of gentlemen who, after the 
model of similar institutions in other countries, where 
the plan has been found to work well, have been 
chosen as academicians. These comprise not only 
painters, but architects also, and designers, engravers, 
and sculptors. There are others again, forming a 
wider circle, and following the same professions, who 
have been chosen as associates, from whose ranks the 
academicians in the future will be annually elected. 
These gentlemen, the academicians, will govern the 


can be 
e yearly 
his year 
a local 
d to the 
en who 
iotically 
the wel- 
dition of 
hat they 
become 
t gallery. 
nl around 
inisters, 
vill be in 
exhibited 
rposes of 
f you are 
attention 
1ich it is 
rst, There 
after the 
ies, where 
ave been 
not only 
sngravers, 
orming a 
ions, who 
ranks the 
y elected. 
overn the 


OTTAWA, 788o. 255 


institution. They have already been supported by 
very many men in the country who follow other pro- 
fessions, and who will have nothing to do with the 
governing of the society, but who have been requested 
to join and give their aid as entertaining a love for 
Art, and a desire that Art should be enabled to assist 
in the most practical manner the interests of the 
country. It is probable that almost every gentleman 
of note in Canada will be upon this roll. So much, 
then, for the purposes undertaken, and the machinery 
by which these are to be accomplished. One word 
only as to the part which, at the request of several 
gentlemen, I have ventured temporarily to undertake. 
It seemed difficult, if not impossible, to get the body 
as at present constituted elected at the start, for 
scattered as the artists of the Dominion are, few knew 
the capabilities of others outside of his own neighbour- 
hood. Following, as we will have to do here therefore, 
an English precedent, it was thought best that the 
first list should be a nominated one. However care- 
fully this has been attempted, some omissions and 
faults have been made, and these will be corrected, 
for the plan followed at the commencement will not 
be pursued hereafter, but at a general meeting held 
during the time of the exhibitions, elections will form 
part of the business of the assembly. Although it 
may be for the interests of the Academy that the 
Governor-General of the day should be the patron of 
the society, you will find that the more self-governed 
it is the more healthful will be its prospects. At the 
outset the position of patron may be somewhat like the 


256 OTTAWA, 788o. 


position of that useful but ugly instrument with which 
many of us are perhaps but too familiar, namely, the 
snow-plough. At the first formation ofan artist society 
he may be expected to charge boldly into mountains 
of cold opposition, and to get rid of any ice crusts in 
front of the train, but after the winter of trial and 
probation, and difficulties of beginning are over, and 
the summer of success has come, his position, in re- 
gard to the artists, must be more like that of a figure- 
head. I have, however, great faith in the power of 
artists to make a figure-head useful as well as orna- 
mental, although I do not know that they have shown 
a preof of this to-day by making their figure-head 
deliver a speech, which it is well known figure-heads 
never do, except on the strictest compulsion. You 
may remember that in old days in Greece, an artist 
named Pygmalion, carved a figure so beautiful that he 
himself fell in love with his work and infused his own 
life into the statue, so that it found breath and move- 
ment. I shall not expect the Academy always to be 
in love with its figure-head, but I believe that you 
will be able to instil into him so much of your energy 
and vitality, that if the vessel gets into difficulties you 
may enable him to come down from his place, and 
even to give her ashove astern. Let me, at all events, 

express a hope, in which I believe all present will join, 
that the Canadian Academy, this fair vessel that we 
launch to-day, may never get into any trouble, but that 
from every city, and from every Province of the Do- 
minion, she may receive a favouring breeze whenever 
and wherever she may show a canvas. 


ith which 
mely, the 
ist society 
jountains 
P crusts In 
trial and 
over, and 


ion, in re- 
»f a figure- 
power of 
1 as orna- 
ave shown 
igure-head 
cure-heads 
ion. You 
>, an artist 
iful that he 
ed his own 
and move- 
ways to be 
e that you 
your energy 
iculties you 
place, and 


t all events, | 


nt will join, 
ssel that we 
ble, but that 
of the Do- 


ze whenever 


QUEBEC, 1880. 257 


At Quebec, upon the festival of St. Jean Baptiste, on the 24th June 
1880, there was a gathering of representatives of the French- 
Canadian race from many cities of the United States as well 
as of Canada, and the celebration in honour of their national 
saint was exceptionally enthusiastic. An opportunity was thus 
given to the Governor-General to show that appreciation of 
French Canadians which has been so constantly exhibited by 
his predecessors in office. He spoke in French and said :— 


Gentlemen and Friends of the French-Canadian 
race from abroad as well as from our own Province,— 
I rise with the greatest pleasure to thank you for the 
way in which you have received the toast which has 
been proposed by the President in drinking the health 
of the Princess and myself. The rrincess has espe- 
cially desired me to convey to you her gratitude, and 
I regret that owing to the short duration of the stay of 
Prince Leopold in this country, she has been unable 
to remain with me fer the imposing celebration which 
we have witnessed to-day. She is at all times sorry to 
quit Quebec—a place she loves as much for the moral 
worth of its people as for the grandeur of its scenery. 
As for myself, gentlemen, I have obeyed a pleasant 
cali in being amongst you to-day to testify my respect 
for our French-Canadian fellow-citizens, and my appre- 
ciation of the value of the element furnished by its 
noble and gallant race in influencing for good our 
young and growing Canadian nationality. I am here 
to show how much I prize the loyalty evinced by you 
on all occasions towards Her Majesty the Queen, 
whose representative I am. At the same time I do 


not wonder at the devotion shown to so august an 
R 


258 QUEBEC, 188o. 


embodiment of the principle of Constitutional Rule. 
The Queen sets the example of a Sovercign, who has 
at all times given constant proof, that with us the acts 
of power are the expressions of the will of the people. 
It is this that gives to her the highest rank amongst 
rulers in the eyes of the nations who acknowledge her 
sceptre. It is among you especially that all men will 
expect that this should be recognised. It was the 
Normans, who in France watched and guarded the 
cradle of that liberty at present enjoyed in England—it 
was the men of Normandy and Brittany who ata later 
age laid the foundations of the liberty-loving com- 
munity of Canada. ‘The very usages in the Parlia- 
ment of Britain survive from the days when they were 
planted there by our Norman ancestors. I do not 
know that it has been observed before in Canada, but 
it has often occurred to me, that in the British Parlia- 
ment we still use the old words, used by your fathers 
for the sanction of the Sovereign given to bills, of “‘la 
reine le veut,” or “la reine remercie ses bons sujets, 
accepte leur benevolence et ainsi le veut,’—forms 
which I should like to see used at Ottawa as marking 
our common origin, instead of the practice which is 
followed, of translating into modern French and 
English, In celebrating this féte, all can join 
in pride in the element predominant amongst us 
to-day, as it is to your race we owe the liberties 
of Runnymede and the practices that mark the free 
discussions of our Parliament. I rejoice to see 
sO many met together, and that we have represen- 
tatives of our allies the French, as well as of those 


al Rule. 
who has 


the acts 

» people. 
amongst 
ledge her 
men will 
was the 
nrded the 
gland—it 
» at a later 
ving com- 
he Parlia- 
they were 

I do not 
anada, but 
rish Parlia- 
our fathers 
ills, of “la 
ons sujets, 
it,”—forms 
as marking 
ce which 1s 
‘rench and 
1 can join 
amongst US 
he liberties 
ark the free 
oice to see 
ve represen- 
as of those 


QUEBEC, 788o. 259 


who have made a home—let us hope a temporary one 
only—among our friends in the United States. I re- 
joice to see these members of the race repatriated, if 
only for a time, and may assure them that our old and 
our new lands of the West are wide and fertile enough 
to justify us in detaining them here and in annexing 
any number who may be willing to be so treated. As 
they well know, they will always have with us the most 
perfect guarantees of liberty, the fullest rights of 
franchise, while they will not suffer so much as now 
from frequent waves of moral heat incurred by all who 
have to take part in conscant electioneering ; nor v'll 
they, on the other hand, have to endure the winter 
and moral cold which may be experienced by all who 
have to undergo the effects of a Gubernatorial or 
Presidential veto. Our visitors will see with us to-day 
the signs of a happy, a loyal, and contented people ; 
they will see us sharing in that revival of trade which 
I am happy to say is marking the commencement of 
another decade; they will see us holding in highest 
esteem those traditions which associate us with the 
past ; they will see you in the fullest enjoyment of your 
laws, your language, and your institutions ; they will 
see, above all, that you use the strength you thus inherit 
from your ancestors for no selfish purposes, but as 
imparting vigour and unison with the powers of other 
races to our great confederation, and in cementing a 
patriotism which is willing to bear the burdens as it 
shares the glory of a great country, the greatest 
member of the mightiest Empire ever known among 
mankind. 


HAMILTON, 1788o. 


The following was delivered at the opening of Provincial Fair. 
Gentlemen of the Agricultural and Arts Association 
of Ontario,—Believe me that any service which I 
can render to your invaluable association will always 
be at your command, and you may be sure that it 
is the Cesire of the Princess always to join me in 
such endeavours. It must at the same time be re- 
membered that ladies have not that iron constitution 
which it is necessary that an official should possess, 
and it is not always possible for them to be present as 
well in the body as in the spirit. I congratulare you 
on the great progress visible in the manufactures ex- 
hibited, and on having the Provincial Show held this 
year at Hamilton. In Ontario, where the science of 
agriculture is beginning to be so thoroughly understood, 
I fear I can say but little that may be of use to you, 
but I cannot too pointedly praise that most prudent of 
all speculations, which has made severai of the gentle- 
men who lead the way in such matters purchase some 
of the best of British cattle. To be content with rais- 
ing inferior stock is as unfortunate in economy as is 
an illiberal and unscientific treatment of the land. 
Great as are the advantages possessed, in this country 
by the new soil, which has comparatively recently been 
broken up, yet the effects of unscientific farming are 
necessarily to be seen in many places, and it is quite 
as much an object of our agricultural exhibitions to 
point out defects of this nature, as it is to display the 
triumphs of those who, pursuing agriculture upon a 
wiser plan, can year afier year show the superiority of 


ieee , 
ripen ideata. 3 Wee te apa Ra are 


PINT AREA 


ast 


Fair. 


ociation 
hich I 
1 always 
p that it 
me in 
e be re- 
stitution 
possess, 
resent as 
ilave you 
tures eX- 
held this 
cience of 
derstood, 
e to you, 
prudent of 
he gentle- 
1ase some 
with rais- 
1omy as is 
the land. 
is country 
ently been 
rming are 
it is quite 
jibitions to 
lisplay the 
Ire upon a 
periority of 


HAMILTON, 288e. 261 


a scientific and liberal culture of the land. I have no 
doubt that much good will result in the advice given 
in the report which will be issued of the Agricultural 
Commission now sitting in this Province. There is 
much upon which you may be congratulated. The 
great increase in the numbers of horses raised here is 
meeting the demand for them-~—the growth of the 
cheese rianufacture under the factory system—the 
increased attention given to root growing in connection 
with cattle feeding—the care bestowed on more general 
under-draining—the development of fruit and vine 
culture, and the excellence and cheapness of your 
agricultural implements, are all features upon which 
we may dwell with the utmost satisfaction. Your 
pasture lands are so wide, and the {ucilities afforded 
by the country for the raising of stock are so great, 
that it will be your own fault if you allow any others, 
be they breeders in the old country or the United 
States, to take the wind too much out of your sails. 
It is to be desired that provision be made against bad 
usage of the meat sent to England, for sufficient care 
is not taken of it at present after debarkation, and it 
appears to disadvantage in consequence in the markets. 
It must be remembered that at the present moment 
you have advantages with regard to the protection 
afforded you in the permission given to land your 
cattle alive in the old country, when it is denied to the 
States, which cannot be expected to last. It is im- 
possible to urge too strongly the necessity of prepara- 
tion against a time when American cattle will be again 
admitted alive into England. Unless you get the very 


262 MONTREAL, 288o. 


best stock, and produce high graded beasts, you can- 
not hold your own. The necessary expense attending 
the purchase of high-bred cattle will now pay you, and 
if with their produce you can maintain your place 
in the European markets, you may be assured that the 
money so spent could never have been spent to better 
purpose. I am informed that lately at Toronto—and 
I hope we may see the same feature here in two days 
—Galloways, Polled Angus, as well as good Shorthorns, 
were to be seen in the yards. In sheep also, some of 
the gentlemen who with so much foresight lead the 
way amongst our agricultural communities, have made 
purchases this year of Shropshire and other high-class 
animals. I trust that each year may see a marked im- 
provement with respect to following such leaders, and 
I have the utmost confidence that with the spirit of 
enterprise which has made British North America pro- 
portionately equal to any area on this continent in 
population, and in all the arts which can lead to that 
population’s prosperity and happiness, Canada will not 
be found to be one whit behindhand. 


To an address presented at the opening of the Quebec Provincial 
Fair, held at Montreal, His Excellency, the Governor-General, 
replied, both in French and English, as follows :— 

Gentlemen,—It is a happy augury for our country ‘ 
that the expressions of loyaity to the throne, and con- ; 
fidence in the institutions under which we live, should 
be emphasised by you, who represent the different 
races of which our nationality is composed, when we 
meet to-day under roofs which shelter the products of 


Du can- 
ending 
bu, and 
r place 
hat the 
o better 
o—and 
vo days 
brthorns, 
some of 
lead the 
re made 
igh-class 
rked im- 
lers, and 
spirit of 
erica pro- 
tinent in 
d to that 
1 will not 


c Provincial 
.or-General, 


ir country 
and con- 
ve, should 
. different 
, when we 
roducts of 


MONTREAL, 1788o. 263 
the industrial and agricultural industry of a wide terri- 
tory, now enjoying marked and unusual prosperity. It 
is not only a personal sentiment of reverence toward the 
august occupant of the throne, the iaithful interpreter 
of our constitutional law, but it is to the perfected 
fabric of the experience of many centuries,—to the 
freest form of government on earth, that you declare 
your devotion. The love for such institutions can 
therefore be no passing phase dependent upon any 
single life; but 1s a love that lives with the life of the 
nation by whose decrees those institutions exist and 
abide. 

It is my happy duty to represent among you to-day 
the countenance given yearly by the Federal Govern- 
ment to one of those great provincial fairs, by which 
our people in each section of the country show the 
high value they place upon the comparison and com- 
petition to be obtained by such exhibitions. Each 
year Industrial Art is thus aided, and a stimulus ts 
given to the excellency of workmanship, which can 
alone content a people with its manufactures, and 
provide for their acceptance abroad. Each year at 
such re-unions the prospects of fresh enterprise in 
agriculture are discussed. For instance, we look for- 
ward with confidence to the new organisations for the 
cultivation of the beet-root, to be undertaken under 
favourable auspices, experiments having already proved 
that the beet-root grown here possesses a far larger 
percentage of sugar than can be shown by that of either 
France or Germany. Again, in the exportation of 
phosphates, whicn nave proved theimselves so excellent 


264 MONTREAL, 7880. 


as fertilisers that they have arrested the attention of 
the Agricultural Chambers of Europe, fresh combina- 
tions will ensure a large supply from the Valley of the 
Ottawa. Lastly, the encouragement of the improve- 
ment in the breed of cattle, and the solution of the 
problem how best to export them with profit, engage 
your minds. It is almost certain that although in 
some parts of our country the cattie must be fed during 
winter for a longer period than in others, yet with 
good management and proper co-operation, wherever 
good crops can be produced, the winter will form no 
obstacle to the profitable sale of cattle in the European 
markets. By contributing last year at Ottawa, and 
this year at Montreal, to a Provincial exhibition, the 
government of our Union designates its desire in the 
interest of the whole country to supplement each year, 
at a different place, those provincial resources which 
are so wisely lavished on many branches of education. 
The grant given on the part of the Union by which 
this meeting is constituted a Dominion Exhibition, is 
the contribution made for a special branch of instruc- 
tion. As by our constitution, education is a provincial 
matter, such Federal grants, if made, must be given 
where more than the interests of one Province only 
are concerned. The object to be attained is to help 
forward those who, owing to a less favouring fortune, 
are behindhand, by enabling them to see the results 
attained by their neighbours. The question must not 
only be, ‘‘ Will such an Exhibition pay its expenses ?” 
It must be asked, “Will such an Exhibition spread 
useful knowledge over wider districts which require it ?” 


ntion of 
ombina- 
by of the 
mprove- 

of the 


, engage 
ough in 
‘d during 
yet with 
wherever 
| form no 
European 
awa, and 
ition, the 
ire in the 
sach year, 
ces which 
>ducation. 
by which 
ibition, 1s 
of instruc- 
provincial 
; be given 
vince only 
is to help 
g fortune, 
the results 
1 must not 
xpenses ?” 
ion spread 
equire it ?” 


MONTREAL, 788o. 265 


Let me, in concluding these remarks in answer to 
your address, express on the part of the Princess the 
gratitude she will feel at your mention of her name; 
and IJ shall now fulfil the duty, for the performance 
of which I have been invited here, in declaring this 
Exhibition open to the public. 


At the laying of the foundation-stone of a new Museum at M‘Gill 
University, Montreal, in 1880, His Excellency spoke as 
follows :— 

Mr. Chancellor, Members of Convocation, Ladies 
and Gentlemen,—Now that my part in the physical 
exercises, which I cannot say I have graccd, but 
have accomplished, is over, I have been asked to 
take also a part in the intellectual exercises of this 
day by saying a few words to you. When I first came 
to Canada, and afterwards at the time when Con- 
federation was coming into being, the first political 
lesson that I learnt with regard to this country was 
that the Federal Government would have nothing 
whatever to do with education. ‘The earliest lesson 
that I learnt, on arriving in Canada fourteen years 
afterwards, was that the head of the Federal Govern- 
ment was frequently expected to attend on such 
occasions as that on which we are assembled to-day, 
which has certainly a great deal to do with education. 
Perhaps, however, I may flatter myself by supposing 
that my presence here to-day has been desired more 
in the capacity of a friendthan as an official—(applause) 
—and I hope that this may be the footing on which you 
will always allow me to meet you and see what you 


266 MONTREAL, 7880, 


are doing. I can assure you I will never betray any | 
of your secrets te my Ministers, except under the 
advice of my honourable friend on my right (the Lieu- 
tenant-Governor Robitaille), who is the natural pro- : 
tector and guardian of this University, and of education | 
in this Province. (Laughter.) I share most heartily ; 
with you in the joy you must experience at the pro- 
spect of possessing so fine a hall for the accommoda- 


: ; ; ; 5 
tion of the treasures which are rapidly accumulating : 
i. in your hands. That the necessity for a large build- 
ing should have been so promptly met by the sym- i 


pathetic support and far-seeing generosity of Mr. 
Redpath, proves that the race of benefactors, illustrated 
i by the names of Molson and M‘Gill, has not died out | h 
amongst us. (Loud applause.) The removal of the 
} geological collections belonging to the nation from 

ae Montreal to Ottawa, which has been cetermined upon 

j as bringing more immediately unde: the eye of the 
Ht Legislature and the knowledge of the Government 
af the labours and results attained by our men of science, 
{ necessarily deprives the residents of Montreal, who 
are students, of the facilities hitherto afforded by the 
presence in this city of those collections. It is satis- 
factory to know that this loss will be palliated by such 
noble gifts as those which have furnished you with 
other collections, which are now to find at last a proper 
place for their display. (Applause.) You who have 
in your Chancellor and members of Convocation such 
i eminent and worthy representatives of judicial attain- 
1 aoe ment, of classical learning, of medical and surgical 
knowledge, and of scientific research, will well know 


betray any 
nder the 
(the Lieu- 
htural pro- 
education 
bst heartily 
t the pro- 
commoda- 
umulating 
rge build- 
y the sym- 
ty of Mr. 
, illustrated 
ot died out 
oval of the 
ation from 
mined upon 
eye of the 
sovernment 
1 of science, 
ntreal, who 
rded by the 
It is satis- 
ted by such 
sd you with 
last a proper 
yu who have 
ocation such 
dicial attain- 
and surgical 
ill well know 


MONTREAL, 188o. 267 


how to give full value to the last of these subjects, 
namely, to the culture of the natural sciences. (Ap- 
plause.) Besides the direct utility of a knowledge of 
zoology, botany, geology, and chemistry, and of the 
kindred branches grouped under the designation of 
natural science, the pleasure to be derived from them 
is not amongst the least of the advantages of their 
study. (Hear, hear.) However forbidding the country 
in which he is placed, however uninteresting the other 
surroundings of a man’s life may be, he need never 
miss the delights of an engrossing occupation, if the 
very earth on which he treads, each leaf and insect, 
and all the phenomena of nature around him, cause 
him to follow out new lines of study, and give his 
thought a wider range. This is enough to make a 
man feel as though in the enjoyment of a never-dying 
vitality, and I doubt if any one amongst you feels 
younger than your honoured Principal, although his 
studies have led him in fancy over every region, and 
must make him feel as if a perpetual youth had caused 
him to live through all geological time. (Laughter and 
applause.) ‘To parallel a saying, spoken of another 
eminent man, he certainly has learnt all that rocks 
can teach, except to be hard-hearted. (Renewed 
laughter.) It seems to me peculiarly appropriate that 
he who first established the certainty of the ‘ Dawn 
of Life” amongst the Laurentian rocks of Canada, 
should here, through his untiring zeal, officiate in 
launching into the dawn of public recognition the 
young manhood of his country. (Applause.) It is 
your great good fortune that in your Principal you 


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WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 


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MONTREAL, 1788o. 


have a leader who is an admirable guide, not alone 
in the fairy realms of science, but also through those 
sterner, and, to some, less attractive regions which own 
the harsher rule of the exigencies of the daily life 
around us. (Hear, hear.) He has traced in the rocks 
the writing of the Creator, and with the magic light, 
only to be borne by him who has earned the power 
through toil of reason and of induction, he has been 
able to see in the spirit and describe the processes of 
creation. His knowledge has pierced the dark ages, 
when through countless zons the earth was being pre- 
pared for man; he has shown how forests—vast as 
those we see to-day, but with vanished forms of vegeta- 
tion and of life, grew, decayed, and were preserved 
in altered condition to give us in these days of colder 
skies the fuel we need. He has been for his beloved 
Acadia the historian of the cycles when God formed 
her under the primal waters, fashioned her in the 
marshes teeming in His fervent heat, caused His fire 
to fuse the metal in her rocks, and His ice to scourge 
the coasts, thereafter to be subjected to yet more 
stupendous changes, and raised and made fit for the 
last and highest of His works. (Loud applause.) But 
Dr. Dawson’s great knowledge and wide learning have 
not led him, as they might lead many, to live apart in 
fastidious study and in selfish absorption, forgetful of 
the claims and contemptuous of the merits of others. 
..fear, hear.) His wisdom in these difficult studies 
has not separated him from us; it has only been a 
fresh cause for us to hail that public spirit which 
makes him give all he has, whether of strength, of 


not alone 
bugh those 
which own 
p daily life 
the rocks 
agic light, 
the power 
e has been 
processes of 
dark ages, 
5 being pre- 
sts—vast as 
is of vegeta- 
e preserved 
ys of colder 
his beloved 
God formed 
her in the 
ised His fire 
e to scourge 
o yet more 
de fit for the 
jlause.) But 
earning have 
live apart in 
, forgetful of 
its of others. 
ficult studies 
only been a 
spirit which 
strength, of 


CHAMBLY, 188o. 269 


time, or of knowledge, for the benefit of his fellow- 
citizens. (Applause.) Just as it was not for Acadia 
alone, but in the interests of science, that his first 
labour was undertaken; so now it is not for any 
especial locality, but for the good of the whole of our 
country, that he is head of this place of learning, 
whence depart so many to take their lot in the civil 
lite of Canada. Even in his presence it is right that 
this should be said of him, here on this spot, where 
you are to raise a new temple of the practical sciences, 
and now that he, with you, has become the recipient 
of this gift, which is a tribute from one who has earned 
success in the hard battle of life, offered to men who, 
with so much devotion, are training other lives to win 
their way by knowledge through the difficulties that 
may lie before them. (Loud applause.) 


A fine statue of Colonel de Salaberry, by Mr. Hébert of Montreal, was, 
in 1880, unveiled at Chambly. A large concourse of people, and 
representative men from all parts of the Province of Quebec, 
were present, and after eloquent speeches from Colonel Har- 
wood and other gentlemen, His Excellency said :— 

Accept my thanks for your address, which records 
your patriotic desire to honour in a befitting manner the 
memory of a patriot. I rejoice to be able to take part 
with you in this commemoration of a gallant soldier. 
Weare here to unveil a monument dedicated to a man 
who worthily represented the loyal spirit of his age. 
That spirit exists to the full to-day. Should need arise, 
there are many among the Canadian nation who would 
emulate his example and endeavour to rival his achieve- 


270 CHAMBLY, 788o. 


ments, ‘This statue records a character typical of 
our countrymen. Content with little for himself, 
content only with greatness for his country—such was 
the character of De Salaberry ; such is the character of 
the Canadian to-day. At Chambly, in the Province 
where he had the good fortune to have the occa- 
sion to manifest that valour which was the proud 
tradition of his race, we place his statue. It ‘s raised 
in no spirit of idle boasting, but with a hope that the 
virtues shown of old may, unforgotten, light and guide 
future generations. These virtues were conspicuous in 
this distinguished man, whose military talents enabled 
him to perform his duty with signal advantage to our 
arms. In rearing this monument to him, let us not 
forget to pay a passing tribute to his brothers. They, 
with him, in the hour of danger, took to the profession 
of arms, we may almost say as a part of their nature. 
Three of them perished in upholding the honour of 
that flag which is to-day our symbol of unity and free- 
dom. In this fair region, which was his home, a con- 
trast between our times and those in which he lived 
comes forcibly before us. Where are now the wide 
tracts of fertile fields and a country traversed by rail- 
ways or to be reached by the steamers on our rivers, De 
Salaberry and his voltigeurs, when they made their 
gallant defence, saw only scattered clearings among 
great forests. These, too, often concealed contending 
armies. While we cherish the recollection of gallant 
deeds performed, where English and French-speaking 
Canadians equally distinguished themselves, it is not 
necessary to dwell on the bitter associations of those 


typical of 
r himself, 
such was 
haracter of 
p Province 
the occa- 
the proud 
It ‘s raised 
e that the 
and guide 
spicuous in 
ts enabled 
tage to our 
let us not 
ers. They, 
e profession 
heir nature. 
- honour of 
ity and free- 
ome, a con- 
ch he lived 
yw the wide 
sed by rail- 
ur rivers, De 
made their 
ings among 
| contending 
mn of gallant 
ch-speaking 
es, it is not 
ons of those 


CHAMBLY, 178§8o. 271 


times. We are at peace, and live in what we hope will 
be an abiding friendship and alliance with the great 
and generous people of the south. They then endea- 
voured to conquer us, but were in the-end only enabled 
to entertain for the Canadians that respect which 
is the only true and lasting foundation of friend 
ship. We naust be thankful and rejoice that our rival- 
ries with them arc now only in the fruitful fields of 


con. nerce. Our resources in these peaceful paths are 


daily supplying the sinews of strength and the power 
to us in resources and population which would make 
any war undertaken against Canada a war that would 
be a long and a difficult one. They do not desire to 
invade us. We trust that such a desire will never again 
arise, for nations do not now so often as of old inter- 
fere with their neighbours when no faction invites inter- 
ference. If in 1812 Canada was dear for her own sake 
to Canadians, how much moreisshesonow? ‘Then 
possessed only of a small population, enjoying liberty 
under the zgis of a narrow constitution, now we see in 
her a great and growing people, self-governed at home, 
proud of the freest form of constitution, and able to 
use in association with her own representative the 
diplomatic strength of a great empire for the making 
of her commercial compacts with other nations. With 
us there is no party which would invite incursions 
or change of government. No man has a chance of 
success in Canadian public life, no one is countenanced 
by our people, who is not a lover of free institutions. 
In inviting here the Governor-General you have an 
officer present, who as the head of the Federal govern 


272 ST. THOMAS, 188o. 


ment is nothing but the first and abiding representative 
of the people. It is, however, not only as an official 
that I rejoice with you to-day. Personal feelings make 
it a joyful hour for me when I can visit the cradle of 
so much worth and valour, surrounded as I am by the 
members of the family of Monsieur de Salaberry. The 
Princess and I can never forget the intimate friendship 
which existed between Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, 
and Colonel de Salaberry—a friendship between 
families which, I may be allowed to hope, will not be 
confined to the grandfathers. The Princess asked me 
to express the deep interest she takes in this celebra- 
tion. She wishes me to convey to you her sorrow that 
she is not here to-day with us. She yet hopes to be 
able to see this monument, where for the first time 
Canadian art has so honourably recorded in sculpture 
Canadian loyalty, bravery, and genius. 


In 1880, at St. Thomas in Ontario, over 6000 men of Highland 
descent were present at a meeting attended by the Governor- 
General, who spoke as follows in reply to an address delivered 
in Gaelic and English :— 


Highlanders and Friends from the Land of the 
Gael,—You do not know how much pleasure you 
give me in coming forward, and in such a touching 
and eloquent address as that to which I have just 
listened, giving me the assurance of the unchangeable 
loyalty which animates your hearts, and of the pride 
with which you look back upon the country of your 
forefathers. (Applause.) It is not often that a man 
gets so many kindly words addres.ed to him from so 
great a meeting of his countrymen. Although it is 


resentative 
an official 
lings make 
e cradle of 
[ am by the 
berry. The 
p friendship 
e of Kent, 
p between 
will not be 
ss asked me 
his celebra- 
sorrow that 
hopes to be 
e first time 
in sculpture 


n of Highland 
- the Governor- 
dress delivered 


and of the 
leasure you 
1 a touching 
I have just 
nchangeable 
of the pride 
ntry of your 
that a man 
him from so 
though it is 


ST. THOMAS, 188o. 273 


for Canada as a whole that I work in this country, 
and for her whole population of whatever race that 
my heart, as well as my duty, urges me to strive, yet 
it is a peculiar delight that such endeavours should be 
illustrated by meeting with those who are descended 
from men at whose side, in the dark ages of trial 
and of difficulty, my fathers fought and died. We 
have many ancient memories in common. You 
tell me that these are rehearsed among you. I know 
that among your cousins at home the tales of the 
deeds of the heroes of the Feinn of Ireland and of 
Scotland, and the achievements of the great men who 
have lived since their day, in successive centuries, are 
constantly repeated. I would give nothing for a man 
who could place little value upon the lives and times 
of his ancestors, not only because without them he him- 
selt would have no existence—(laughter)—but because 
in tracing the history of their lives, and in remembering 
the difficulties they encountered, he will be spurred to 
emulate, in as far as in him lies, the triumphs that 
have caused them to be remembered. (Cheers.) I 
would give nothing for a French-Canadian who could 
not look back with pride on the glorious discoveries 
and contests of the early pioneers of Canada. I would 
give nothing for a German who in Ontario could for- 
get that he came from the race who under Hermann 
hurled back the tide of Roman invasion; nor for an 
Englishman who forgets the splendid virtues which 
have made the English character comparable to the 
native oak. (Applause.) Such reminiscences and 


such incentives to display in the present day the virtues 
Ss 


Lie Ne CIID Bes ES Lae 


sleet ee ee 


ements 


ea TT ee eee 


a a a a — Se eee 


274 ST. THOMAS, 788o. 


of our ancestors can have none but a good result. 
Here our different races have, through God’s provi- 
dence, become the inheritors of a new country, where 
the blood of all is mingling, and where a nation is 
arising which we firmly believe will show through 
future centuries the nerve, the energy, and intellectual 
powers which characterised the people of northern 
Europe. (Hear, hear.) And let our pride in this 
country with reference to its sons not be so much seen 
in pride of the original stock, as in the feeling of joy 
which should arise when we can say, “Such an orator, 
such a soldier, such a poet, or such a statesman is 
a Canadian.” (Cheers.) Keep up a knowledge of 
your ancient language; for the exercise giver to a 
man’s mind in the power given by the ability to express 
his thoughts in two languages is no mean advantage. 
I would gladly have given much of the time devoted 
in boyhood to acquiring Greek to the acquisition of 
Gaelic. My friends, let me now tell you how happy 
it makes me to see that the valour, the skill, and the 
bravery which used to make you chief among your 
neighbours in the strife of swords, is here shown in 
the mastery of the difficulties of nature. Your lives 
are here cast in pleasant places. The aspect of the 
fertility of your lands, of the success of their cultiva- 
tion, and of your prosperity in their enjoyment, is 
producing so powerful an effect upon your brethren at 
home, that we have some difficulty in persuading the 
most enterprising amongst them to remain in the old 
country. (Laughter.) You know that economic 
causes have forced much of the increasing population 


yd result. 


l’s provi- 
ry, where 
nation is 
through 
tellectual 
northern 
e in this 
nuch seen 
ng of joy 
an orator, 
tesman 1S 
wledge of 
iven to a 
to express 
1dvantage. 
e devoted 
uisition of 
10w happy 
ll, and the 
nong your 
shown in 
Your lives 
ect of the 
eir cultiva- 
oyment, is 
brethren at 
uading the 
in the old 
economic 
population 


ST. THOMAS, 188o. 275 


of Scotland to seek the towns, and the change in the 
proprietorship of lands has united in a few unfortunate 
instances with the love for hunting in tempting men, 
in more modern times, to care more for their preserves 
of animals than for the preserves they could point to 
as being filled with men. My family has always loved, 
not for policy, but on account of their fellow-citizens, 
to place in the balance, against the temptation for gain 
among the people, the love of home; and have thus 
had many men on their lands. In a small country, of 
poor climate as compared with Canada, this must of 
course be regulated by the resources of the land. 
But I visit always with a peculiar pleasure those dis- 
tricts at home where a large population has been able 
to find a competent livelihood. One island known 
to many of you, namely, Tiree, has upon a surface 
of twelve miles long by about two in width over three 
thousand souls. At the present day I find that some 
of those who have visited Ontario, or who know from 
their friends what this land is like, now come to us 
and say, “‘ We are tempted to go to Canada, for each of 
our friends there has for himself a farm as big as the 
whole island of Tiree.” (Laughter.) This is only an in- 
stance of how much the western Highlander has thriven 
in these new and more spacious homes. (Cheers.) 
Some amongst you are of my name. I find that the 
Campbells get on as well as anybody else in this 
country. Lately a gentleman managed to praise him- 
self, his wife, and me by making the following speech. 
He said, “I am glad to see you here as Governor- 
General. I always find that the Campbells in this 


ST. THOMAS, 188. 


276 


country manage to get most excellent places.” Hethen 
pointed to his wife, and proved his argument by the 
announcement, ‘‘ My wife there is a Campbell.” (Re- 
newed laughter.) That you, your children, and 
children’s children, may continue to prosper is the wish 
of my heart, and the desire of all in the Mother Country, 
who see that here you are one of the powers that 
constitute, in the new world, a community devoted to 
the great traditions, to the might and enduring grandeur 
of our united empire. (Loud cheers.) Had it not 
been so you would not have come to meet me here 
to-day. Sometime ago I visited Killin, in Perthshire, 
a most interesting place. It is a rocky island covered 
with heather, grass, and pine trees, placed in the 
centre of the foaming waters of the river Dochart, 
which streams from Benmore. It was the ancient 
burial place of the gallant race of Macnab, a clan 
which with its chief came over to Canada and was 
‘illustrious in the history of this country. Its chief, 
Sir Allan, became, not by virtue of descent, but by 
ability and integrity, a leader in the public life of 
Canada. His son came to Killin to see this last 
resting-place of his fathers, and was there seen by a 
poet, who in some beautiful verses says :— 


regs 
ALB RAST MN RI CECA RII S| += Saito 


** Would a son of the chieftain have dared to invade 
The isle where the heroes repose ; ” 


Were it not, that as— 


‘* A pilgrim he came to that place of the dead, 
For he knew that the tenant of each narrow bed, 
Would hail him as worthy of them.” 


He then 
it by the 
1.” (Re- 
en, and 
s the wish 
Country, 
wers that 
evoted to 
| grandeur 
ad it not 
t me here 
>erthshire, 
d covered 
od in the 
» Dochart, 
1e ancient 
ib, a clan 
4 and was 
Its chief, 
nt, but by 
blic life of 
e this last 
seen by a 


invade 


w bed, 


WINNIPEG, 2882. 277 


He then asks how he and they had shown their 
metal, and in vindication of their fidelity to their 
ancient fame, lie imagines that the very wind that 
waved the fir branches over the old tombs carries in 
rustling whisper, or in strong breath of storm, among 
the boughs :— 


‘* A voice as it flies, 
From the far distant forest that fringes the deeps 
Of the rushing St. Lawrence, replies :— 
That, however to Albyn their name 
Flas become like a tale of past years that is told ; 
On the shores of Lake Erie that race is the same, 
And as true to the land of its birth and its fame, 
As their gallant forefathers of old.” = 


May this be ever so with you, and may God 
prosper and bless you in all your undertakings. 
(Prolonged cheers.) 


On his return to Winnipeg, after his tour through the North-Western 
Territories in 1881, His Excellency spoke as follows :— 

Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen,—I beg to thank 
you most cordially for the pleasant reception you have 
given to me on my return to Winnipeg, and for the 
words in which you proposed my health and have 
expressed a hope for the complete recovery of the 
Princess from the effects of that most unfortunate 
accident which took place at Ottawa. I know that 
the Canadian people will always remember that it was 
in sharing the duties incurred in their service that the 
Princess received injuries which have, only temporarily, 
I trust, so much impaired her health. (Applause.) 


Sd 
| 
I 
* Nerteions i 7 


ete httiminnerilbonn many 


278 WINNIPEG, 7881. 


Two years hence the journey I have undertaken will 
be an easy one for all to accomplish throughout its 
length, while at present the facilities of railway and 
steam accommodation only suffice for halfofit. Fora 
Canadian, personal knowledge of the North-West is 
indispensable. To be ignorant of the North-West is 
to be ignorant of the greater portion of our country. 
(Applause.) Hitherto I have observed that those who 
have seen it justly look down upon those who have 
not, with a kind of pitying contempt which you may 
sometimes have observed that they who have got up 
earlier in the morning than others and seen some 
beautiful sunrise, assume towards the friends who have 
slept until the sun is high inthe heavens. (Laughter.) 
Our track, though it led us far, only enabled us to see 
a very small portion of your heritage now being made 
accessible. Had time permitted we should have ex- 
plored the immense country which lies along the whole 
course of the wonderful Saskatchewan, which, with its 
two gigantic branches, opens to steam navigation settle- 
ments of rapidly growing importance. As it was, we but 
touched the waters of the north and south branches, 
and striking southwestwards availed ourselves of the 
American railway lines in Montana for our return. 
It was most interesting to compare the southern moun- 
tains and prairies with our own, and not even the 
terrible events which have recently cast so deep a gloom 
upon our neighbours, as well as ourselves, could prevent 
our kinsmen from showing that hospitality and courtesy 
which makes a visit to their country so great a pleasure. 
(Loud applause.) I am the more glad to bear witness 


ken will 
shout its 
way and 
. Fora 
1-West is 
h-West 1s 
country. 
those who 
who have 
you may 
ye got up 
een some 
who have 
Laughter.) 
1 us to see 
eing made 
1 have ex- 
x the whole 
ch, with its 
ition settle- 
was, we but 
branches, 
‘ves of the 
our return. 
ern moun- 
even the 
Pep a gloom 
buld prevent 
nd courtesy 
a pleasure. 
bear witness 


WINNIPEG, 7881. 279 


to this courtesy in the presence of the distinguished 
consul of the United States, who is your guest this 
evening, and who, in this city, so honourably repre- 
sents his country—(applause)—in nothing more than 
in this, that he has never misrepresented our own. 
(Loud applause.) Like almost all his compatriots who 
occupy by the suffrage of their people official positions, 
he has recognised that fact, which is happily acknow- 
ledged by all of standing amongst ourselves, that the 
interests of the British Empire and of the United States 
may be advanced side by side without jealousy or fric- 
tion, and that the good of the one is interwoven with 
the welfare of the other. (Cheers.) Canada has re- 
cently shown that sympathy with her neighbour’s grief 
which becomes her, and which has been so marked 
throughout all portions of our Empire. She has sor- 
rowed with the sorrow of the great commonwealth, 
whose chief has been struck down, in the fulness of 
his strength, in the height of his usefulness, in the day 
of universal recognition of his noble character, by the 
dastard hand of the assassin. We have felt in this 
as though we ourselves had suffered, for General Gar- 
field’s position and personal worth made his own and 
his fellow citizens’ misfortune a catastrophe for all 
English-speaking races. The bulletins telling of his 
calm and courageous struggle against cruel and un- 
merited affliction, have been read and discussed by us 
with as strong an admiration for the man, and with as 
tender a sentiment for the anxiety and misery of his 
family, as they have been awaited and perused in the 
south. It is fitting and good that this should be. We 


; fate meander 


Sqeotoasts 


280 WINNIPEG, 12881. 


have with the Americans, not only a common descent, 
but a similar position on this continent, and a like pro- 
bable destiny. The community of feeling reaches 
beyond the fellowship arising from the personal interest 
attaching to the dignity of a high office sustained with 
honour, and to the reverence for the tender ties of 
hearth and home, sacred though these be, for Canadians 
and Americans have each a common aim and a com- 
mon ideal. Though belonging to very different poll- 
tical schools, and preferring to advance by very different 
paths, we both desire to live only in a land of perfect 
liberty. (Loud cheers.) When the order which en- 
sures freedom is desecrated by the cowardly rancour 
of the murderer, or by the tyranny of faction, the blow 
touches more than one life, and strikes over a wider 
circle than that where its nearer and immediate con- 
sequences are apparent. The people of the United 
States have been directed into one political organisa- 
tion, and we are cherishing and developing another; 
but they will find no men with whom a closer and 
more living sympathy with their triumphs or with their 
trouble abides, than their Canadian cousins in the 
Dominion. (Cheers.) Let this be so in the days of 
unborn generations, and may we never have again to 
express our horror at such a deed of infamy as that 
which has lately called forth, in so striking a manner, 
the proofs of international respect and affection. 
(Hear, hear.) To pass to other themes awaking no 
unhappy recollections, you will expect me to mention 
a few of the impressions made upon us by what we 
have seen during the last few weeks. Beautiful as are 


n descent, 

a like pro- 

g reaches 

hal interest 

ained with 

Her ties of 
Canadians 

nd a com- 

erent poll- 
ry different 
of perfect 
which en- 
lly rancour 
n, the blow 
er a wider 
diate con- 
he United 
il organisa- 
g another ; 
closer and 
r with their 
sins in the 
the days of 
ive again to 
my as that 
- a manner, 
| affection. 
awaking no 
to mention 
by what we 
utiful as are 


WINNIPEG, 1788r. 251 


the numberless lakes and illimitable forests of Keewatin 
—the land of the north wind, to the east of you—yet 
it was pleasant to “‘ get behind the north wind ”—/(laugh- 
ter)—and to reach your open plains. The contrast is 
great between the utterly silent and shadowy solitudes 
of the pine and fir forests, and the sunlit and breezy 
ocean of meadowland, voiceful with the music of birds, 
which stretches onward from the neighbourhood of 
your city. In Keewatin the lumber industry and min- 
ing enterprises can alone be looked for, but here it is 
impossible to imagine any kind of work which shall not 
produce results equal to those attained in any of the 
great cities of the world. (Great cheering.) Unknown 
a few years ago except for some differences which had 
arisen amongst its people, we see Winnipeg now with 
a population unanimously joined in happy concord, 
and rapidly lifting it to the front rank amongst the 
commercial centres of the continent. We may look 
in vain elsewhere for a situation so favourable and 
so commanding—many as are the fair regions of 
which we can boast. (Loud cheers.) There may be 
some among you before whose eyes the whole 
wonderful panorama of our Provinces has passed— 
the ocean-garden island of Prince Edward; the 
magnificent valleys of the St. John and Sussex; the 
marvellous country, the home of ‘‘ Evangeline,” where 
Blomidon looks down on the tides of Fundy, and over 
tracts of red soil richer than the weald of Kent. You 
may have seen the fortified Paradise of Quebec ; and 
Montreal, whose prosperity and beauty is worthy of 
her great St. Lawrence, and you may have admired 


282 WINNIPEG, 7881. 


the well-wrought and splendid Province of Ontario, 
and rejoiced at the growth of her capital, Toronto, 
and yet nowhere will you find a situation whose 
natural advantages promise so great a future as that 
which seems ensured to Manitoba and to Winnipeg, 
the Heart city of our Dominion. (Tremendous cheer- 
ing.) The measureless meadows which commence 
here stretch without interruption of their good soil 
westward to your boundary. ‘The Province is a green 
sea over which the summer winds pass in waves of 
rich grasses and flowers, and on this vast extent it 
is only as yet here and there that a yellow patch 
shows some gigantic wheat field. (Loud cheering.) 
Like a great net cast over the whole are the bands 
and clumps of poplar wood which are everywhere 
to be met with, and which, no doubt, when the 
prairie fires are more carefully guarded against, will, 
wherever they are wanted, still further adorn the land- 
scape. (Cheers.) The meshes of this wocd-netting 
are never further than twenty or thirty miles apart. 
Little hay swamps and sparkling lakelets, teeming 
with wild fowl, are always close at hand, and if the 
surface water in some of these uas alkali, excellent 
water can always be had in others, and by the simple 
process of digging for it a short distance beneath the 
sod with a spade, the soil being so devoid of stones 
that it is not even necessary to usea pick. No wonder 
that under these circumstances we hear no croaking. 
Croakers are very rare animals throughout Canada. 
It was remarked with surprise, by an Englishman 
accustomed to British grumbling, that even the frogs 


f Ontario, 
Toronto, 
on whose 
re as that 
Winnipeg, 
ous cheer- 
-ommence 
good soil 
is a green 
1 waves of 
- extent it 
low patch 
cheering.) 
the bands 
~verywhere 
when the 
yainst, will, 
n the land- 
ood-netting 
uiles apart. 
s, teeming 
and if the 
i, excellent 
the simple 
yeneath the 
1 of stones 
No wonder 
o croaking. 
ut Canada. 
inglishman 


-n the frogs 


WINNIPEG, 2882. 283 


sing instead of croaking in Canada—(great cheering) 
—and the few letters that have appeared speaking 
of disappointment will be amongst the rarest auto- 
graphs which the next generation will cherish in 
their museums. But with even the best troops of 
the best army in the world you will find a few 
malingerers—a few skulkers. However weil an action 
has been fought, you will hear officers who have been 
engaged say that there were some men whose idea 
seemed to be that it was easier to conduct them- 
selves as became them at the rear, rather than in 
the front. (Laughter and applause.) So there have 
been a few lonely and lazy voices raised in the 
stranger press dwelling upon your difficulties and 
ignoring your triumphs. ‘These have appeared from 
the pens of men who have failed in their own coun- 
tries and have failed here, who are born failures, and 
will fail, till life fails them. (Laughter and applause.) 
They are like the soldiers who run away from the 
best armies seeking to spread discomfiture, which 
exists only in those things they call their minds— 
(laughter)—and who returning to the cities say their 
comrades are defeated, or if they are not beaten, they 
should in their opinion beso. We have found, as we 
expected, that their tales are not worthy the credence 
even of the timid. (Applause.) There was not one 
person who had manfully faced the first difficulties— 
always far less than those to be encountered in the 
older Provinces —but said that he was getting on well 
and he was glad he had come, and he generally added 
that he believed his bit of the country must be the 


284 WINNIPEG, 1881. 
best, and that he only wished his friends could have 
the same good fortune, for his expectations were more 
than realised. (Cheers and laughter.) It is well to 
remember that the men who will succeed here, as in 
every young community, are usually the able-bodied, 
and that their entry on their new field of labour should 
be when tne year is young. Men advanced in life and 
coming from the old country will find their comfort 
best consulted by the ready provided accommodation 
to be obtained by the purchase of a farm in the old 
Provinces. All that the settler in Manitoba would 
seem to require is, that he should look out for a 
locality where there is either good natural drainage, 
and ninety-nine hundredths of the country has this, 
and that he should be able readily to procure in 
Winnipeg, or elsewhere, some light pumps like those 
used in Abyssinia for the easy supply of water from 
a depth of a few feet below the surface. Alkali in 
the water will never hurt his cattle, and dykes of turf 
and the planting of trees would everywhere insure 
him and them the shelter that may be required. Five 
hundred dollars should be his own to spend on his 
arrival, if he wishes to farm. If he comes as an artisan 
he may, like the happy masons now to be found in 
Winnipeg, get the wages of a British Army Colonel,* 
by putting up houses as fast as brick, wood, and 
mortar can be got together. Favourable testimony as 
to the climate was everywhere given. The heavy 

* Masons wages had risen to an extraordinary height in the 


Autumn of 1881. Excellent pay can now be obtained by brick- 
layers, carpenters, and blacksmiths. 


buld have 
ere more 
is well to 
ere, as in 
ble-bodied, 
bur should 
in life and 
ir comfort 
nmodation 
in the old 
pba would 
out for a 
| drainage, 
y has this, 
procure in 
like those 
water from 

Alkali in 
kes of turf 
ere insure 
ired. Five 
2nd on his 
5 an artisan 
e found in 
7 Colonel,* 
wood, and 
estimony as 
The heavy 


neight in the 
ned by brick- 


WINNIPEG, 788r. 285 


night dews throughout the North-West keep the 
country green when everything is burned to the south, 
and the steady winter cold, although it sounds for- 
midable when registered by the thermometer, is uni- 
versally said to be far less trying than the cold to be 
encountered at the old English Puritan city of Boston, 
in Massachussetts. It is the moisture in the atmos- 
phere which makes cold tell, and the Englishman who, 
with the thermometer at zero, would, in his moist 
atmosphere, be shivering, would here find one flannel 
shirt sufficient clothing while working. I never like 
to make comparisons, and am always unwillingly driven 
to do so, although it seems to be the natural vice of 
the well-travelled Englishman. Over and over again in 
Canada have I been asked if such and such a bay was 
not wonderfully like the Bay of Naples, for the inhabi- 
tants had often been told so. I always professed to be 
unable to see the resemblance, of course entirely out of 
deference to the susceptibilities of the Italian nation. 
So one of our party,a Scotsman, whenever in the Rocky 
Mountains he saw some grand pyramid or gigantic 
rock, ten or eleven thousand feet in height, would 
exclaim that the one was the very image of Arthur’s 
Seat and the o.ier of Edinburgh Castle. With the 
fear of Ontario before my eyes I would therefore never 
venture to compare a winter here to those of our great- 
est Province, but I am bound to mention that when a 
friend of mine put the question to a party of sixteen 
Ontario men who had settled in the western portion 
of Manitoba, as to the comparative merits of the cold 
season in the two Provinces—fourteen of them voted 


286 WINNIPEG, 7881. 


for the Manitoba climate, and only two elderly men 
said that they preferred that of Toronto. You will 
therefore see how that which is sometimes called a very 
unequal criterion of right and justice, « large majority, 
determines this question. Now although we are at 
present in Manitoba, and Manitoba interests may 
dominate our thoughts, yet you may not object to listen 
for a few moments to our experience of the country 
which lies further to the west. To the present com- 
pany the assertion may be a bold one, but they will 
be sufficiently tolerant to allow me to make it, if it 
goes no further, and I therefore say that we may 
seek for the main chance elsewhere than in Main 
street. The future fortunes of this country beyond 
this Province bear directly upon its prosperity. Al- 
though you may not be able to dig for four feet 
through the same character of black loam that you 
have here when you get to the country beyond Fort 
Ellice, yet in its main features it is the same right up 
to the forks of the Saskatchewan. I deeply regret that 
I was not able to visit Edmonton, which bids fair to 
rival any place in the North-West. Settlement is 
rapidly increasing there, and I met at Battleford one 
man who alone had commissions from ten Ontario 
farmers to buy for them at that place. Nothing can 
exceed the fertility and excellence of the land along 
almost the whole course of that great river, and to 
the north of it in the wide strip belting its banks and 
extending up to the Peace River, there will be room 
for a great population whose opportunities for pro- 
fitable cultivation of the soil will be most enviable. 


lerly men 
You will 
led a very 
majority, 
we are at 
‘ests may 
st to listen 
e country 
sent com- 
- they will 
ke it, if it 
t we may 
1 in Main 
ry beyond 
erity. Al- 
' four feet 
1 that you 
syond Fort 
1e right up 
‘regret that 
bids fair to 
tlement is 
tleford one 
en Ontario 
othing can 
land along 
ver, and to 
banks and 
ll be room 
ies for pro- 
st enviable. 


WINNIPEG, 17881. 287 
The netting of wood of which I have spoken as cover- 
ing all the prairie between Winnipeg and Battleford, 
is beyond that point drawn up upon the shores of the 
prairie sea, and lies in masses of fine forest in the 
gigantic half circle formed by the Saskatchewan and 
the Rockies. It is only in secluded valleys, on the 
banks of large lakes, and in river bottoms, that much 
wood is found in the Far West, probably owing to 
the prevalence of fires. These are easily preventible, 
and there is no reason why plantations should not 
flourish there in good situations as well as elsewhere. 
Before I leave the Saskatchewan, let me advert to the 
ease with which the steam navigation of that river can 
be vastly improved. At present there is only one 
boat at all worthy of the name of a river steamer upon 
it, and this steamer lies up during the night. A new 
company is, I am informed, now being organised, 
and there is no reason why, if the new vessels are 
properly equipped and furnished with electric lights, 
which may now be cheaply provided, they should 
not keep up a night and day service, so that the 
settlers at Prince Albert, Edmonton, and elsewhere, 
may not have, during another season, to suffer great 
privations incident to the wants of transportation 
which has loaded the banks of Grand Rapids during 
the present year with freight, awaiting steam transport. 
The great cretaceous coal seams at the headwaters of 
the rivers which rise in the Rocky Mountains or in their 
neighbourhood and flow towards your doors, should 
not be forgotten. Although you have some coal in dis- 


tricts nearer to you, we should remember that on the 


if 
i 
i 


ma : 
cars natin at. a RR PRT 


= 
x 
bi 
= 
i 
i 
4 
4 
ee 


288 WINNIPEG, 7882. 


headwaters of these streams there is plenty of the most 
excellent kind which can be floated down to you before 
you have a complete railway system. Want of time 
as well as a wish to see the less vaunted parts of the 
country took me southwestward from Battleford, over 
land which in many of the maps is variously marked 
as consisting of arid plains or as a continuation of 
the “American Desert.” The newer maps, especially 
those containing the explorations of Professor Macoun, 
have corrected this wholly erroneous idea. For two 
days’ march—that is to say, for about 60 or 70 miles 
south of Battleford —we passed over land whose excel- 
lence could not be surpassed for agricultural purposes. 
Thence to the neighbourhood of the Red Deer Valley 
the soil is lighter, but still in my opinion in most 
places good for grain—in any case most admirable 
for summer pasturage,—and it will certainly be good 
also for stock in winter as soon as it shall pay to have 
some hay stored in the valleys. The whole of it has 
been the favourite feeding ground of the buffalo. 
Their tracks from watering place to watering place, 
never too far apart from each other, were everywhere 
to be seen, while in very many tracks their dung lay so 
thickly that the appearance of the ground was only com- 
parable to that of an English farmyard. Let us hope 
that the ev¢re-acte will not be long before the disappear- 
ance of the buffalo on these scenes is followed by the 
appearance of domestic herds. The Red Deer Valley 
is especially remarkable as traversing a country where, 
according to the testimony of Indian chiers travelling 
with us, snow never lies for more than three months, 


+ 


f the most 
you before 
ut of time 
arts of the 
eford, over 
sly marked 
nuation of 
_ especially 
or Macoun,. 
For two 
yr 70 miles 
hose excel- 
| purposes. 
Deer Valley 
on in most 
- admirable 
ly be good 
pay to have 
le of it has 
the buffalo. 
ring place, 
everywhere 
dung lay so 
is only com- 
Let us hope 
e disappear- 
ywed by the 
Deer Valley 
intry where, 
is travelling 
ree months, 


WINNIPEG, 788r. 289 


and the heavy growth of poplar in the bottoms, the 
quantity of the “bull” or high cranberry bushes, and 
the rich branches that hung from the choke-cherries 
showed us that we had come into that part of the 
Dominion wnich among the plainsmen is designated 
as ‘*God’s country.” From this, onward to the Bow 
River and thence to the frontier line, the trail led 
through what will be one -f the most valued of our 
Provinces, subject to those warm winds called the 
“chinooks.” The settler will hardly ever use anything 


_but wheeled vehicles during winter, and throughout 


a great portion of the land early sowing—or fall sow- 
ing—will be all that will be necessary to ensure him 
against early frosts. At Calgarry—a place interesting 
at the present time as likely to be upon that Pacific 
Railway line* which will connect you with the Pacific, 
and give you access to “that vast shore beyond the 
furthest sea,” the shore of Asia—a good many small 
herds of cattle have been introduced within the last 
few years. During this year a magnificent herd of 
between six and seven thousand has been brought in, 
and the men who attended them and who came from 
Montana, Oregon and Texas, all averred that their 
opinion of their new ranche was higher than that of 
any with which they had been acquainted in the 
south. Excellent crops have been raised by men who 
had sown not only in the river bottoms, but also upon 
the so-called ‘‘ bench” lands or plateaux above. This 


* The Canadian Pacific Railway has now been completed to 
a valley in the Rocky Mountains beyond Calgarry, through which 
place it passes, 
T 


; : e 
PO en tein ise Pie 


290 WINNIPEG, 188r. 


testimony was also given by others on the way to Fort 
Macleod and beyond it, thus closing most satisfactorily 
the song of praise we had heard from practical men 
throughout our whole journey of 1200 miles. Let 
me advert for one moment to some of the causes 
which have enabled settlers to enjoy in such peace 
the fruits of their industry. Chief amongst these 
must be reckoned the policy of kindness and justice 
which was inaugurated by the Hudson’s Bay Company 
in their treatment of the Indians. Theirs is one of 
the cases in which a trader’s association has upheld 
the maxim that “honesty is the best policy,” even 
when you are dealing with savages. The wisdom 
and righteousness of their dealing on enlightened 
principles, which are fully followed out by their ser- 
vants to-day, gave the cue to the Canadian Govern- 
ment. The Dominion through her Indian officers 
and her mounted constabulary is showing herself 
the inheritress of these traditions. She has been 
fortunate in organising the Mounted Police Force, 
a corps of whose services it would be impossible 
to speak too highly. A mere handful in that vast 
wilderness, they have at all times shown them- 
selves ready to go anywhere and do anything. They 
have often had to act on occasions demanding the 
combined individual pluck and prudence rarely to 
be found amongst any soldiery, and there has not 
been a single occasion on which any member of the 
force has lost his temper under trying circumstances, 
or has not fulfilled his mission as a guardian of the 
peace. Severe journeys in winter and difficult arrests 


way to Fort 
atisfactorily 
ictical men 
niles. Let 
the causes 
such peace 
ongst these 
and justice 
ry Company 
irs is one ot 
has upheld 
olicy,” even 
The wisdom 
enlightened 
by their ser- 
ian Govern- 
dian officers 
wing herself 
1e has been 
olice Force, 
e impossible 
in that vast 
hown them- 
thing. They 
manding the 
nce rarely to 
here has not 
ember of the 
ircumstances, 
ardian of the 
ifficult arrests 


WINNIPEG, 788. 291 


have had to be effected in the centre of savage tribes, 
and not once has the moral prestige which was in 
reality their only weapon, been found insufficient to 
cope with difficulties which, in America, have often 
baffled the efforts of whole columns of armed men. I 
am glad of this opportunity to name these men as well 
worthy of Canada’s regard—as sons who have well 
maintained her name and fame. And now that you 
have had the patience to listen to me, and we have 
crossed the continent together, let me advise you as 
soon as possible to get up a branch Club-house, situated 
amongst our Rocky Mountains, where, during summer, 
your members may form themselves into an Alpine 
club and thoroughly enjoy the beautiful peaks and 
passes of our Alps. In the railway you will have a 
beautiful approach to the Pacific. The line, after 
traversing for days the plains, will come upon the 
rivers whose sheltering valleys have all much the same 
character. The river-beds are like great moats ina 
modern fortress—you do not see them till close upon 
them. As in the glacis and rampart of a fortress, the 
shot can search across the smoothed surfaces above the 
ditch, so any winds that may arise may sweep across 
the twin levels above the river fosses. ‘The streams 
run coursing along the sunken levels in these vast 
ditches, which are sometimes miles in width. Sheltered 
by the undulating banks, knolls, or cliffs, which form 
the margin of their excavated bounds, are woods, 
generally of poplar, except in the northern and wes- 
tern fir fringe. On approaching the mountains their 
snow caps look like huge tents encamped along the 


292 WINNIPEG, 1882. 


rolling prairie. Up to this great camp, of which a 
length of 200 miles is sometimes visible, the rivers 
wind in trenches, looking like the covered ways by 
which siege works zig-zag up to a besieged city. On 
a nearer view the camp line changes to ruined marble 
palaces, and through their tremendous walls and giant 
woods you will soon be dashing on the train for a 
winter basking on the warm Pacific coast. You have a 
country whose value it would be insanity to question, 
and which, to judge from the emigration taking place 
from the older Provinces, will be indissolubly linked 
with them. It must support a vast population. If 
we may calculate from the progress we have already 
made in comparison with our neighbours, we shall 
have no reason to fear comparison with them on the 
new areas now open to us. We have now four million 
four hundred thousand people, and these, with the 
exception of the comparatively small numbers as yet 
in this Province, are restricted to the old area. Yet 
for the last ten years our increase has been over 
18 per cent., whereas during the same period all 
the New England States taken together have shown 
an increase only of 15 per cent. In the last thirty 
years in Ohio the increase has been 61 per cent.— 
Ontario has seen during that space of time ror per 
cent. of increase, while Quebec has increased 52 per 
cent. Manitoba in ten years has increased 289 per cent., 
a greater race than any hitherto attained, and to judge 
from this year’s experience is likely to increase to an 
even more wonderful degree during the following 
decade. Statistics are at all times wearisome, but are 


of which a 
the rivers 
<d ways by 
| city. On 
ned marble 
ls and giant 
train for a 
You have a 
to question, 
aking place 
lubly linked 
ulation. If 
ave already 
‘s, we shall 
them on the 
four million 
se, with the 
nbers as yet 
larea. Yet 
s been over 
» period all 
have shown 
e last thirty 
per cent.— 
ime ror per 
based 52 per 
rSg per cent., 
and to judge 
crease to an 
e following 
ome, but are 


WINNIPEG, 788r. 293 


not these full of hope? Are they not facts giving just 
ground for that pride in our progress which is con- 
spicuous among our people, and ample reason for 
our belief that the future may be allowed to take care 
of itself. They who pour out prophecies of change, 
prescribing medicines for a sound body, are wasting 
their gifts and their time. It is among strangers that 
we hear such theories propounded by destiny men. 
With you the word “annexation” has in the last years 
only been heard in connection with the annexation of 
more territory to Manitoba. I must apologise to a 
Canadian audience for mentioning the word at all in 
any other connection. In America the annexation of 
this country is disavowed by all responsible leaders. 
As it was well expressed to me lately, the best men in 
the States desire only to annex the friendship and 
good will of Canada. (Loud cheers.) To be sure it 
may be otherwise with the camp followers ; they often 
talk as if the swallowing and digestion of Canada by 
them were only a question of time, and of rising 
reason amongst us. How far the power of the camp 
followers extends it is not for us to determine. They 
have, however, shown that they are powerful enough 
to capture a few English writers, our modern minor 
prophets who, in little magazine articles, are fond of 
teaching the nations how to behave, whose words 
preach the superiority of other countries to their own, 
and the proximate dismemberment of that British 
Empire which has the honour to acknowledge them 
as citizens. They have with our American friends of 
whom I speak at all events one virtue in common, 


294 WINNIPEG, 1788, 


they are great speculators. In the case of our south- 
ern friends this is not a matter to be deplored by us, 
for Americar speculation has been of direct material 
benefit to Canada, and we musi regret that our 
American citizens are not coming over to us so fast 
as are the Scotch, the Irish, the Germans, and the 
Scandinavians. Morally, also, it is not to be deplored 
that such speculations are made, for they show that 
it is thought that Canadians would form a useful thouch 
an unimportant wing for one of the great parties ; and, 
moreover, such prophecies clothe with amusement 
‘“‘the dry bones ’ of discussion. But it is best always 
to take men as we find them, and not to believe that 
they will be different even if a kindly feeling, first for 
ourselves and afterwards for them, should make us 
desire to change them. Let us rather judge from the 
past and from the present than take flights, unguided 
by experience, into the imaginary regions of the 
future. What do we find has been, and is, the ten- 
dency of the peoples of this continent? Does noi 
history show, and do not modern and existing ten- 
dencies declare, that the lines of cleavage among them 
lie along the lines of latitude? Men spread from east 
to west, and from east to west the political lines, 
which mean the lines of diversity, extend. The 
central spaces are, and will be yet more, the great 
centres of population. Can it be imagined that the 
vast central hives of men will aliow the eastern or 
western seaboard people to come between them with 
separate empire, and shut them out in any degree 
from full and free intercourse with the markets of the 


our south- 
ored by us, 
ect material 
t that our 
Oo us so fast 
as, and the 
be deplored 
y show that 
seful though 
arties ; and, 
amusement 
best always 
believe that 
ling, first for 
ld make us 
lge from the 
s, unguided 
ions of the 
is, the ten- 
Does nov 
existing ten- 
among them 
rad from east 
litical lines, 
tend. The 
e, the great 
ned that the 
e eastern or 
n them with 
any degree 
arkets of the 


WINNIPEG, 17882. 295 


world beyond them? Along the lines of longitude no 
such tendencies of division exist. The markets of 
the North Pole are not as yet productive, and with 
South America commerce is comparatively small. 
The safest conclusion, if conclusions are to be drawn 
at all, is that what has hitherto been, will, in the nature 
of things, continue,—that whatever separations exist 
will be marked by zones of latitude. For other 
evidence we must search in vain. Our county 
councils, the municipal corporations, the local pro- 
vincial chambers, the central Dominion Parliament, 
and last not least, a perfectly unfettered press, are all 
free channels for the expression of the feelings of our 
citizens. Why is it that in each and all of these 
reflectors of the thoughts of men, we see nothing but 
determination to keep and develop the precious heri- 
tage we have in our own constitution, so capable of any 
development which the people may desire. (Cheers.) 
Let us hear Canadians if we wish to speak for them. 
These public bodies and the public press are the 
mouthpieces of the people’s mind. Let us not say 
for them what they never say for themselves. Itis no 
intentional misrepresentation, I believe, which has pro- 
duced these curious examples of the fact that indivi- 
dual prepossessions may distort public proof. It re- 
minds me of an interpretation once said to have been 
given by a bad interpreter of a speech delivered by a 
savage warrior, who, in a very dignified and extremely 
lengthy discourse, expressed the contentment of his 
tribe with the order and with the good which had been 
introduced amongst them by the law of the white man. 


Sr pier aa meager ny rminctvansent carne ictreanan” ae 


296 WINNIPEG, 7882. 


His speech was long enough fully to impress with its 
meaning and its truth all who took pains te listen to 
him, and who could understand his language, but the 
interpreter had unfortunately different ideas of his own, 
and was displeased with his own individual treatment. 
When at last he was asked what the chief and his 
council had said in their eloquent orations, he turned 
round and only exclaimed,—‘‘ He dam displeased !” 
(Great laughter.) And what did his councillors say ? 
‘They dam displeased !” (Roars of laughter.) No, 
gentlemen, let each man in public or literary life in 
both nations do all that in him lies to cement their 
friendship, so essential for their mutual welfare. But 
this cannot be cemented by the publication of vain 
vaticinations. ‘This great part of our great Empire 
has a natural and warm feeling for our republican 
brethren, whose fathers parted from us a century ago 
in anger and bloodshed. May this natural affection 
never die. It is like the love which is borne bya 
younger brother to an elder, so long as the big brother 
behaves handsomely and kindly. I may possibly know 
something of the nature of such affection, for as the 
eldest of a round dozen, I have had experience of the 
fraternal relation as exhibited by an unusual number 
of younger brothers. Never have I known that 
fraternal tie to fail, but even its strength has its natural 
limit, so Canada’s affection may be measured. None 
of my younger brothers, however fond of me, would 
voluntarily ask that his prospects should be altogether 
overshadowed and swallowed up by mine. So Canada, 
if I may express her feelings in words which our neigh- 


‘ss with its 
© listen to 
xe, but the 
of his own, 
treatment. 
ef and his 
he turned 
spleased !” 
cillors say? 
ater.) No, 
rary life in 
ement their 
lfare. But 
ion of vain 
eat Empire 
republican 
century ago 
al affection 
borne by a 
+ big brother 
pssibly know 
, for as the 
Hence of the 
ual number 
known that 
hs its natural 
red. None 
me, would 
be altogether 
So Canada, 
h our neigh- 


WINNIPEG, 7881. 297 


bours understand, wishes to be their friend, but does 
not desire to become their food. She rejoices in the 
big brother’s strength and status, but is not anxious to 
nourish it by offering up her own body in order that it 
may afford him, when over-hungry, that happy festival 
he is in the habit of calling a “square meal.” (Loud 
laughter.) I must ask you now once more to allow me, 
gentlemen, to express my acknowledgments to you for 
this entertainment. It affords another indication of the 
feelings with which the citizens of Winnipeg regard any 
person who has the honour, as the head of the Canadian 
Government, to represent the Queen—(cheers) —you 
recognise in the Governor-General the sign and symbol 
of the union which binds together in one the free and 
kindred peoples whom God has set over famous isles 
and over fertile spaces of mighty continents. I have 
touched, in speaking to you, on certain vaticinations 
and certain advice given by a few good strangers to 
Canadians on the subject of the future of Canada. 
Gentlemen, I believe that Canadians are well able to 
take care themselves of their future, and the outside 
world had better listen to them instead of promulgating 
weak and ~-ild theories of its own. (Loud applause.) 
But however uncertain, and I may add, foolish may 
be such forecasts, of one thing we may be sure, which 
is this, that the country you call Canada, and which 
your sons and your children’s children will be proud 
to know by that name, is a land which will be a land 
of power among the nations. (Cheers.) Mistress of 
a zone of territory favourable for the maintenance of 
a numerous and homogeneous white population, 


298 WINNIPEG, 188r 


Canada must, to judge from the increase in her 
strength during the past, and from the many and vast 
opportunities for the growth of that strength on her 
new Provinces in the future, be great and worthy her 
position on the earth. Affording the best and safest 
highway between Asia and Europe, she will see traffic 
from both directed to her coasts. With a hand upon 
either ocean she will gather from each for the benefit 
of her hardy millions a large share of the commerce 
of the worid. To the east and to the west she will 
pour forth of her abundance, her treasures of food and 
the riches of her mines and of her forests, demanded 
of her by the less fortunate of mankind. I esteem 
those men favoured indeed, who, in however slight a 
degree, have had the honour, or may be yet called upon 
to take part in the councils of the statesmen who, in 
this early era of ner history, are moulding this nation’s 
laws in the forms approved by its representatives. 
For me, I feel that I can be ambitious of no higher 
title than to be known as one who administered its 
Government in thorough sympathy with the hopes and 
aspirations of its first founders, and in perfect conso- 
nance with the will of its free parliament. (Cheers.) 
I ask for no better lot than to be remembered by its 
people as rejoicing in the gladness born of their 
incependence and of their loyalty. I desire no other 
reputation than that which may belong to him who 
. sees his own dearest wishes in process of fulfilment, in 
their certain progress, in their undisturbed peace, and 
in their ripening grandeur. (Cheers.) 


se in her 
y and vast 
th on her 
worthy her 
and safest 
| see traffic 
hand upon 
the benefit 
commerce 
ast she will 
of food and 
demanded 
I esteem 
ver slight a 
called upon 
1en who, In 
his nation’s 
esentatives. 
f no higher 
nistered its 
e hopes and 
rfect conso- 
(Cheers. ) 
bered by its 
yn of their 
ire no other 
o him who 
lfilment, in 
1 peace, and 


WINNIPEG, 12882. 


A Monsieur le Président et Messieurs les Membres de 1’Association 
de St. Jean Baptiste de Manitoba, 

Messieurs,—J’ai V’honneur de vous remercier au 
nom de sa majesté des sentiments de loyauté que vous 
venez d’exprimer. 

C’est pour moi un plaisir d’entendre exprimer des 
sentiments de dévouement au tréne, de quelque race 
quwils proviennent, soit de la bouche de Canadiens- 
francais, d’Anglais, d’Ecossais, de Canadiens-irlan- 
dais ou de Canadiens d'origine quelconque. 

Les gloires de chaque race aujourd’hui représentée 
au Manitoba se ccr‘ondent dans la gloire commune 
de la nation Canadienne. Que chacune d’elles conserve 
précieusement ses associations historiques! Elles sont 
en effet autant de motifs d’encouragement 4 travailier a 
augmenter la force et la valeur de la nation entiére, une 
et indivisible. A l’avenir, votre rivalité ne consistera 
que dans la sainte rivalité de votre dévouement a | Dieu 
et au grand pays qu'il vous a octroyé dans notre puis- 
sance du Canada. 

C’est 4 un Canadien-francais que revient la gloire 
d’avoir le premier exploré notre pays. Qu’il revienne 
aux descendants de cette race de cimenter leur union 
avec nos diverses races, et de leur donner ainsi de la 
force. Un Canadien-frangais me disait tout derniére- 
ment a Québec: “Ma famille a souvent versé de son 
sang en combattant les Anglais.” Je lui répondis: 
‘“‘Qui, monsieur, et ma propre famille en a versé 
encore bien plus en les combattant, car nous les avons 
combattus pendant plus de trois siécles.” L’histoire 


malipennieatiger eric 


30¢ WINNIPEG, 1881. 


de vos ancétres est aussi glorieuse que celle de l’Ecosse 
ou de l’Angleterre. 

L’accueil que vous me faites comme chef du gou- 
vernement fédéral et comme représentant sa majesté 
la reine, me convainc que le jour de la St. Jean 
Baptiste est célebré par vous comme le sont les 
fetes de St. Georges, St. André et St. Patrice. Ce 
sera une féte qui célébrera en méme temps les tradi- 
tions de la race, de la foi, et l’inconquérable résolu- 
tion d’affermir notre population dans une fraternité 
chrétienne et une nationalité animée de sentiments 
chrétiens. 


In reply to the Archbishop of St. Boniface, Winnipeg. 


Monseigneur et Messieurs,—J’ai Phonneur d’accuser 
réception de votre gracieuse adresse, renouvelant 
Yexpression de vos sentiments de loyauté envers la 
couronne, et de vous assurer que j’en apprécie la 
sincérité du fond de mon cceur. 

Son éloquence exprime, en termes qui prennent 
leur source dans le coeur, le devoir qui a été enseigné 
et pratiqué parmi vous, par des prédicateurs éloquents 
et des missionnaires héroiques. 

Vos paroles remarquables seront transmises a la 
reine. ‘Tout récemment encore, sa majesté me faisait 
part du plaisir qu’élle avait ressenti, en prenant con- 
naissance des paroles prononcées par des hommes 
distingués de la province de Québec, lors de |’érection 
du monument a la mémoire du Colonel de Salaberry. 

Ce monument, digne de l’art canadien, a été érigé 
en Vhonneur d’un des enfants les plus illustres du 


. Ecosse 


' du gou- 
1 majesté 
St. Jean 
sont les 
rice. Ce 
les tradi- 
le résolu- 
fraternité 
sentiments 


nipeg. 

- d’accuser 

>nouvelant 
envers la 
pprécie la 


prennent 
é enseigné 
5 €loquents 


mises a la 
t me faisait 
enant con- 
s hommes 
e ’érection 
Salaberry. 
a été érigé 
llustres du 


WINNIPEG, 7881. 301 


Canada. Doué d’une force physique qui aurait fait 
envi aux preux Paladins de Roncevaux, le Colonel 
de Salaberry mit toute son énergie et sa force au ser- 
vice de son pays, et contribua 4 repousser l’ennemi 
qui menacait Vintégrité de Empire Britannique en 
attaquant le Canada. 

Permettez-moi de vous remercier aussi de tout mon 
cceur de ce que vous avez dit a l’égard de la Princesse, 
qui espere étre de retour au Canada a la fin d’octobre. 
Jaurais voulu qu’elle efit pu prendre part a la réception 
qui m’est faite & St. Boniface. Non seulement cette 
réception me cause une vive satisfaction, mais elle 
mn inspire le plus grand intérét. 

St. Boniface est le berceau de ce Canada plus grand 
que l’ancien. Sous les auspices de l’Eglise, les Cana- 
diens-frangais sont venus ici et ont fondé une com- 
munauté heureuse et prospere. Leurs compatriotes 
des provinces de l’est peuvent étre certains que, sous 
les mémes auspices, leurs enfants trouveront ici les 
mémes bienfaits de l'éducation qui les guidera dans la 
vie. 

De nombreux Canadiens quittent la province de 
Québec pour se diriger vers le sud; ils abandonnent 
la vie saine des champs, et le bonheur de vivre avec 
leurs compatriotes pour la vie malsaine des manufac- 
tures sur la terre étrangére. Un certain nombre 
d’entre eux songent a rentrer au pays apres des an- 
nées d’absence, mais il leur serait incomparablement 
plus avantageux, a tous, de se diriger, de suite, vers 
les plaines du Nord-Ouest Canadien, ow la fertilité du 
sol leur assurerait un avenir facile. 


ARR Ym nrte sO tn Ney Sab 
SG Patberyhysisp ena ering as 
dip gd agape y i : 
iy’ SAU et ea ‘ 


Steak dice ttle sta flieedameaicontan tan ct igametreeiteritie tees 


302 WINNIPEG, 7882. 


J’ai rencontré sur la ligne du chemin de fer, prés 
du Portage du Rat, plusieurs de vos compatriotes qui 
sont occupés a l’achévement de cette grande et im- 
portante ceuvre nationale. Tous m’ont donné 4a en- 
tendre quils avaient écrit 4 leurs amis, pour leur 
conseiller de venir s’établir 4 Manitoba. [Ils ajou- 
taient que, quant & eux-mémes, leur unique but était 
de se procurer des terrains dans cette nouvelle et fer- 
tile province. 

Je remercie votre grandeur et vous messieurs du 
clergé de St. Boniface, de l’accueil si bienveillant que 
vous me faites; je me compte, volontiers, au premier 
rang de ceux qui se plaisent 4 reconnaitre le prix du 
précieux élément fourni 4 notre population par la race 
Gauloise. 


An address having been presented by the Board of Management 
of the Manitoba College, the following was His Excellency’s 


reply: 


To THE MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF MANAGEMENT 
OF THE MANITOBA COLLEGE :—Gentlemen,—Let me 
thank you for your welcome. ‘The wise experiment 
made in your confederation of colleges has been 
watched by all who take an interest in education. It 
has made Manitoba as famous among men of thought 
as its wheat and other produce have rendered it well 
known among men interested in agriculture. 

Your example will probably be followed in the older 
Provinces, for where universities are not generally 
supported by the various denominations, and these 
separate themselves too definitely, it is difficult to 


fer, pres 
otes qui 
> et im- 
1é a en- 
yur leur 
‘Is ajou- 
but était 
e et fer- 


ieurs du 
lant que 
premier 
prix du 
r la race 


anagement 
xcellency’s 


\GEMENT 
Let me 
periment 
as been 
ion. It 
thought 
d it well 


he older 
penerally 
d these 
ficult to 


WINNIPEG, 7881. 303 


secure that large number of students, which it is neces- 
sary to have, if a university is to attract the best men. 

It was at a College in Ontario such as this that I 
first saw in practice that wise toleration and determina- 
tion to unite for the common good whieh has guided 
you. I saw there the clergy ofall denominations uniting 
in prayer, at a ceremony such as the present, celebrating 
the erection of new buildings for a college, free to 
all, but under Presbyterian direction. The same en- 
lightened feeling has prevailed in the west, where, 
having a free course, you have instituted a university 
to which all colleges are affiliated. 

Where States are ancient and the habits of men 
settled deep in old grooves, the efforts made by an indi- 
vidual and the movement of thought, may have} but 
little apparent effect. Hearts may be broken over 
seemingly useless work, for the ways of the people 
are formed and custom precludes change. Here in a 
new land, with a people spreading everywhere over the 
country whose value has only so lately been realised, 
you enjoy the more fortunate lot of being able to trace 
for the communities the outlines of their future life. 
It is this which makes these first steps ot such incalcu- 
lable importance. Each touch you give will give shape 
and form and make a lasting impression, and your 
hands labour at no hard and inductile mass. 

It is a real satisfaction to me that I am able to be 
present at a meeting which marks a fresh advance in 
the status of a college organised in connection with 
the University of Manitoba, and I thank you for the 
invitation you have given me. 


4 


she: Bing, theese oa > 


304 MONTANA, 7881. 


Not even the constant exhibition of huge roots, tall 
heads of wheat, and gigantic potatoes and monster 
onions at the fairs in the eastern Provinces can do 
more to make Manitoba a temptation to settlers, than 
the proof you afford that their children shall be 
thoroughly educated by men belonging to the churches 
of which they are members, and in sympathy with 
their desires and hopes. 

Where civil government is so perfect, where re- 
ligious instruction and toleration are so well taught, 
and where education is prized even above the won- 
derful material prosperity guaranteed by the rich 
plains around you, men may be certain that they can 
choose no fairer land for themselves and for their 
children. 


Before leaving Fort Shaw, Montana, September 1881, the members 
of the Mounted Police, who had accompanied the party for seven 
weeks, were paraded under command of Major Crozier, at His 
Excellency’s request, who in bidding them farewell said :— 


Officers, non-commissioned officers and men,—Our 
long march is over, and truly sorry we feel that it is so. 
I am glad that its last scene is to take place in this 
American fort where we have been so courteously and 
hospitably received. That good fellowship which exists 
between soldiers is always to the fullest extent shown 
between you and our kind friends. This perfect un- 
derstanding is to be expected, for both our Empires, 
unlike some others, send out to their distant frontier 
posts not their worst, but some of their very best men. 


roots, tall 
1 monster 
es can do 
tlers, than 
. shall be 
e churches 
pathy with 


where re- 
rell taught, 
e the won- 
y the rich 
at they can 
d for their 


, the members 
party for seven 
‘rozier, at His 
Pll said :-— 


men,—Our 
that it is so. 
lace in this 
teously and 
vhich exists 
‘tent shown 
perfect un- 
ir Empires, 
ant frontier 
y best men. 


MONTANA, 7882. 305 


I have asked for this parade this morning to take leave 
of you, and to express my entire satisfaction at the 
manner in which your duties have been performed. 
You have been subject to some searching criticism, 
for on my staff are officers who have served in the 
cavalry, artillery, and infantry. Their unanimous 
verdict is to the effect that they have never seen work 
better, more willingly, or more smartly done while 
under circumstances of some difficulty caused by bad 
weather or otherwise. Your appearance on parade 
was always as clean and bright and _ soldier-like as 
nossible. Your force is often spoken of in Canada 
as one of which Canada is justly proud. It is well 
that this pride is so fully justified, for your duties are 
most important and varied. You must always act as 
guardians of the peace. There may be occasions also 
in which you may have to act as soldiers, and some- 
times in dealing with our Indian fellow-subjects you 
may have to show the mingled prudence, kindness, 
and firmness which constitute a diplomat. You have, 
with a force at present only 250* strong, to keep order 
in a country whose fertile, .wheat-growing area is 
reckoned about 250 million of acres. The perfect 
confidence in the maintenance of the authority of the 
law prevailing over these vast territories, a confidence 
most necessary with the settlement now proceeding, 
show how thoroughly you have done your work. It will 
be with the greatest pleasure that I shall convey to the 
Prime Minister my appreciation of your services, and 


* The numter of the North West Mounted Police was raised 
in 1882 to 500 men. 


U 


306 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA, 17882. 


the satisfaction we have all had in having you with us 
as our “scort and companions throughout the journey. 


A Society was founded by Loid Lorne, in 1882, for the encourage- 
ment of Science and Literature Divided into sections, it was 
designed to furnish to Canada whet the French Academy and 
the British Association give to Great bi.tain, At its first meet- 
ing, which took place in the Senate Chamber, he opened the 
proceedings with these remarks :— 


Gentlemen,—-These few words I do not address to 
you, presuming to call myself one of your brotherhood, 
either in science or literature, but I speak to you as 
one whose accidental official position may enable him 
to serve you, persuaded as I am that the furtherance 
of your interests is for the benefit and honour of 
Canada. Let me briefly state the object aimed at 
in the institution of this society. Whether it be 
possible that our hopes be fulfilled according to our 
expectation the near future will show. But from 
the success which has attended similar associations in 
other lands possessed of less spirit, energy, and oppor- 
tunity than our own, there is no reason to augur ill 
of the attempt to have here a body of men whose 
achievements may entitle them to recognise and en- 
courage the appearance of merit in literature, and to 
lead in science and the useful application of its dis- 
coveries. It is proposed, then, that this society shall 
consist of a certain number of members who have 
made their mark by their writings, whether these be 
of imagination or the study of nature. In one divi- 
sion our fellow-countrymen, descended from the 


82. 


ou with us 
le journey. 


le encourage- 
-ctions, it was 
Academy and 
its first meet- 
e opened the 


address to 
otherhood, 
© to you as 
enable him 
furtherance 
honour of 
t aimed at 
ther it be 
ing to our 
But from 
ociations in 
and oppor- 
o augur ill 
men whose 
ise and en- 
ure, and to 
1 of its dis- 
society shall 
5 who have 
er these be 
n one divi- 

from the 


ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA, 17882. 307 


stock of old France, will discuss with that grace of 
diction and appreciation of talent, which is so con- 
spicuous amongst them, all that may affect their 
literature and the maintenance of the purity of that 
grand language from which the English is largely 
derived. They well know how to pay compliments 
to rising authors, and how with tact and courtesy to 
crown the aspirants to the honours they will bestow. 
Among Englishmen of letters the grant of such formal 
marks of recognition by their brethren has not as yet 
become popular or usual, and it may be that it never 
will become a custom. On the other hand, it surely 
will be a pleasure to a young author, if, after a perusal 
of his thoughts, they who are his co-workers and 
successful precursors in the wide domain of poetry, 
fiction, or of history, should see fit to award him an 
expression of thanks for his contribution to the intel- 
lectual delight or to the knowledge of his time. They 
only, whose labours have met with the best reward— 
the praise of their contemporaries—can take the ini- 
tiative in such a welcome to younger men, and what- 
ever number may hereafter be elected to this society, 
it is to be desired that no man be upon its lists who 
has not by some original and complete work justified 
his selection. The meeting together of our eminent 
men will contribute to unite on a common ground 
those best able to express the thoughts and illustrate 
the history of the time. It will serve to strengthen 
emulation among us, for the discussion of progress 
made in other lands, will breed the desire to push 
ihe intellectual development of our own. We may 


308 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA, 17882. 
hope that this union will promote the completion of 
the national collections which, already fairly repre- 
sentative in geology, may hereafter include archives, 
paintings, and objects illustrating ethnology and all 
branches of Natural History. In science we have 
men whose names are widely known, and the vast 
field for study and exploration afforded by this mag- 
nificent country may be expected to reward, by valu- 
able discoveries, the labours of the geologist and 
mineralogist. It would be out of place in these 
few sentences to detail the lines of research which 
have already engaged your attention. They will be 
spoken of in the record of your proceedings. Among 
those, the utility of which must be apparent to all, 
one may be particularly mentioned. I refer to the 
meteorological observations, from which have been 
derived the storm warnings which during the last 
few years have saved many lives. A comparatively 
new science has thus been productive of results 
known to all our population and especially to sea- 
men. Here I have only touched upon one or two 
subjects in the wide range of study which will occupy 
the time and thoughts of one half of your member- 
ship, devoted as two of your four sections will be to 
geological and biological sciences. It will be your 
province to aid and encourage the workers in their 
acquisition of knowledge of that nature, each of whose 
secrets may become the prize of him who shall make 
one of her mysteries the special subject of thought. 
America already bids fair to rival France and Germany 
in the number of her experts. Canada may certainly 


pletion of 
rly repre- 
archives, 
y and all 
we have 
the vast 
this mag- 
» by valu- 
ogist and 
in these 
ch which 
ey will be 

Among 
ant to all, 
fer to the 
aave been 

the last 
)paratively 
of results 
ly to sea- 
e or two 
ill occupy 
member- 
will be to 
1 be your 
s in their 

of whose 
shall make 
f thought. 
i Germany 
y certainly 


ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA, 17882. 309 


have her share in producing those men whose achieve- 
ments in science have more than equalled in fame the 
triumphs of statesmen. These last labour only for 
one country, while the benefits of the discoveries of 
science are shared by tke world. But widely diffe- 
rent as are the qualities which develop patriotism and 
promote science, yet I would call to the aid of our 
young association the love of country, and ask Cana- 
dians to support and gradually to make as perfect as 
possible this their national society. Imperfections 
there must necessarily be at first in its constitution— 
omissions in membership and organisation there may 
be. Such faults may hereafter be avoided. Our 
countrymen will recognise that in a body of gentle- 
men drawn from all our provinces and conspicuous 
for their ability, there will be a centre around which 
to rally. They will see that the welfare and strength 
of growth of this association shall be impeded by no 
small jealousies, no carping spirit of detraction, but 
shall be nourished by a noble motive common to the 
citizens of the republic of letters and to the student of 
the free world of Nature, namely : the desire to prove 
that their land is not insensible to the glory which 
springs from numbering among its sons those whose 
success becomes the heritage of mankind. I shall not 
now further occupy your time, which will be more 
worthily used in listening to the addresses of the pre- 
sidents and of those gentlemen who for this year have 
consented to take the chair at the meetings of the 
several sections. 


att 


perm everett ro errr 
alata ete Re TollSG Wart aed Wierda ak nd Met et 


310 SAN FRANCISCO, 17882. 


At San Francisco, in 1882, the following reply was given to the 
British Residents :— 


Gentlemen,—Our heartfelt thanks are due to you 
for the welcome given to us, a welcome whose expres- 
sion is embodied in this beautifully decorated address. 
It echoes the loyal sentiments which remain predomi- 
nant among those, who, wherever their business may 
cause them to reside, remember that they have been 
born under our British freedom. We shall gladly 
keep our gift in recollection of a visit to one of 
America’s foremost cities, where the kindly feelings 
of our cousins have been shown in the generous hos- 
pitality which they are ever ready to extend to the 
stranger. With you whose interests are bound up 
with the greatness of California, and with the gigantic 
trade of the United States, we can cordially sym- 
pathise. Connected as we are for a time with the 
fortunes of the sister land of Canada, we know how 
much the welfare of the one country is affected by 
the good of the other; how the evil that falls on one 
must affect the other also. Our blood makes us 
brotiiers, and our interests make us partners. Our 
governments are engaged in the same task, and from 
experience there is no reason to think otherwise than 
that they will be allowed to work in that perfect har- 
mony which is essential for their peace and for the 
peace of the world. They are arching the continent 
with two zones of civilisation ; with light, not of one 
colour, but equally replacing the former darkness, and 
the harmony between them is as natural asist’ rela 


piven to the 


due to you 
ose expres- 
ed address. 
n predomi- 
isiness may 
have been 
hall gladly 
to one of 
dly feelings 
nerous hos- 
rend to the 
bound up 
the gigantic 
dially sym- 
ne with the 
know how 
affected by 
falls on one 
l makes us 
tners. Our 
k, and from 
erwise than 
perfect har- 
and for the 
e continent 
, not of one 
arkness, and 
sist’ rela 


VICTORIA, 7882. 311 


] 


tion in the rainbow of the separate hues of red and 
azure. Your presence here shows how our commerce 
is interwoven. In crossing the continent and marvel- 
ling at the wealth and power shown by every city of 
this mighty people, it is a pride to think how much of 
all they have is theirs by virtue of British and Irish 
blood ; and when here and at New York, we reach 
the ports supplying this vast population, we find in 
the flags borne by the shipping, proof that it is still 
the old country that in the main ministers to and is 
benefited by the progress of her children, 


At Victoria, in British Columbia, in 1882, at a public dinner in 

his honour, the Governor-General said :— 

Mr. Mayor and Council,—It is, I assure you, with 
more than common feelings of gratitude that I rise to 
ask you to accept my acknowledgments and thanks 
for this evening’s entertainment. The reception the 
Princess and I have met with in Victoria, and through- 
out British Columbia, will long live in our memory 
as one of the brightest episodes of a time which has 
been made delightful to us by the heartfelt loyalty of 
the people of our Canadian provinces. Nowhere has 
the contentment insured by British institutions been 
more strongly expressed than on these beautiful shores 
of the Pacific. I am rejoiced to observe signs that 
the days are now passed when we had to look upon 
this community as one too remote and too sundered 
from the rest to share to the full the rapid increase of 
prosperity which has been so remarkable since the 
Union. Attracted at first by the capricious tempta- 


312 VICTORIA, 17882. 


tions of the gold mines, your valleys were inundated 
by a large population. It was not to be anticipated 
that this could last, and although population declined 
with the temporary decrease of mining, it is evident 
that the period of depression in this, as in every other 
matter, has been passed. (Applause.) I have every- 
where seen signs that a more stable, and therefore 
more satisfactory, emigration has set in. Victoria has 
made of late a decided start. I visited with much 
pleasure many of the factories which witness to this, 
and I hope before I leave to have made a still 
more exhaustive examination of the establishments 
which are rapidly rising among you. ‘That the wares 
produced by these are appreciated beyond the limits of 
the city is very evident throughout the Province, where 
cleanliness is insured by Victoria soap, and comfort, 
or at least contentment and consolation, by Kurtz’s 
Victoria cigars. (Loud laughter and applause.) No 
words can be too strong to express the charm of this de- 
lightful land, where a climate softer and more constant 
than that of the south of England ensures at all times 
of the year a full enjoyment of the wonderful loveliness 
of nature around you. There is no doubt that any 
Canadian who visits this island and the mainland 
shores and sees the happiness of the people, the forest 
laden coast, the tranquil gulfs and glorious mountains, 
can but congretulate himself that his country possesses 
scenes of such perfect beauty. (Applause.) We who 
have been much touched by the warmth of your 
welcome will, I am sure, sympathise with the desire 
which will be felt by every travelled Canadian in the 


nundated 
aticipated 
declined 
s evident 
very other 
ive every- 
therefore 
ctoria has 
ith much 
ss to this, 
de a still 
lishments 
the wares 
e limits of 
ice, where 
| comfort, 
y Kurtz’s 
se.) No 
of this de- 
e constant 
all times 
loveliness 
that any 
mainland 
the forest 
nountains, 
possesses 
We who 
of your 
he desire 
an in the 


VICTORIA, 7882. 313 


future, that every alternate year at least the Dominion 
Parliament should meet at New Westminster, Nanaimo, 
orin Victoria. (Laughter and applause.) Where men 
seem to live with such comfort, regret will inevitably 
arise that you have as yet so few to share your good 
fortune. Though your contribution to the revenue is 
at least a million dollars, there are only twenty thou- 
sand white men over the three hundred and fifty 
thousand square miles of Province. Various causes, 
the most formidable of these being physical, have 
hitherto contributed to this, The physical difficulties, 
tremendous as they are, are being rapidly conquered. 
There 1s no cause why any of a different character 
should not be surmounted with an equal success. 
What is wanted to effect this object is only cordial 
co-operation with the central Government. (Cheers.) 
There was perhaps a time when the Governor-General 
would not have been regarded, in his official capacity 
at all events, with as much favour as I flatter myself 
may now be the case. (Applause.) No wonder that 
the feeling is changed, now that the circumstances 
are better understood, for 1 challenge any one to 
mention any example in which a government, ruling 
over a comparatively small population of four anda 
half millions, has ever done as much as has the Cana- 
dian Government to insure for its furthest Provinces 
the railway communication which is an essential for the 
development of the resources of the land. (Cheering.) 
Mr. Francis* will back me, I am certain, when I say 
that the United States, with a population of fifteen or 
* The United States Consui. 


314 VICTORIA, 7882. 


twenty miliions, when California was first settled in 
1849, did not push the railway through to the Pacific 
Coast in the vigorous manner in which the Canadian 
Government is now doing. (Loud cheers.) I have 
full confidence that you will see that policy of enter- 
prise and of justice nobly carried out. Early promises, 
if made too hastily, showed that if there was profound 
ignorance of the physical geography of your country, 
there was at all events profound goodwill. Later 
events have proved that in spite of all obstacles 
‘“‘where there is a will there is a way.” Pride in 
national feeling has made the country strain every 
nerve to bind still further with the sentiment of con- 
fidence the unity of the Confederation. (Applause.) 
Where is now the old talk which we used to hear from 
a few of the faint-hearted of a change in destiny or of 
annexation? (Cheers.) It does not exist. To be 
sure, here I have heard some vague terror expressed, 
but it Is a terror which I have heard expressed among 
our friends on the American Pacific Slope also. and it 
is to the effect that annexation must soon take place 
to the Celestial Empire. (Great laughter.) Well, 
gentlemen, I fully sympathise with this fear. None 
of us like to die before our time, but I will suggest to 
you, from the healthy signs and vitality I see around 
me, that your time has not yet come. Your object 
now 1s to live, and for that purpose to get your enter- 
prises and your railways as part of your assets. 
(Applause.) The rest will follow in time, but at the 
present moment we must concern ourselves with 
practical politics. Let us look beyond this Island 


settled in 
the Pacific 
b Canadian 
.) Ihave 
y of enter- 
y promises, 
s profound 
r country, 
ill. Later 
l obstacles 
Pride in 
rain every 
ent of con- 
Applause.) 
») hear from 
stiny or of 
st. To be 
expressed, 
ssed among 
also. and it 
take place 
er.) Well, 
sar. None 
| suggest to 
see around 
‘our object 
your enter- 
our assets. 
but at the 
elves with 
his Island 


VICTORIA, 7882. 315 


and beyond even those difficult mountains, and see 
what our neighbours and friends to the south of us 
are about. An army of workmen—exactly double 
that now employed in this Province—are driving with 
a speed that seems wonderful a railway through to 
the coast. In another year or two a large traffic, en- 
couraged by the competition in freights between it, 
the Central and the Southern Pacific will have been 
acquired. You are, by the very nature of things, 
heavily handicapped here, and a trade, as you know, 
once established is not easily rivalled. Take care 
that you are in the market for this competition at as 
early a day as possible. When you are as rich as 
California, and have as many public works as Queens- 
land, it may be time for you to reconsider your posi- 
tion. There is no reason ultimately to doubt that 
the population attracted to you as soon as you have 
a line through the mountains, will be the population 
which we most desire to have—a people like that of 
the old Imperial Islands, drawn from the strongest 
races of northern Europe,—one that with English, 
American, Irish, German, French and Scandinavian 
blood shall be a worthy son of the old Mother of 
Nations. (Loud applause.) Only last week, in seven 
days, no less than goo people came to San Fran- 
cisco by the overland route from the East. Your 
case will be the same if with “a strong pull anda 
pull altogether” you get your public works com- 
pleted. I have spoken of your being pretty heavily 
handicapped. In saying this, I refer to the agricul- 
tural capabilities of the Province alone. Of course 


316 VICTORIA, 7882. 


you have nothing like the available land that the 
central Provinces possess, yet it seems to me you have 
enough for all the men who are likely to come to you 
for the next few years as farmers or owners of small 
ranches. (Applause.) The climate of the interior for 
at least one hundred miles north of the boundary line 
has a far shorter winter than that of most of Alberta or 
Arthabaska. Losses of crops from early frosts or of 
cattle from severe weather are unknown to the settlers 
of your upper valleys. In these—and I wish there 
were more of these valleys—all garden produce and 
small fruits can be cultivated with the greatest success. 
For men possessing from £200 to £600 a year, I can 
conceive no more attractive occupation than the care 
of cattle or a cereal farm within your borders. (Loud 
applause.) Wherever there is open land, the wheat 
crops rival the best grown elsewhere, while there is 
nowhere any dearth of ample provision of fuel and 
lumber for the winter. (Renewed applause.) As you 
get your colonisation roads pushed and the dykes along 
the Fraser River built, you will have a larger available 
acreage, for there are quiet straths and valleys hidden 
away among the rich forests which would provide com- 
fortable farms. As in the north-west last year, so this 
year I have taken down the evidence of settlers, and 
this has been wonderfully favourable. To say the 
truth, I was rather hunting for grumblers, and found 
only one! He was a young man of super-sensitiveness 
from one of our comfortable Ontario cities, and he 
said he could not bear this country. Anxious to come 
at the truth, and desiring to search to the bottom of 


that the 
you have 
1e to you 
;of small 
iterior for 
dary line 
Alberta or 
ysts or of 
1e settlers 
vish there 
duce and 
st SUCCESS. 
ear, I can 
1 the care 
; (Loud 
the wheat 
> there is 
fuel and 
As you 
kes along 
available 
VS hidden 
ide com- 
hr, so this 
tlers, and 
» say the 
nd found 
bitiveness 
;, and he 
5 to come 
bottom of 


VICTORIA, 1882. 317 


things, we pressed him as to the reason. ‘Did he 
know of any cases of misery? Had he found starv- 
ing settlers?” The reply was re-assuring, for he said, 
“No; but I don’t like it. Nobody in this country 
walks ; everybody rides!” (Laughter.) You will be 
happy to hear that he is going back to Ontario. Let 
me now allude, in a very few words, to those points 
which may be mentioned as giving you exceptional 
advantages. If you are handicapped in the matter of 
land in comparison with the Provinces of the Plains, 
you are certainly not so with regard to climate. 
(Cheering.) Agreeable as I think the steady and dry 
cold of an Eastern winter, yet there are very many 
who would undoubtedly prefer the temperature enjoyed 
by those who live west of the mountains. Even where 
it is coldest, spring comes in February, and the country 
is so divided into districts of greater dryness or greater 
moisture, that a man can always choose whether to 
have a rainfall small or great. I hope I am not 
wearying you in dwelling on these points, for my 
only excuse in making these observations is, that I 
have learnt that the interior is to many on the island 
as much a ferra incognita as it was to me. I can 
partly understand this after seeing the beautifully en- 
gineered road which was constructed by Mr. Trutch, 
for although I am assured it is as safe as a church— 
(laughter)—I can very well understand that it is plea- 
santer for many of the ladies to remain in this beautiful 
island than to admire the grandeur of the scenery in 
the gorges. As you have adopted protection in your 
politics, perhapsit would not be presumptuous in me to 


318 VICTORIA, 7882. 


suggest that you should adopt protection also in regard 
to your precipices—(great laughter)—and that should 
the waggon road be continued in use, a few Douglas 
firs might be sacrificed to make even more perfect that 
excellent road in providing protection at the sides. 
Besides the climate, which is so greatly in your favour, 
you have another great advantage in the tractability 
and good conduct of the Indian population. /(Ap- 
plause.) I believe I have seen the Indians of almost 
every tribe throughout the Dominion, and nowhere can 
you find any who are so trustworthy in regard to con- 
duct—(hear, hear)—so willing to assist the white settlers 
by their labour, so independent and anxious to learn 
the secret of the white man’s power. (Applause.) 
Where elsewhere constant demands are met for assist- 
ance; your Indians have never asked for any, for in 
the interviews given to the Chiefs their whole desire 
seemed to be for schools and schoolmasters, and in 
reply to questions as to whether they would assist 
themselves in securing such institutions, they invari- 
ably replied that they would be glad to pay for them. 
(Loud applause.) It is certainly much to be desired 
that someof the funds apportioned for Indian purposes, 
be given to provide them fully with schools in which 
Industrial Education may form an important item. 
(Hear, hear.) But we must not do injustice to the 
wilder tribes. Their case is totally different from that 
of your Indians. The buffalo was everything to the 
nomad. It gave him house, fuel, clothes, and thread. 
The disappearance of this animal left him starving. 
Here, on the contrary, the advent of the white men 


in regard 
it should 
- Douglas 
rfect that 
the sides. 
ur favour, 
ractability 
on. (Ap- 
of almost 
ywhere can 
rd to con- 
1ite settlers 
is to learn 
Applause. ) 
- for assist- 
any, for in 
role desire 
ers, and in 
ould assist 
hey invari- 
y for them. 
be desired 
m purposes, 
s in which 
rtant item. 
tice to the 
nt from that 
hing to the 
and thread. 
starving. 
white men 


VICTORIA, 17882. 319 


3 


has never diminished the food supply of the native. 
He has game in abundance, for the deer are as 
numerous now as they ever have been. He has more 
fish than he knows what to do with, and the lessons in 
farming that you have taught him have given hima 
source of food supply of which he was previously 
ignorant. Throughout the interior it will probably 
pay well in the future to have flocks of sheep. The 
demand for wool and woollen goods will always be very 
large among the people now crowding in such numbers 
to those regions which our official world as yet calls 
the North-West, but which is the North-East and East 
to you. There is no reason why British Columbia 
should not be for this dortion of our territory what 
California is to the Staves in the supply afforded of 
fruits. (Hear, hear.) The perfection attained by 
small fruits is unrivalled, and it is only with the 
Peninsula of Ontario that you would have to compete 
for the supplies of grapes, peaches, pears, apples 
cherries, plums, apricots, and currants. Every sie 
in these wonderful forests which so amply and gene- 
rously clothe the Sierras from the Cascade range to 
the distant Rocky mountains, will be of value as cane 
munication opens up. The great arch of timber lands 
beginning on the west of Lake Manitoba, circles round 
to Edmonton and comes down along the mountains so 
as to include the whole of your Province. Poplar 
alone for many years must be the staple wood of the 
lands to the south of the Saskatchewan, and your 
great opportunity lies in this, that you can give the 
settlers of the whole of that region as much of the 


320 VICTORIA, 7882. 


finest timber in the world as they can desire, while 
cordwood cargoes will compete with the coal of 
Alberta. (Loud cheers.) Coming down in our sur- 
vey to the coast we come upon ground familiar to 
you all, and you all know how large a trade already 
exists with China and Australia in wood, and how 
capable of almost indefinite expansion is this com- 
merce. Your forests are hardly tapped, and there are 
plenty more logs, like one I saw cut the other day at 
Burrard Inlet, of forty inches square and ninety and 
one hundred feet in length, down to sticks which 
could be used as props for mines or as cordwood for 
fuel. The business which has assumed such large 
proportions along the Pacific shore of the canning of 
salmon, great as it is, is as yet almost in its infancy, 
for there is many a river swarming with fish from the 
time of the first run of salmon in spring to the last 
run of other varieties in the autumn, on which many a 
cannery is sure to be established. Last, but certainly 
not least in the list of your resources, comes your 
mineral and chiefly your coal treasure. (Applause.) 
The coal from the Nanaimo mines now leads the 
market at San Francisco. Nowhere else in these 
countries is such coal to be found, and it is now being 
worked with an energy which bids fair to make Nan- 
aimo one of the chief mining stations on the continent. 
It is of incalculable importance not only to this Pro- 
vince of the Dominion, but also to the interests of 
the Empire, that our fleets and mercantile marine as 
well as the continental markets should be supplied 
from this source. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) Where 


sire, while 
e coal of 
n our sur- 
familiar to 
de already 
and how 
this com- 
d there are 
ther day at 
ninety and 
icks which 
yrdwood for 
such large 
canning of 
its infancy, 
sh from the 
to the last 
ich many a 
but certainly 
omes your 
(Applause. ) 
v leads the 
se in these 
s now being 
make Nan- 
e continent. 
to this Pro- 
interests of 
e marine as 
be supplied 
s.) Where 


) 


VICTORIA, 7882. 321 


you have so good a list of resources it may be almost 
superfluous to add another, but I would strongly advise 
you to cultivate the attractions held out to the travel- 
ling public by the magnificence of your scenery. 
(Cheers.) Let this country become what Switzer- 
land is for Europe in the matter of good roads to 
places which may be famed for their beauty, and let 
good and clean hotels attract the tourist to visit 
your grand valleys and marvellous mountain ranges. 
Choose some district, and there are many from which 
you can choose, where trout and salmon abound, and 
where sport may be found among the deer and with 
the wild fowl. Select some portion of your territory 
where pines and firs shroud in their greatest richness 
the giant slopes, and swarm upwards to glacier, snow 
field, and craggy peak, and where in the autumn the 
maples seem as though they wished to mimic in hang- 
ing gardens the glowing tints of the lava that must 
have streamed down the precipices of these old vol- 
canoes. (Loud cheering.) Wherever you find these 
beauties in greatest perfection, and where the river 
torrents urge their currents most impetuously through 
the Alpine gorges, there I would counsel you to set 
apart a region which shall be kept as a national park. 
In doing so you can follow the example of our south- 
ern friends,—an example which, I am sure Mr. Francis 
will agree with me, we cannot do better than imitate, 
and you would secure that they who make the round 
trip from New York or Montreal shall return from San 
Francisco, or come thence zza the Canadian Pacific 


Railroad. (Loud and continued applause.) I thought 
‘ 


VICTORIA, 1882. 


it might interest you, gentlemen, this evening to hear 
the last news regarding that Railway, and therefore 
I should like to read to you a letter received only a 
day or two ago from the engineer in chief, Major 
Rogers. You will see he speaks hopefully and as- 
suringly : 

‘‘T have found the desired pass through the Selkirks, 
it lying about twenty miles east of the forks of the Ille- 
cille-want and about two miles north of the main east 
branch of the same. Its elevation above sea level is 
about 4500 feet, or about 1ooo feet lower than the 
pass across the Rockies. The formation of the 
country, from the summits of the Selkirks to the 
Columbia river, has been much misrepresented. In- 
stead of the solid mass of mountain, as reported, there 
are two large valleys lying within these limits. The 
Beaver river, which empties into the Columbia river 
about twenty miles below the Black-berry (or Howse 
Pass route), rises south of the fifty-first parallel (I have 
not seen its source, but have seen its valley for that 
distance), and the Spellamacheen runs nearly parallel 
with the Beaver but in an opposite direction, and lies 
between the Beaver and the Columbia. I have great 
hope of being able to take with me this fall the resuits 
of a preliminary survey of this route. It necessarily 
involves heavy work, as must any short line across the 
mountains, a condition which will be readily accepted 
in consideration of the material shortening of the 
route.” 

This is the last news, and I hope we shall hear of its 
full corroboration before long. I beg, gentlemen, to 


>to hear 
therefore 
-<d only a 
f, Major 
- and as- 


Selkirks, 
f the Ille- 
main east 
a level is 

than the 
n of the 
cs to the 
ited. In- 
rted, there 
its. The 
mbia river 
or Howse 
lel (I have 
by for that 
ly parallel 

, and lies 
have great 
the resuits 
necessarily 

across the 

accepted 
ing of the 


1 hear of its 
tlemen, to 


OTTAWA, 788}. 323 


thank you once more for your exceeding kindness, and 
for all the kindness shown us since our arrival. I have 
always been a firm friend of British Columbia, and I 
hope before I leave the country to see still greater 
progress made towards meeting your wishes. 


At a meeting of the National Rifle Association, held at Ottawa, 
8th March 1883, His Excellency, spoke as follows :— 


I believe all who value those qualities which 
lead to good rifle-shooting—steadiness and sobriety— 
and this means every family in the country, the father 
and mother, as well as the young men belonging to it, 
should give their ten cents or twenty-five cents, as 
they can afford it, to swell the funds of the association. 
As this association thus encourages personal, as well as 
a military training, it merits the support of all classes. 
We know that the amount of personal training 
that is required produces a love of temperance among 
those who attend the meetings of the association, and 
we know that by the military training given, a military 
sentiment is developed, which makes men at least not 
averse to discipline in moderation. It has been 
said by my predecessor, and I agree with the remark, 
that Canada is certainly the most democratic country 
upon the North American continent, but we know 
that although everybody may have been born equal, 
yet that equality suddenly and mysteriously disappears 
as soon as the schoolboy goes upon the school bench, 
or the rifleman goes upon the zifle ground. The 
militiamen of Canada show that a democratic people 


FAA chi eae MIEN va yes Geaceae tite 


324 OTTAWA, 7883. 


do not tolerate unearned superiority, but recognise 
the superiority given by training. I cannot let this 
opportunity pass without saying a last word as to the 
point of view from which I regard the importance of 
militia training in Canada. It is more perhaps from 
the point of view of an Imperial officer than from that 
of a man temporarily holding a Canadian civil appoint- 
ment. There is a certain amount of feeling in this 
country that our whole militia force is a mere matter 
of fuss and feathers, of ‘‘ playing at soldiers” in fact. 
I think that is always a most unfortunate feeling, be- 
cause I cannot say how anxiously in the old country 
those steps are watched by which Canadians _per- 
fect themselves for purposes of self-defence. English- 
men know that in case of any trouble arising, which I 
hope not to see, and do not believe we shall see, they 
are bound and pledged to come to your assistance. 
The question must necessarily be asked, With what 
army are they to operate? with one that will be of real 
assistance, or with one that will have no more cohe- 
sion than that which fell under the organised blows 
of the Prussian army before Orleans? I can always 
point to the efforts made in Canada before my time to 
have an organised system of military training. I can 
point to the grants given by the Government for the 
encouragement of individual and regimental profic!- 
ency in rifle shooting. I can point also to the military 
schools for the militia which are being founded, and 
to the steps which are to be taken that officers shall 
always have some training received from those schools 
before they undertake the responsibility of leading 


ecognise 
let this 
as to the 
tance of 
aps from 
rom that 
appoint- 
gin this 
e matter 
” in fact. 
eling, be- 
1 country 
lans per- 
English- 
y, which I 
| see, they 
ssistance. 
Vith what 
be of real 
hore cohe- 
sed blows 
an always 
ny time to 
g Ican 
nt for the 
al profici- 
e military 
nded, and 
cers shall 
bse schools 
bf leading 


ROYAL SOCIETY, 1883. 325 


their fellow-citizens in the ranks. I can point also to 
that splendid institution, the Military College at King- 
ston, and I can certainly say to the old country 
people, that should any misfortune arise that should 
compel us to operate together, they will in time find 
in Canada officers who will be perfectly able and ready 
to lead men, who from their physical powers and from 
their military sentiments and from their hardihood are 
likely, under proper training and guidance, to form 
some of the best troops in the world, (Loud cheers.) 


_ At the Second Meeting of the Royal Society, at Ottawa, May 
1883, the Governor Genera! said :— 


Mr. President, Mr. Vice-President, and Members 
of the Royal Society of Canada,—When we met last 
year, and formally inaugurated a society for the en- 
couragement of literature and science in Canada, an 
experiment was tried. As with all experiments, its 
possible success was questioned by some who feared 
that the elements necessary for such an organisation 
were lacking. Our meeting of this year assumes a 
character which an inaugural assembly could not 
possess. The position we took in asserting that the 
time had come for the institution of such a union of 
the scientific and literary men of this country has been 
established as good, not only by the honourable name 
accorded to us by Her Majesty, a designation never 
lightly granted, but also by that without which we 
could not stand, namely, the public favour extended 
to our efforts. Parliament has recognised the earnest 


326 ROYAL SUCIETY, 1883. 


purpose and happy co-operation with which you have 
met and worked in unison, knowing that the talents 
exhibited are not those of gold and silver only, and 
has stamped with its approbation your designs by 
voting a sum of money, which in part will defray the 
expense of printing your transactions. And here, in 
speaking of this as a business meeting, I would venture 
to remind you, and all friends of this society through- 
out the country, that the $5000 annually voted by 
the House of Commons will go but a very short way 
in preparing a publication which shall fully represent 
Canada to the foreign scientific bodies of the world. 
We have only to look to the Federal and State Legis- 
latures of America to see what vast sums are annually 
expended in the States for scientific research. We 
see there also how the proceeds of noble endowments. 
are annually utilised for the free dissemination of 
knowledge. It is, therefore, not to be supposed that 
he comparatively small parallel assistance provided 
by any Government can absolve wealthy individuals 
from the patriotic duty of bequeathing or of giving to 
such a national society the funds, without which it 
cannot usefully exist. You will forgive me, as one 
who may be supposed to have a certain amount of 
the traditional economical prudence of his country- 
men, for mentioning one other matter on which, at 
all events, in the meantime, a saving can be effected. 
While it is necessary to have accurate and finely 
executed engravings of beautiful drawings for the 
illustration of scientific papers, it is necessary that the 
printing of the transactions should occasion as little 


rou have 
e talents 
nly, and 
signs by 
efray the 
here, in 
| venture 
through- 
voted by 
hort way 
represent 
1e world. 
ite Legis- 
annually 
‘ch. We 
lowments 
ation of 
psed that 
provided 
dividuals 
giving to 
which it 
>, aS one 
nount of 
country- 
vhich, at 
effected. 
d finely 
for the 
r that the 
as little 


ROYAL SOCIETY, 1883. 327 


cost as possible; and I believe you will find it advis- 
able for the present that each paper shall be printed 
only in that language in which its author has com- 
municated it to the society. Your position is rather 
a peculiar one, for although you work for the benefit 
of the public, it is not to be expected that the public 
can understand all you say when your speech is of 
science in consultation with each other. The public 
will therefore, I trust, be in the positien of those who 
are willing to pay their physicians when they meet in 
consultation, without insisting that every word the 
doctors say to each other shall be repeated in the 
hearing of all men. When funds increase, it seems 
to me that the economy it will probably now be neces- 
sary to exercise in regard to this may be discarded. 

In the sections dealing with literature it is proposed 
to establish a reading committee, whose duty it shall 
be to report on the publications of the year, that our 
thanks may be given to the authors who advance the 
cause of literature among us. To assist in that most 
necessary eriterprise, the formation of a national 
museum, circulars have been addressed by the society 
to men likely to have opportunities for the collection 
of objects of interest, and the Hudson bay Company’s 
officers have been foremost in promoting our wishes. 
The Government is now prepared to house all objects 
sent to the secretary of the Royal Society at Ottawa, 
and contributions for collections of archives, of anti- 
quities, of zoology, and of all things of interest are 
requested. I rejoice, gentlemen, that I have been 
able to be with you now; that a year has elapsed 


328 ROYAL SOCIETY, 788}. 


since our incorporation, as this period allows us in 
some measure to judge of our future prospects. These 
are most encouraging, and the only possible difficulty 
that I can see ahead of you is this: that men may be 

apt to take exception to your membership because it 

is not geographically representative, I would earnestly 

counsel you to hold to your course in this matter. 

A scientific and literary society must remain one 

representing individual eminence, and that individual 

eminence must be recognised if, as it may happen 

accidentally, personal distinction in authorship may 

at any particular moment be the happy possession 
of only one part of the country. A complete work, 
and one recognised for its merit, should remain the 
essential qualification for election to the literary 
sections, and the same test should be applied as far 
as possible to the scientific branches. If men be 
elected simply because they came from such and 
such a college, or if they be elected simply because 
they came from the east, from the west, from the 
north, or from the south, you will get a hetero- 
geneous body together quite unworthy to be com- 
pared with the foreign societies on whose intellectual 
level Canada, as represented by her scientific men 
and authors, must in the future endeavour to stand, 
One wo:1 more on the kindly recognition already 
given to you. In America, in France, and in Britain, 
the birth of the new institution has been hailed with 
joy, and our distinguished president is at this moment 
also a nominated delegate of Britain. An illness we 
deplore has alone prevented the presence of an illus- 


S$ us in 

These 
ifficulty 
may be 
cause it 
arnestly 
matter. 
ain one 
dividual 
happen 
hip may 
yssession 
te work, 
nain the 
literary 
ed as far 
men be 
ch and 
because 
rom the 
hetero- 
pe Com- 
ellectual 
fic men 
o stand, 
already 
Britain, 
led with 


moment 
Iness we 
an illus- 


ROYAL SOCIETY, 188}. 329 


trious member of the Academy of France, and the 
French Government, with an enlightened generosity 
which does it honour, had expressed its wish to 
defray the expenses of the most welcome of ambas- 
sadors. We have the satisfaction of cordially greeting 
an eminent representative of the United States, and I 
express the desire which is shared by all in this hall, 
that our meeting may never want the presence of 
delegates of the great people who are dear as they 
are near to us. 

It is, gentlemen, greatly owing to your organisation 
that the British Association for the advancement of 
science will next year meet at Montreal, following in 
this a precedent happily established by the visit last 
year of the American Association. These meetings 
at Montreal are not without their significance. They 
show that it is not only among statesmen and politicians 
abroad that Canada is valued and respected ; but that 
throughout all classes, and wherever intellect, culture, 
and scientific attainment are revered, her position is 
acknowledged, and her aspiration to take her place 
among the nations Is seen and welcomed. 

I am sure that your British brethren have chosen 
wisely in selecting Montreal, for I know the hearty 
greeting which awaits them from its hospitable citizens. 
The facilities placed at the disposal of our British 
guests will enable them to visit a large portion of our 
immense territory, where in every part new and in- 
teresting matters will arrest their attention, and give 
delight to men who, in many cases, have but lately 
realised our resources. Their words, biassed by no 


TORONTO, 1883. 


interests other than the desire for knowledge, and 
founded on personal observation, will find no con- 
tradiction when they assert that in the lifetime of the 
babes now born, the vast fertile regions of Canada 
will be the home of a people more numerous than 
that which at the present time inhabits the United 
Kingdom. 

I must not now further occupy your time, but 
would once more ask you to accept my heartfelt 
thanks for the determination shown by all to make 
the Royal Society a worthy embodiment of the 
literary activity and the scientific labour of our 
widely-scattered countrymen throughout this great 
land. 


The Governor-General’s reply to addresses from the Royal Academy 
and the Ontario Society of Artists, Toronto, June 1883 :— 


Mr. O’Brien, Mr. Allan, and Ladies and Gentlemen, 
—I beg to thank you most cordially for the most 
kind and courteous addresses which you have been 
so good as to present to us. We shall keep them as 
mementos of the part we have been able to take in 
promoting Art in the Dominion. That part has ne- 
cessarily been a very small one. I have been able to 
do very little more than make suggestions, and those 
suggestions have been patriotically and energetically 
acted upon by the gentlemen who have taken in hand 
the interests of Art. But what we have done we have 
done with our whole hearts. The Princess has taken 
the deepest interest from its inception in the project 
of establishing a Royal Academy. When, owing to 


edge, and 
| no con- 
ime of the 
f Canada 
srous than 
1e United 


time, but 
> heartfelt 
l to make 
nt of the 


ir of our — 


this great 


yyal Academy 
1883 :— 
entlemen, 
the most 
have been 
pp them as 
to take in 
rt has ne- 
en able to 
and those 
\ergetically 
en in hand 
e we have 
has taken 
he project 
, Owing to 


TORONTO, 788}. 331 


the unfortunate accident at Ottawa, she was unable to 
visit the first exhibition of the Academy held in that 
city, I remember she insisted that I should bring up 
to her room nearly every one of the pictures exhibited, 
in order that she might judge of the position of Cana- 
dian Art at that time. (Applause.) It is very fitting 
that your first meeting in Toronto should be held in 
a building devoted to education, such as this Normal 
School. I have not yet had the pleasure of seeing 
the Exhibition, but I am given to understand that it 
is an excellent one, and shows marked progress. That 
the Exhibition should be held in this building shows 
the appreciation of your efforts on the part of the Gov- 
ernment of Ontario. It symbolises the wish of your 
association to promote education by extending Art- 
training, and training in design. It is therefore most 
fitting that the Normal School in Toronto, the great 
centre from which come the masters of education for 
Ontario, should be chosen as the place in which to hold 
this Exhibition. Perhaps when the Exhibition is next 
held in this city, you will be privileged to meet in a 
Hall belonging to the local Art Society—a gallery of 
paintings. A proper gallery is yet wanting. I have 
seen a good many such in other places, notably in 
Boston, New York, and Montreal. I am accustomed 
to think that Toronto is quite in the front rank, if not 
ahead of any other city upon this continent. It 
should not be behindhand in this respect. I know, 
at all events, one eminent Toronto man who lives not 
far from here, whose features and form are as well 
known as those of the Colossus were to the inhabi- 


332 TORONTO, 1788}. 


tants of Rhodes in ancient days, who is not satisfied 
with himself, nor is the world quite satisfied, unless 
he is at least twenty lengths ahead of everybody else.* 
The position he has earned for himself is such that 
the Provincial Government and the Dominion Gov- 
ernment, with my full consent, are prepared to spend 
$117,000 this year in securing his habitation, so that 
it shall not be swept away by the waves of Lake On- 
tario. (Applause and laughter.) I am sure—though I 
speak in the presence of much better authority—that if 
the association here shows itself as much ahead of the 
world as the gentleman to whom I have referred, the 
Provincial and Dominion Government will, in the 
same manner, back up your position by money grants 
if necessary. (Renewed laughter.) It has been a 
great satisfaction to me that when the Royal Academy 
was founded, I had the great assistance and support 
of the gentleman who was then President of your 
local association, Mr. O’Brien. As this may be the 
last time I shall have an opportunity to speak on Art 
matters in Canada, I should like to acknowledge the 
debt of gratitude which all those who had to do with 
founding the Academy owe to him. With untiring 
zeal, good temper, and tact, he worked in a manner 
which deserves, I think, the highest recognition. As 
a result of the labour bestowed upon the project, we 
see here to-night the Academy and the old Society in 
one unbroken line. With regard to the work done 
by the Academy, you are aware we have held three 
or four annual meetings, and marked progress has been 


* Mr Hanlan, Champion Sculler of the World. 


t satisfied 
ed, unless 
ody else.* 
such that 
nion Gov- 
| to spend 
n, so that 
Lake On- 
—though I 
ty—that if 
ead of the 
ferred, the 
ill, in the 
ney grants 
as been a 
| Academy 
d support 
it of your 
ay be the 
ak on Art 
ledge the 
o do with 
h untiring 
a manner 
ition. As 
broject, we 
Society in 
ork done 
eld three 
S has been 


rid. 


TORONTO, 288}. 333 


seen. The patriotic determination not only to hold 
meetings in towns where good commercial results 
could be obtained, but in others, is shown by the 
holding of a meeting in Halifax and other towns where 
it was not expected that a very large number of pic- 
tures could at once be sold. The good results of 
this course are shown by the fact that as a result of 
the meeting in Halifax, a local Art society is to be 
established there. A local association has been 
started at Ottawa, and is making good progress. In 
Montreal a great impetus has been given to the local 
society, and throughout the Dominion the cause of 
Art has been promoted by a cantral body bearing a 
high standard and encouraging contributions from all 
parts of the country. We have also to pride ourselves 
upon the enterprise of our artists in seeking instruc- 
tion abroad. Several names might be mentioned of 
those who have gone and have diligently studied at 
Paris and elsewhere. At the Paris Salon this year, two 
of our lady members, Miss Jones and Miss Richards, 
have been very successful in having every picture they 
sent admitted to the Exhibition. (Applause.) A 
subscription was made in Montreal, some years ago, 
for an excellent statue which was erected at Chambly, 
the subject being Colonel de Salaberry, and the artist, 
Mr. Hébert of Montreal, one of your members. I 
am happy to say that Mr. Hébert was successful in 
the face of strong competition from Italy, France, 
England, and America, in carrying off the prize for 
the best model for a statue to be erected in honour 
of Sir George Cartier by the Dominion Government. 


334 TORONTO, 1883. 


Another of our members, Mr. Harris, has received a 
commission from the Federal Government to paint a 
picture commemorative of the Confederation of the 
Canadian Dominion. ‘These are marked proofs that 
the position attained by our academicians is now 
) recognised ; and it shows also, if I may be allowed to 
say so, the influence a society like this may virtuously 
exercise upon the Government and the tressury. 
(I.aughter and applause.) There is only one other 
subject I would like to mention, though it has no 
direct connection with Art. But it is one mooted by 
Lord Dufferin, I think, in this very place, at all events 
in Toronto, some years ago. He asked me when I 
came not to lose sight of it, but to push it upon all 
possible occasions. I allude to the formation of a 
national park at Niagara. I believe I am correct in 
saying that on the American side the suggestion 
originated with a mutual friend of Lord Dufferin’s 
and mine, Mr. Bierstadt. Lord Dufferin took the 
most energetic steps in promoting the project. He 
wrote to the gentleman who was then governor of 
New York. Some difficulties arose at the time, still 
steps were taken by which the project might have 
been successfully carried out before now. However, 
a change came, and a less sympathetic regime followed 
that of the governor with whom Lord Dufferin had 
communicated. I believe that now our neighbours 
are perfectly ready, and have nearly, if not quite, 
carried a measure for the scheme so far as it affects 
them. Their part of the work is of course a much 
more serious undertaking than ours. I request the in- 


sceived a 
) paint a 
n of the 
‘oofs that 
; Is now 
llowed to 
rirtuously 
treasury. 
ne other 
t has no 
ooted by 
all events 
2 when I 
upon all 
tion of a 
orrect in 
ggestion 
Dufferin’s 
ook the 
ect. He 
ernor of 
ime, still 
bht have 
owever, 


followed | 


prin had 
ighbours 
Dt quite, 
t affects 
a much 
st the in- 


ADDRESS OF PARLIAMENT, 128&§}. 335 


fluence of the Canadian Academy, and of the Society of 
Artists, in asking both the Dominion and Provincial 
Governments to take measures to meet the Americans 
in this movement, if they have made or are about to 
make it. We should secure the land necessary to 
make this park, so that the vexatious little exactions 
made of visitors may cease. I am sure it will be an 
immense boon to the public at large, as well as to 
the inhabitants of this Province and of the State of 
New York, if this scheme, so well initiated, shall ulti- 
mately prove successful. 


Ottawa, May 1883.—Address to His Excellency.—Mr. Speaker an- 
nounced the receipt of au informal intimation from the Senate 
that they were awaiting the arrival of the Commons to present 
the farewell address to His Excellency the Governor-General, in 
view of his early departure from the country, 

On the arrival of Mr. Speaker and the members of the 
Commons in the Senate Chamber, the following address was 
read to His Excellency and H.R.H.the Princess Louise by Sir 
Jobn Macdonald, 


To His Excellency the Governor-General of Canada, 
etc., etc..—May it please your Excellency, We, Her 
Majesty’s dutiful subjects, the Senate and House of 
Commons of Canada in Parliament assembled, desire 
on behalf of those we represent, as well as on our 
own, to give expression to the general feeling of 
regret with which the country has learned that your 
Excellency’s official connection with Canada is soon 
about to cease. We are happy, however, to believe 
that in the councils of the Empire in the future, and 
whenever opportunity enables you to render Her 


336 ADDRESS OF PARLIAMENT, 1288). 


Majesty service, Canada will ever find in your Excel- 
lency a steadfast friend, with knowledge of her wants 
and aspirations, and an earnest desire to forward her 
ini?rests. 

Your Excellency’s zealous endeavours to inform 
yourself by personal observation of the character, 
capabilities, and requirements of every section of the 
Dominion have been highly appreciated by its people, 
and we feel that the country is under deep obligations 
to you for your untiring efforts to make its resources 
widely and favourably known. 

The warm personal interest which your Excellency 
has taken in everything calculated to stimulate and 
encourage intellectual energy amongst us, and to 
advance science and art, will long be gratefully re- 
membered. ‘The success of your Excellency’s efforts 
has fortified us in the belief that a full development 
of our national life is perfectly consistent with the 
closest and most loyal connection with the Empire. 

The presence of your illustrious consort in Canada 
seems to have drawn us closer to our beloved Sove- 
reign, and in saying farewell to your Excellency and 
to her Royal Highness, whose kindly and gracious 
sympathies, manifested upon so many occasions, have 
endeared her to all hearts, we humbly beg that you 
will personally convey to Her Majesty the declaration 
of our loyal attachment, and of our determination to 
maintain firm and abiding our connection with the 
great Empire over which she rules, 


ir Excel- 
er wants 
ward her 


> inform 
haracter, 
n of the 
s people, 
ligations 
resources 


xcellency 
ilate and 
and to 
efully re- 
”s efforts 
lopment 
with the 
mpire. 
Canada 
ed Sove- 
ency and 
gracious 
bns, have 
that you 
claration 
kation to 
with the 


FAREWELL ADDRESS, 128&8&}. 337 


His Excellency tne Governor-General made the following reply :— 


Honourable Gentlemen, — No higher personal 
honour can be received bya public man than that 
which, by this address, you have been pleased to 
accord to me. In asking you to accept my gratitude, 
I thank you also for your words regarding the Princess, 
whose affection for Canada fully equals mine. It will 
be my pride and duty to aid you in the future to the 
utmost of my power. Now that the pre-arranged term 
of our residence among you draws to its end, and the 
happiest five years I have ever known are nearly spent, 
it is my fortune to look back on a time during which 
all domestic discord has been avoided, our friendship 
with the great neighbouring Republic has been sus- 
tained, and an uninterrupted prosperity has marked 
the advance of the Dominion. In no other land have 
the last seventeen years, the space of time which has 
elapsed since your Federation, witnessed such progress. 
Other countries have seen their territories enlarged and 
their destinies determined by trouble and war, but no 
blood has stained the bonds which have knit together 
your free and order-loving populations, and yet in this 
period, so brief in the life of a nation, you have attained 
to a union whose characteristics from sea to sea are 
the same. A judicature above suspicion, self-govern- 
ing communities entrusting to a strong central Govern- 
ment all national interests, the toleration of all faiths 
with favour to none, a franchise recognising the rights 
of labour by the exclusion only of the idler, the main- 


tenance of a Government not privileged to exist for 
¥ 


338 FAREWELL ADDRESS, 188}. 


any fixed term, but ever susceptible to the change of 
public opinion and ever open, through a responsible 
Ministry, to the scrutiny of the people—these are the 
features of your rising power. Finally, you present the 
spectacle of a nation already possessing the means to 
make its position respected by its resources in men 
avauable at sea or on land. May these never be re- 
quired except to gather the harvests the bounty of 
God has so lavishly bestowed upon you. ‘The spirit, 
however, which made your fathers resist encroachment 
on your soil and liberties is with you now, and it is 
as certain to-day, as it was formerly, that you are ready 
to take on yourselves the necessary burden to ensure 
the permanence of your laws and institutions. You 
have the power to make treaties on your own responsi- 
bility with foreign nations, and your high commissioner 
is associated, for purposes of negotiation, with the 
Foreign Office. You are not the subjects but the free 
allies of the great country which gave you birth, and 
is ready with all its energy to be the champion of your 
interests. Standing side by side, Canada and Great 
Britain work together for the commercial advance- 
ment of each other. It is the recognition of this 
which makes such an occasion as the present signi- 
ficant. Personal ties, however dear to iadividuals, are 
of no public moment. ‘These may be happy or un- 
happy accidents, but the satisfaction experienced from 
the conditions of the connection now subsisting be- 
tween the old and the new lands can be affected by 
no personal accident. I therefore rejoice that again 
it has been your determination to show that Canada 


hange of 
sponsible 
e are the 
esent the 
means to 
; in men 
yer be re- 
ounty of 
he spirit, 
pachment 
and it is 
are ready 
fo ensure 
ns. You 
_responsi- 
missioner 
with the 
t the free 
birth, and 
bn of your 
nd Great 
advance- 
n of this 
ent signi- 
duals, are 


y or un- 
ced from 
isting be- 
ffected by 
hat again 
t Canada 


FAREWELL ADDRESS, 1788}. 339 


remains as firmly rooted as ever in love to that free 
unicn which ensures to you and to Great Britain equal 
advantage. Without i your institutions and national 
autonomy would not be allowed to endure for twelve 
months, while the loss of the alliance of the com- 
munities which were once the dependencies of Eng- 
land would be a heavy blow to her commerce and 
renown. I thank you once more for your words, 
which shall be dear treasures to me for ever, and 
may the end of the term of each public servant 
who fills with you the office which constitutes him at 
once your chief magistrate and the representative of 
a united empire, be a day for pronouncing in favour 
of a free national Government defended by such 
Imperial alliance. 


At the conclusion of His Excellency’s reply, Mr. Speaker returned to 
the Commons Chamber, followed by the members. The last 
paragraph of the speech from the Throne was.as follows :— 


Honourable Gentlemen of the Senate: Gentlemen 
of the House of Commons,—I desire to thank you 
for the great honour conferred on me by the 
presentation of a joint address. The Princess and I 
have both been profoundly touched by your words, 
and the message of which you make us the bearers, 
comes, as we personally know, from a people deter- 
mined to maintain the Empire. The severance of my 
official connectior. with Canada does not loosen the 
tie of affection which will ever make me desire to 


7 


ta Sy gna a — aes 


340 FAREWELL ADDRESS, 1&8}. 


serve this country. I pray that the prosperity I have 
seen you enjoy may continue, and that the blessing of 
God may at all times be yours, to strengthen you in 
unity and peace. 


> I have 
essing of 
1} you in ni 


APPENDIX. 


APPENDIX, 


The Annual Exhibition of Arts and Manufactifres of the 
Province of Ontario for 1883 was held at Toronto. 
The formal opening was on Sept. 15th, and His Excel- 
lency, who was invited to open it, and who was re- 
ceived with the greatest enthusiasma, spoke as follows. 


Ladies and Gentlemen,—I only wish my voice were 
strong enough to carry to each of you the thanks we 
owe to every citizen of Toronto, for nowhere have we 
received more kindness, and nowhere have we had 
occasion to feel greater gratitude for receptions 
accorded us, than in your city. These farewells I 
feel to be very sad occasions. I know that if the 
matter had rested with the Princess she would have 
wished to postpone them for another year—(cheers )— 
for we have spent many happy days in Canada, and 
would have wished to prolong them. That, however, 
could not be. The time for departing, I am sorry to 
say, has very nearly come. For my part, I feel as if 
the sands of the last days of happiness had nearly run 
out. (Cheers.) I beg to thank you, sir, for the 
reference which you have made in your address to the 
visit of Prince George of Wales. (Loud cheers.) It 


344 TORONTO, 188}. 


is now nearly twenty-four years, I think, since his 
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales (loud cheers) 
came here, he being at that time, nearly of the age 
which Prince George-has now attained. I have often 
heard from him of the kindness and loyalty with which 
he was greeted in Canada,, (Cheers.) I know it has 
been a matter of regret to him that he has been unable 
in recent years to repeat his visit. I know how he 
watches with the greatest interest and sympathy the pro- 
gress of this country, and how he hopes at some future 
day he may possibly revisit it. (Loud cheers.) In 
the address you desire me to convey to Her 
Majesty the assurance of your loyalty—an assurance 
which we shall deliver, nct that any such assurance is 
needed—(Cheers)—the reverence and loyalty with 
which Her Majesty is regarded is well known to me, 
but we will faithfully carry out your commission. It 
is a message of devotion to the Throne and Empire 
coming from a great community. (Loud cheers.) I 
do not know anything more remarkable in the recent 
history of this great continent than the story of this 
populous and extensive Province, whose shores are 
washed by the beautiful waters of Erie, Huron, and 
Ontario. Within the lifetime of a man, indeed only 
sixty years ago, nothing but an untouched growth of 
wood was visible throughout this wide region, where 
there are now myriads of happy homesteads—(cheers, ) 
and, while this remarkable result has been accom- 
plished in so short a time, we see no diminution in 
the progress and prosperity of the Province. Dur- 
ing the last few years Ontario may be said to have 


since his 
| cheers) 
the age 
ve often 
th which 
ow it has 
n unable 
v how he 
, the pro- 
ne future 
srs.) In 
to Her 
assurance 
urance is 
Ity with 
n to me, 
ssion. It 
1 Empire 
eers.) I 
e recent 
vy of this 
hores are 
iron, and 
leed only 
rowth of 
n, where 
(cheers, ) 
1 accom- 
ution in 
e. Dur- 
to have 


TORONTO, 1883. 345 
become a Mother Country, for she has sent out 
colonies to the West by tens of thousands, and yet, 
owing to the rapid and natural increase of her people, 
and to the manner in which the void occasioned by 
the departure of these has been filled up from across 
the seas, we still see the population constantly 
increasing—(cheers)—and I believe the next census 
will show as great an increase as the last, and that, I 
believe was 18 per cent. (Loud cheers.) I was very 
much struck some time ago by the manner in which 
some men, comfortably situated here, wished, never- 
theless, to see the West. I had occasion to ask for 
the services of two men for a friend of mine who had 
taken a farm in Manitoba. One was got immediately, 
and an Ontario gentleman, to whom I applied, came 
to me and said: “ You will be surprised to hear who 
the second man is whom I have obtained for your 
friend ; he is a man having a large farm and a very 
comfortable homestead, and, while he does not wish to 
leave the Province permanently, he desires to go to 
the North-West to see the country, and has volunteered 
to go asa hired man fora year to Manitoba” He 
left for that year his wife and child at home. I hope 
by this time he has been able to rejoin them. I do 
not think the desire prevailing amongst you in Ontario 
to go westward need cause the men of Ontario one 
moment’s anxiety. Your ranks will be quickly refilled. 
Numbers are now coming in from the Old Country— 
and I beg to congratulate the Government of Ontario 
on the successful way in which they have put forward 
the attractions, I may say the great attractions, of this 


346 TORONTO, 188}. 


Province as compared with those of the West, with the 
view of arresting some of those who were on their 
passage farther west. (Cheers.) I had a conversation 
only yesterday with a gentleman who is at the head 
of the Agricultural Science Department of South 
Kensington, in London ; and to show you there is a 
wide field open for the surplus population of a 
class you wish to attract, I would like to quote 
that gentleman’s words. He is a great authority, a 
Government official, and I am sure his name is known 
to many of you—Professor Tanner. (Cheers.) He 
told me that over 7,000 men are studying agriculture 
in Great Britain at the present time ; that over 6,000 
had passed last year the examination provided by 
Government ; that of those 6,ooc there certainly 
would not be an opportunity in Great Britain for the 
employment of more than one-tenth; that is to say 
that nine-tenths will assuredly, if they wish to follow 
out the course which their studies would indicate as 
the career they seek to pursue, have to find a place 
outside the limits of the old country. I would cer- 
tainly recommend them to come here. (Cheers.) 
I have made such recommendations often at home. 
Sometimes I have been told that I incur a great respon- 
sibility for doing so. (Cheers.) I shall be very glad 
to assume the responsibility for the rest of my days. 
(Renewed cheering.) I shali only ask of Ontario 
societies when they invite women to come here, to 
back me in advising the old country people not to 
send too many instructresses of youth—(hear, hear)— 
for wherever I have made a speech in England 


with the 
on their 
versation 
the head 
f South 
ere is a 
n of a 
O quote 
lority, a 
s known 
Ss.) He 
riculture 
er 6,000 
ided by 
certainly 
1 for the 
s to say 
o foliow 
licate as 
a place 
uld cer- 
heers. ) 
it home. 
respon- 
ery glad 
y days. 
Ontario 
here, to 

not to 
hear )— 
ngland 


TORONTO, 758}. 347 


advising women to emigrate, I have always received 
about 500 letters on the succeeding day from people 
who said they were perfectly confident that there was 
an opening for a good governess in Canada. (Laughter 
and cheers.) I wish to emphasize the fact that there 
is hardly any opening, for we grow our own stock in 
that respect—(Loud cheers),—and I believe in the 
Exhibition of which we shall soon be making an 
examination strangers will see that among the objects 
placed in the most honourable position is the school 
desk, the school bench, and the school book. (Re- 
newed cheers.) They will find these exhibited along 
with the best products of the factory, the forest, 
the field and the mine. I say, I shall continue to 
recommend this Province, for you have inspired me 
with additional confidence—(Cheers)— perhaps be- 
cause the community have confidence in themselves. 
(Renewed cheers.) I will say nothing more, for I 
feel I might expatiate at too great a length upon your 
prospects. (Continued cheers.) I beg now formally 
to declare the Toronto Exhibition of 1883 to be open 
to the public. (Loud and continued cheering.) 


The following is the Governor-General’s reply to an ad- 
dress presented in the Queen’s Park, Toronto. Seve- 
ral thousand persons had assembled although the rain 
had descended in torrents for some hours. 


Mr. Mayor and citizens of the city of Toronto,— 
Ladies and Gentlemen of this great Province of Ontario, 
—I have again to thank you for a loyal and affectionate 
address, conveying your reverence and love to the 


348 TORONTO, 188}. 


Queen. Already several of the Queen’s children 
have visited Canada. On this occasion you have 
been welcoming, kindly and cordially, a grandson of 
ner Majesty. (Cheers.) On all occasions on which 
members of the Queen’s family have visited this country 
they have met with a welcome which evinces your 
determination to sustain the Empire in which Canada 
occupies so large a place. I thank you, sir, for what 
you have stated with regard to my term of office. 
You have had the good fortune to enjoy five years of 
prosperity and progress. I would, if you will allow 
me, take the words you have addressed to me as not 
in any sense conveying a personal compliment, but as 
expressing your appreciation of the value of the office 
which I have had the honour to hold for five years, 
and your wish to maintain its dignity. I confess that 
I am not so desirous of any personal popularity, but I 
am jealous for the position of the Governor-General. I 
need not tell you, who know it already, the value of the 
constitutional rules under which its functions are exer- 
cised. They who disparage the office by telling you that 
it is one of no influence would be the first to cry out 
against its powers, and they would be right to do so, 
should those powers be used in excess of constitutional 
privilege. It is sufficient that the ministers, both of the 
last Government and the present, regard the office as 
valuable, and desire its continuance. There is, however, 
one point in connection with it which I should wish to 
impress upon you. In some quarters, although not, I 
am satisfied, by the people at large, the presence 
of a Governor-General is held to imply something 


children 
rou have 
ndson of 
yn which 
s country 
ces your 
| Canada 
for what 
of office. 
years of 
vill allow 
le as not 
it, but as 
the office 
ve years, 
ifess that 
ity, but I 
eneral. I 
lue of the 
are exer- 
r you that 
cry out 
o do so, 
titutional 
th of the 
Office as 
however, 
_ wish to 
rh not, I 
presence 


pmething 


TORONTO, 788}. 349 
called “etiquette” — (Laughter), — and implies also 
the establishment of a “court.” I wish to say from 
my experience in Canada I am sure that this is by 
no means the case. Etiquette may perhaps be de- 
fined as some rule of social conduct. I have found 
that no such rule is necessary in Canada, for the 
self-respect of the people guarantees good manners. 
(Cheers.) We have had no etiquette and no court. Our 
only etiquette has been the prohibition of any single 
word spoken by strangers at the Government House 
in disparagement of Canada. (Cheers.) Our only 
court has been the courting of her fair name and fame. 
(Cheers.) Now, ladies and gentlemen, you ask me 
why it is I am so enthusiastic a Canadian. I believe I 
am perhaps even more of a Canadian than some of the 
Canadians themselves. I ascribe it to the very simple 
cause that I have seen perhaps more of your country 
than have very many amongst you. I know what your 
great possessions are, and to what a magnificent 
heritage you have fallen heirs. I know that wide 
forest world out of which the older Provinces have 
been carved. I know that great central region of 
glorious prairie-land from which shall be carved out 
future Provinces as splendid or yet more splendid than 
those of which we now proudly boast. I know also 
that vast country beyond the Rocky Mountains, that 
wondrous region sometimes clothed in gloomy forest, 
sometimes smiling beneath the sun in pastoral beauty 
of valley and upland, or sometimes shadowed by Alpine 
gorges and mighty mountain peaks—the territory of 
British Columbia. And in each and all of these three 


350 OTTAWA, 1883. 


| immense sections of your great country I know that you 

ae have possessions which must make you in time one of 
| the foremost among the nations, not only of this con- 
tinent, but of the world. (Cheers.) It is because I 
have seen so much of you and of your territories that I 
am enthusiastic in your behalf, and that the wish of my 
life shall be the desire to further your interests ; and I 
pray the God who has granted to you this great 
country that he may in his own good time make you 
a great people. (Loud cheers.) 


On leaving Ottawa, an address was presented by the Cor- 
poration of the city. The Governor-General replied 
as follows : — 


Mr. Mayor, members of the Corporation, and 
citizens of Ottawa—We both thank you most cordially 
for your words, which are so full of kindness. 

It is indeed a sorrowfu! thought to us that the 
present must be our last meeting for all time, as far as 
any official connection between us is concerned ; but 
we shall hope that it will not be the last occasion on 
which we shall again be brought together, for it would 
be indeed a melancholy prospect to us were we not 
able to look forward to some future day on which we 
might revisit the scenes which have been so much 
endeared to us, and witness the continuance of that 
progress which has been so marked in the Dominion 
during the last five years. 

You kindly wish us God-speed, a~d hope that our 
future career may be happy ; but we ean mever again 
have a happier or more fortunate time than that 


v that you 
ne one of 
this con- 
oecause [ 
ries that I 
ish of my 
ts; and I 
this great 
make you 


y the Cor- 
ral replied 


tion, and 
; cordially 


that the 
Las far as 
med ; but 
casion on 
r it would 
e we not 
which we 
so much 
e of that 
Dominion 


that our 
ver again 
an that 


OTTAWA, 7883. 351 


spent amongst you ; indeed, whenever, in the future, 
life’s path is darker, we can take comfort and refresh- 
ment from the recollection of the bright days passed 
under the beautiful clear sunshine of the Canadian 
seasons. 

If in any way we have been able to please you in 
the personal intercourse which it has been our happi- 
ness to have experienced on civic occasions, and in 
social meetings at Government House, we shall cer- 
tainly leave with the feeling that there is no commu- 
nity more easy to please. The interest and affection 
we have for you will always endure, and I hope that 
when any of you visit the Old Country (should I 
happen to be there) you will let me again see you. 

But, gentlemen, however pleasant may have been 
the friendships begun during the last few years, or the 
Official relations at my office, it is important that we 
should not over-value individual likings. So long as 
the Governor-General follows the example set by our 
beloved monarch as a constitutional sovereign, so long 
should the favour he finds with the people endure, and 
any personal popularity is a thing of no account. You 
have been pleased to endorse afresh the system under 
which we live and which you think infinitely preferable 
to that which obtains among our neighbours to the 
south of us. But my constitutional governorship is 
nearly over, and now that I am practically out of 
harness, I mean to assume autocratic airs, and confess 
to you that I have sometimes wished for the benefit 
and adornment of your city to become its dictator 
with plenary power of raising federal and local taxes for 


352 OTTAWA, 788}. 


any object which may have seemed best to my despotic 

a will. But I have faith in popular rule, and believe 

np that when I next visit Ottawa I shall see the city not 

7 only embellished by the completion of some of the 

good buildings which are now rising, or about to be 

erected, within its limits, but that I shall see every 

: street, and especially those which are widest, planted 

: with flourishing shade trees. I shall probably see a 

| new Government House, from whose windows the 

beautiful extent of your river shall be visible, as well 

as the noble outlines of your Parliament Buildings. 

Leading from this to the city I shall mark how the 

long, fine avenue planted in 1884, an avenue which 

will stretch all the way along Sussex street past New 

Edinburgh to Government House, has sent forth beau- 

tiful branches of the foliage of the maple, which 

perhaps at intervals may mingle with a group or two 

of dark fir-trees. I am sure I shall see any boulders 

now lying by the wayside broken up to form the 

metal for excellent roads, and of course no vestiges of 

that burnt wooden house at the corner of Pooley’s 

Bridge will remain. Indeed, I shall see few tenements 

which are not of brick or stone both in Ottawa and 

Hull, and last, but not least, ' am sure we shall find 

the Ministry and Supreme Court properly housed in 

official residences such as are provided for those 

functionaries by most of the civilized nations of the 
world. 

But do not think that I say anything of this prophetic 

vision in any spirit of detraction of what we possess 

here ut present. I know well that without Federal 


lespotic 
believe 
city not 
- of the 
it to be 
e every 
planted 
ly see a 
ows the 
as well 
uldings. 
how the 
e which 
ast New 
th beau- 
, which 
or two 
boulders 
brm the 
stiges of 
Pooley’s 
mements 
Awa and 
hall find 
bused in 
br those 
S of the 


ophetic 
possess 
Federal 


OTTA WA, 188}. 353 
help, such as is given at Washington, and with the 
limited area from which assessments can be drawn, 
it must take time to build up an ideal city, and I 
have always found the Ottawa of to-day a very pleasant 
place as a residence. You have a society of singular 
interest and variety, because so many men of ability 
are brought together at the seat of government, and I 
believe that a gayer and brighter season than the 
Ottawa winter is hardly to be met with. By the 
increase of good accommodation afforded by the hotels, 
an improvement, which has been most notable within 
the last few years, has been effected for the comfort of 
visitors, and its results are apparent in the great num- 
ber of strangers who throng your city during the time 
of the sitting of Parliament. Ottawa should become 
during these months more and more the social centre 
for the Dominion, and in contributing towards this, 
and in working for this end, you will not only be 
benefitting yourselves, but aiding in strengthening the 
national spirit and the unity of sentiment between the 
provinces which may be greatly fostered in convening 
together, not only the leading men of the Dominion, 
but those ladies belonging to other centres of social 
life in Canada, without whose patniotic feeling it would 
be vain even for the ablest statesman to do much 
towards national unity and purpose. 

For our part we shall always look back upon many 
of the months spent in this city as being among the 
brightest and pleasantest, and in bidding you farewell 
we wish to express a hope that it may only be farewell 


for the present. 
Z 


354 MONTREAL, 1883. 


Let me now thank you once more, and may all good 


remain with you and yours. 
LORNE. 


Government House, Ottawa, gth October, 1883. 


At Montreal, on his departure, the St. Jean Baptiste So- 
ciety and the Caledonian Society presented addresses. 
Lcrd Lorne thanked them for the personal good 
~vishes expressed, but referring to the presentation to 
the Governor-General of addresses from societies re- 
presenting some race or old national sentiment among 
Canadians, he said that he would suggest that, for the 
future, Canadians should approach the Head of the 
Government only as Canadians, the Mayor o: Varden 
representing all. Although among themselves they 
might and would always cherish recollections of the 
nationality from which they sprang, a Governor-Gene- 
ral must recognize them only as that which they now 
are, namely, component parts of the Canadian people. 


His Excellency then replied as follows io the address 
presented by the Mayor on behalf of the city : — 


Zo the Mayor and Corporation of the City of Mont- 
real. 


Gentlemen,—Your kind words remind us rather of 

what we wouid have wished to have done than of any 

accomplishment of those desires. It is but little that an 
a individual piaced a‘ the head of your Government as 
4 its impartial chief magistrate can or may do, and it is 
perhaps as well that this is so, for it would be a matter 
of regret, and one to be deplored, if the esteem in 
which that high office is held should depend on any 


iste So- 
dresses. 
al good 
Ation to 
eties re- 
t among 
, for the 
J of the 

Varden 
ves they 
s of the 
or-Gene- 
hey now 
1 people. 


address 


Mont- 


ather of 
of any 
e that an 
:ment as 
nd it is 
A matter 
teem in 

on any 


MONTREAL, 1883. 355 
individual's capacity for capturing popular sympathy. 
The position is one capable of much good in moder- 
ating counsel, and even in the suggestion of methods 
of procedure in government ; but any action the head 
of the state may take must be unknown, except at rare 
intervals, to the public, and must always be of such a 
nature that no party may claim him as their especial 
friend. Asa sign of the union of your country with 
ihe sest of the Empire, he has other functions more 
Important than that of making Canada well known 
abroad, which it may be in his power greatly to use 
for your benefit. Steam communication has made the 
advent of emigrants easy, and the emigrant is a better 
advertiser for you than any official can be. In short, 
so far as the public activity of a Governor-General is 
concerned, he should rely rather on the approbation of 
posterity than on any personal recognition, taking care 
only that his name be associated with constitutional 
rule, and his impartial recognition of whatever Ministry 
the country, through the House of Commons, eleets 
for hisadvice. Jtis a source of much satisfaction to 
me to know that my successor is certain to foliow in 
this respect the example of the Queen, whose repre- 
sentative he is. 

It would be impertinence in me to speak of his 
private character, for they who desire to know of this 
have only to go and hear what is said by his loving 
tenantry and friends on his estates in County Kerry, 
Ireland, where an emphatic tribute to his personal 
worth has been lately paid him at Dereen. In a few 
days he will land upon your shores, and I am certain 


356 MONTREAL, 1883. 


he will receive that warm welcome which a generous 
and loyal people are ever ready to accord to the 
temporary representative of constitutional government. 

You have alluded, sir, to that happy day in Novem- 
ber, five years ago, when Montreal gave us so splendid 
a welcome. I remember when the horses became 
unmanageable it was the good will of the citizens to 
honour us by detaching them, and by drawing the 
carriage for a long distance until we reached the great 
Windsor Hotel. I told them at the time that I con- 
sidered it an omen of how a Governor might always 
trust to them for support. That impression was 
strengthened during my stay in Canada, together with 
this other, namely, that if anything goes wrong, it 
is easy for the people to take matters into their own 
hands, and to change the programme, substituting 
another where order and active purpose may be clearly 
discerned. 

My residence amongst you has led me greatly to 
honour your people, and in honouring them it has been 
my privilege to honour also its men of both sides of 
politics in the State, who have been chosen by the 
constituencies to lead their political life. Almost the 
only pain I have experienced during my term here has 
been caused by the personal attacks which are too 
frequently made on both sides against party men. 
Believe me, gentlemen, such personal attacks do no 
good in advancing any cause, but belittle the nation in 
the eyes of strangers. They are also, as a rule, as 
unwarrantable as they are repulsive, useless and 
mischievous. I have seen a good deal of the public 


nerous 
to the 
nment. 
Novem- 
plendid 
became 
zens to 
ing the 
1e great 
t I con- 
always 
yn Was 
er with 
rong, it 
eir own 
stituting 
clearly 


eatly to 
as been 
sides of 
by the 
ost the 
here as 
arc too 


y men. 
5 do no 
ation in 
rule, as 
pss and 
e public 


MONTREAL, 188}. 357 


life and of the politicians of many countries, and I 
unhesitatingly affirm that you have in general in 
Canada as pure and noble-minded statesmen as may 
be found anywhere the wide world over. Where in 
other lands you see those who have had political 
power and patronage occupying palaces and raising 
themselves to be amongst the richest of the people, we 
here see perhaps too much of the other extreme, and 
men who have led parties to battle and been the victo- 
rious leaders in honest political strife are too often left 
to live in houses which an English squire would not 
consider good enough for his bailiff. This leads me 
to speak to you of a wish which I have often cherished, 
but which, to reveal a Cabinet secret, I have never 
succeeded in persuading any Canadian statesman to 
support by a speech in the chambers of the Legis- 
lature. They fear, I suppose, that selfishness would 
be assigned as their motive. I therefore come to you, 
the people, to propose it, and to ask you—the repre- 
sentatives and citizens of the wealthiest community in 
Canada—to take it up. It is this: that we should 
have at Ottawa official residences not only for the 
Judges of the Supreme Court, but for the Dominion 
Ministers of the day. This is, of course, a matter 
which would indifferently benefit whatever party may 
be in power. Should you encourage the idea through 
your representatives you will be only following in the 
footsteps of many other peoples. Every little state in 
Germany provides good residences for its Ministers. 
At Berlin and at Paris the nations of France and of 
Germany look upon :t 2s 2 matter of course that the 


358 MONTREAL, 188}. 


Ministry should possess fit residences. Why should 
we not follow an example so obviously good, and, 
because we rightly ask the Judges of the Supreme 
Court and federal Ministry to reside at the Capital, 
furnish them with the means of doing so in a manner 
suited to the dignity of this nation ? 

Forgive me for detaining you at length, but in 
speaking to you it is impossible not to remember that 
I am addressing the wealthiest and greatest commu- 
nity in the country. Montreal must always keep her 
pre-eminent position on the St. Lawrence, situated as 
she is at the end of the ocean waterways, which form 
so imperial an avenue to the artificial navigation con- 
necting the great lakes that he at the limits of 
the vast grain region of the prairies. But while 
our thoughts naturally turn westward to the vast 
interior with gratitude to the Giver for so won- 
drous a wealth in the new soils of. the central 
continent, let us be thankful also for the Provi- 
dence which has enabled our thrifty and hardy 
people to turn to good account the banks on both 
sides of the great stream flowing from hence seawards. 
Let us be thankful that this great arterial channel has 
tempted people not only upits own current, but up the 
channels of its tributaries, and that under the guidance 
of men like Labelle and others, we are gradually having 
the great country to the north opened up by settle- 
ments which have spread along the Ottawa, the River 
Rouge, the Lievre and the Saguenay, until the long 
silent shores of Lake St. John have become the busy 
scenes of agricultural life. Let us be grateful also 


| 
| 


r should 
yd, and, 
Supreme 

Capital, 
/manner 


, but in 
aber that 
commu- 
keep her 
tuated as 
rich form 
tion con- 
limits of 
ut while 
the vast 
sO won- 
e central 
he Provi- 
d hardy 
on both 
seawards. 
annel has 
ut up the 
guidance 
lly having 
by settle- 
the River 
the long 
the busy 
teful also 


aE 


f 
' 
; 
+ 
3 
i 
of 


QUEBEC, 188}. 359 


that we have this country garrisoned by men who are 
as true to the Constitution and the Throne as they are 
faithful to their Church, and while we direct our own 
young men and the youthful emigrant from Europe to 
the North and to the West, let us take care to point 
out to the stranger the advantages which are so mani- 
fest here for those who either desire a city life or who 
wish to reside upon the iruitful and long cleared farms 
of the ancient provinces of Old Canada. 

Now, J/onsieur le Maire, accept our thanks and 
our farewell, but let me express our wish that our 
parting may be only for a time, and az revoir. 


On the 20th October the Corporation of the City of Que- 
bec presented a farewell address. The Governor- 
General in the course of his reply, made the following 
remarks : — 


Where the laws, the language, and the institutions of 
each of the Provinces forming our great Confederation 
are guarded by a constitution which sees its own 
strength in the happy continuance of local privileges, 
what wonder is it that success and progress are every- 
where to be seen. The Englishman, Scotchman or 
Irishman here finds the traditions of his country con- 
tinued ; the French-Canadian enjoys the most absclute 
liberty and safety under the flag which secures to him 
in common with all citizens of every Province a national 
life, the natural and legitimate desire of the growing 
communities of this great country. From East to 
West the spreading colonies are now able to give each 
other the hand. They are beginning to find out what 


360 


QUEBEC, 188}. 


vast possessions they have. They value national 
coherence and the maintenance of local laws. They 
glory in that glorious name which you first assumed— 
a Canadian. 

You know me well enough by this time to make it 
superfluous for me to render any long é/oge upon your 
characteristics. Although we leave you we shall always 
be with you in spirit, and cherish a desire to assist you. 

The words of affectionate regret come easily, and 
I have but little advice to give you. If there be any, 
it would be that no part of the Dominion should ex- 
clude itself from the influence of the rest. They who 
know only themselves and avoid contact with others 
go backwards ; they who welcome new impressions 
and compare the ideas of other men with their own, 
make progress. Open your arms to the immigrants 
who come, while you endeavour to repatriate your own 
people ; there is room enough here for all; continue 
to make the country to the nc.th of you a second line 
of wealth-giving lands for the first line formed by the 
valley of the St. Lawrence. Remember to direct some 
of your young men to the West. I feel that you 
throughout Canada are on the right track. You have 
only to keep it. With the motto— Our Rights and 
our Union” you will, with the blessing of God, 
become a people whose sons will be ever proud of 
the country of their birth. 

May your triumphs continue to be the triumphs of 
Peace, your rewards the rewards of Industry, Loyalty, 
and Faith ! 


THE END. 


y value national 
ocal laws. They 
u first assumed— 


s time to make it 
g éloge upon your 
ou we shall always 
lesire to assist you. 
come easily, and 
If there be any, 
ninion should ex- 
2 rest. They who 
ntact with others 
new impressions 
n with their own, 
o the immigrants 
-patriate your own 
for all; continue 
you a second line 
ne fovmed by the 
\ber to direct some 
I feel that you 
track. You have 
‘“‘Qur Rights and 
blessing of God, 
be ever proud of 


e the triumphs of 
Industry, Loyalty,